1,720,959 research outputs found
Neither in the Programs Nor in the Data: Mining the Hidden Financial Knowledge with Knowledge Graphs and Reasoning
No full textVadalog is a logic-based reasoning language for modern AI solutions, in particular for Knowledge Graph (KG) systems. It is showing very effective applicability in the financial realm, with success stories in a vast range of scenarios, including: creditworthiness evaluation, analysis of company ownership and control, prevention of potential takeovers of strategic companies, prediction of hidden links between economic entities, detection of family businesses, smart anonymization of financial data, fraud detection and anti-money laundering. In this work, we first focus on the language itself, giving a self-contained and accessible introduction to Warded Datalog+/-, the formalism at the core of Vadalog, as well as to the Vadalog system, a state-of-the-art KG system. We show the essentials of logic-based reasoning in KGs and touch on recent advances where logical inference works in conjunction with the inductive methods of machine learning and data mining. Leveraging our experience with KGs in Banca d’Italia, we then focus on some relevant financial applications and explain how KGs enable the development of novel solutions, able to combine the knowledge mined from the data with the domain awareness of the business experts
Online feelings and sentiments across Italy during pandemic: investigating the influence of socio-economic and epidemiological variables
Full text linkDuring the on-going COVID-19 pandemic, online social media have been extensively used by policy makers and health authorities to quickly disseminate useful information and respond to public concerns in a timely fashion. Notwithstanding the huge amount of literature on analyzing positive and negative emotions conveyed by social media users, researchers have not widely investigated the main determinants of online sentiment during crises. To fill this gap, in this paper we analyse a large-scale dataset of over 1.7 M tweets in order to understand whether online feelings, expressed by Italian individuals on Twitter during the pandemic, have been affected by socio-economic and epidemiological variables. Leveraging both panel models and cross-section regressions at different geographical levels, we find that more pessimistic feelings are communicated by users located in areas where the virus hit more severely, with a higher mortality rate and a larger fraction of infected individuals with respect to the local population. Finally, we show that administrative units exhibiting the most positive emotions are those characterized by lower income per capita and larger socio-economic deprivation, suggesting that sentiments in online conversations could be driven by epidemiological factors and by the fear of economic backlashes in wealthier areas of Italy
Reasoning on company takeovers during the COVID-19 crisis with knowledge graphs
Full text linkWhen some country takes a disproportionate hit by a large-scale turmoil—just like Italy did during the COVID-19 pandemics—the share prices of its companies plunge. Suddenly, it becomes feasible to attempt foreign takeovers of national assets, including those of strategic interest. To avert this risk, the Government can veto transactions by summoning the so-called “Golden Powers”. Or, it can work to proactively identify structural weaknesses in the control or shareholding chains of key companies, in order to reinforce them without resorting to special powers. Sometimes, vulnerabilities and attacks hide in plain sight due to how complex and intertwined the network of mutual company shareholding is. In this work, we show how to leverage Knowledge Graphs (KGs) as a representation and reasoning framework to analyze both reactive and proactive measures against takeover attempts, however intricate the setting where they take place. We formally characterize a set of reasoning tasks that define when and if to employ Golden Powers, plus others that aim at pinpointing companies prone to attacks. These criteria are exercised on the real network of all Italian companies, built for the occasion. A rich set of experiments is provided, including on several large synthetic instances, to prove the robustness of our method
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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