1,720,975 research outputs found
Emotional-behavioral problems, attachment and verbal skills in late-adopted adolescents: the role of pre-adoptive adversities and adoption variables
No full textBackground: There are few studies on late-adopted adolescents’ outcomes -e.g., emotionalbehavioral
problems, attachment and cognitive status- and their possible predictive factors,
none from Italy. Objective: This paper aimed to investigate emotional-behavioral problems,
attachment representations, and verbal skills in late-adopted adolescents in Italy and to explore
the predictive role of pre-adoption adversities and adoption variables for worse adoptees’
outcomes.
Participants and setting: The study included N = 79 late-adopted (mean age at adoption = 6 years)
adolescents, between 11 and 18 years, placed via both intercountry and domestic adoption.
Methods: Parents provided information about pre-adoption and adoption history and filled the
Children’s Behavior Checklist 6–18 for measuring participants’ emotional-behavioral problems.
Attachment representations were assessed through the Friend and Family Interview administered
directly to adolescents, like the verbal comprehension index of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for
Children (4th edition) for measuring participants’ verbal IQ.
Results: Maltreatment and its interaction with multiple placements were the main predictors of
other problems—i.e., social, thought, and identity difficulties (respectively, p = .007 and p =
.029)—while intercountry adoption was the unique predictor of both externalizing and total
problems (respectively, p = .047 and p = .015). However, domestic adoption was the most
important predictor both for higher insecurity and disorganized attachment representations and
lower verbal skills (all p < .044); even stronger if domestic adoption interacted with pre-adoptive
institutionalization.
Conclusions: Pre-adoption adversities as well as domestic vs. intercountry adoption, but not the
age at placement, contributed to adolescent adoptees’ developmental outcomes
A narrative review on clinical and research applications of The Mirror Paradigm: body image, psychopathology, and attachment
No full textThe Mirror Paradigm (MP) is an innovative technique that explores the influences of body representation, affect regulation, and nonverbal mirror behavior in children, adolescents and adults. The critical element of the MP is the use of a full-length mirror in front of which the interviewee is asked to answer questions about how they think and feel about their body, including perception, parental and sociocultural influences and the mind-body connection. Though research on MP is limited and focused mainly on adults, its many advantages are recognized. This narrative review aims to summarize its broad applicability, strengths and weakness and potential uses in both research and clinical settings. The review of the literature was performed through a research on PsycArticles, PsycInfo, Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection, PubMed and Web of Science Scopus databases, plus Google Scholar and ResearchGate, including pertinent and providing quantitative or qualitative data documents. Of 505 documents, 7 articles were eligible for this review (1.4% of initial records). Results revealed three main application of the MP: 1) Body image, where MP scores have been significantly correlated to body dissatisfaction assessed through questionnaires; 2) Psychopathology, where MP scores were useful in discriminating individuals with personality disorders and internalizing, externalizing, dissociative, and disordered eating symptoms; 3) Attachment, with nonverbal expressions and narratives about relationships to important others distinguishable between secure, preoccupied, and dismissive speakers as classified in the Adult Attachment Interview. Limitations and future directions are discussed, suggesting the MP as an innovative technique and measure promising for further integration in research and clinical practice
Shared Strength: Protective Roles of Community Resilience and Social Support in Ukrainian Forced Migration
No full textForced migration following the outbreak of war in Ukraine has severely affected the psychological well-being of refugees. The community and its resources play an important role in helping refugees cope with their challenges. This study examines the role of community resilience as a mediator between refugee distress, social support and subjective well-being among Ukrainian refugees in Italy. A study was conducted with 180 Ukrainian refugees. Participants were given an online questionnaire that assessed distress, community resilience, social support and subjective well-being. A mediation analysis was conducted to test the hypothesized relationships. There was a direct negative relationship between refugee distress and well-being, which was partially mediated by community resilience. In addition, community resilience fully mediated the positive relationship between social support and well-being. High levels of distress were associated with lower levels of community resilience, which in turn predicted lower levels of well-being. Community resilience emerges as an important factor in mitigating the negative effects of refugee distress and enhancing the positive effects of social support on well-being. These findings highlight the importance of community-based psychosocial interventions aimed at promoting resilience to support the well-being and integration of refugees
The role of community resilience as a protective factor in coping with mental disorders in a sample of psychiatric migrants
No full textBackground Over the past decade migration to Italy has increased significantly for various reasons including armed conflicts. Generally, the migration process is exposed to different risk factors during different periods of migration, which can compromise well-being and promote the onset or exacerbation of mental disorders. A community with resources and the perception of one's community as resilient can be important protective factor in the context of migration.Purpose This study aims to understand which variables in migration predict an increase in perceived community resilience and to understand the role of community resilience in the relationship between mental disorders and subjective well-being in a sample of 100 adult migrants at the first consultation interview in the ambulatories of Psychiatry Unit.Methods After defining the inclusion and exclusion criteria, migrants were asked to fill out self-report questionnaires to collect socio-demographic data and to assess perception of mental disorders, perceived community resilience and perception of subjective well-being. Descriptive analysis, simple regression, and moderation analyses were conducted to test the hypotheses.Results The results show that the variable meaning attributed to the community with reference to the host community, migration with someone, and longer duration of stay in Italy contribute to increased perceptions of community resilience. In addition, a direct negative effect of mental disorders on subjective well-being and the moderating role of community resilience in relationship between mental disorders and subjective well-being have been demonstrated.Conclusions This result underscores the importance of perceived community resilience in mitigating the negative effects of mental disorders on subjective well-being. Perceiving one's community as more resilient seems to protect against the impact of mental disorders on subjective well-being. Our results support an ecological model of migrants' mental health that values the community and its resources in coping with mental disorders in the context of migration
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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