1,720,967 research outputs found
Impatto degli eventi tellurici del 2012 sul controllo glicemico di bambini e adolescent affetti da diabete mellito di tipo 1
No full textMometasone Furoate–Induced Iatrogenic Cushing’s Syndrome and Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency: A Case Report
Full text linkIntranasal corticosteroids (INCS) are widely used to treat allergic rhinitis and nasal obstruction. While their safety profile is generally well established, both local and systemic side effects can occur. While it is well-known that a chronic exposure to systemic glucocorticoid treatment could determine Cushing's syndrome (CS) and suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, there is less awareness when the administration is topical or intranasal. We report the case of an 8-year-old Caucasian girl who developed Cushingoid features following prolonged INCS treatment-initially with betamethasone and subsequently with mometasone furoate. Endocrine testing revealed undetectable baseline and after stimulation cortisol levels, suggesting a condition of adrenal insufficiency secondary to the prolonged glucocorticoid exogenous administration. Temporary hydrocortisone replacement therapy was required. Even if extremely rare, pediatricians should be aware that high-dose and long-term nasal steroid administration may cause iatrogenic CS, as well as systemic glucocorticoid treatment. Clinical features are characterized by the complications of glucocorticoid excess and by the potential life-threatening complications of adrenal insufficiency. Pediatric follow-up should be scheduled during the prolonged steroid treatment and at discontinuation, with prompt referral to a Pediatric Endocrinologist if signs and symptoms of CS (or adrenal insufficiency) are noticed
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Type 1 Diabetes
Full text linkType 1 diabetes (T1D) is the most common chronic metabolic disease in children and
adolescents. The etiology of T1D is not fully understood but it seems multifactorial. The genetic
background determines the predisposition to develop T1D, while the autoimmune process against
-cells seems to be also determined by environmental triggers, such as endocrine disrupting chemicals
(EDCs). Environmental EDCs may act throughout dierent temporal windows as single chemical
agent or as chemical mixtures. They could aect the development and the function of the immune
system or of the beta-cells function, promoting autoimmunity and increasing the susceptibility to
autoimmune attack. Human studies evaluating the potential role of exposure to EDCs on the
pathogenesis of T1D are few and demonstrated contradictory results. The aim of this narrative review
is to summarize experimental and epidemiological studies on the potential role of exposure to EDCs in
the development of T1D.We highlight what we know by animals about EDCs’ eects on mechanisms
leading to T1D development and progression. Studies evaluating the EDC levels in patients with T1D
were also reported. Moreover, we discussed why further studies are needed and how they should be
designed to better understand the causal mechanisms and the next prevention interventions
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Health-Related Quality of Life and Metabolic Control in Immigrant and Italian Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes and in their Parents
No full textObjective: To determine if the diabetes-specific health-related quality of life (D-HRQOL) of young people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and their parents is influenced by migrant status.
Subjects and methods: One hundred and twenty-five patients (12.4±3.55 years, males 53.6%) with T1D and their parents (102 mothers, 37 fathers) were enrolled and categorized into: Group A (both foreign parents) and Group B (both native Italian parents). The Pediatric Quality of Life InventoryTM 3.0 Diabetes Module (PedsQLTM 3.0 DM) was used to evaluate the D-HRQOL. Data on diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at T1D onset, insulin therapy, and glycosylate hemoglobin (HbA1c) were also collected.
Results: Group A (n=40), compared to Group B (n=85), had higher frequency of DKA at T1D onset (p<0.001) and a lower use of sensor augmented insulin pump (p=0.015). HbA1c values were higher in Group A than in Group B (p<0.001). Patients' "Diabetes symptoms" (p=0.004), "Treatment barriers" (p=0.001), and "Worry" (p=0.009) scales scores were lower in Group A than in Group B. Mothers of Group A had lower scores in "Diabetes symptoms" (p=0.030), "Treatment barriers" (p<0.001), "Treatment adherence" (p=0.018), "Communication" (p=0.009) scales, and total score (p=0.011) compared to the Group B ones. High PedsQLTM 3.0 DM was significantly associated with being Italian, being pre-pubertal, and having lower HbA1c mean levels.
Conclusions: Being a migrant confers disadvantages in terms of D-HRQOL and metabolic control in children and adolescents with T1D. Specific educational interventions should be considered in the clinical care of patients with migration background, to improve D-HRQOL and health status
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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