1,720,995 research outputs found
KPC January 1997
No full textKibale Party Composition files from 1997-1-1 to 1997-1-31 includes 24 files. Access to these files is restricted. Please contact Dr. Zarin Machanda ([email protected]) for permission
KPC September 1997
No full textKibale Party Composition files from 1997-9-1 to 1997-9-30 includes 55 files. Access to these files is restricted. Please contact Dr. Zarin Machanda ([email protected]) for permission
KPC January 1997
No full textKibale Party Composition files from 1997-1-1 to 1997-1-31 includes 24 files. Access to these files is restricted. Please contact Dr. Zarin Machanda ([email protected]) for permission
KPC September 1997
No full textKibale Party Composition files from 1997-9-1 to 1997-9-30 includes 55 files. Access to these files is restricted. Please contact Dr. Zarin Machanda ([email protected]) for permission
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The Evolution of Social Intelligence in Macaques
No full textPrimates lead complex social lives, and this complexity is thought to drive the evolution of social intelligence, including social cognitive abilities that are thought to be especially sophisticated in humans. However, it remains unclear (1) how different social styles promote the emergence of these abilities, and (2) how social cognition alters naturalistic patterns of social behavior. My PhD research examines the social cognition and social behavior of two closely related primate species that have different social styles—despotic rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) and socially tolerant Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus), to characterize the processes shaping social cognition and test several major hypotheses about the evolutionary contexts that support the emergence of complex cognition.
The first focus of my dissertation is to characterize complex social cognition in primates. In Chapters 2 and 3, I assess whether rhesus and Barbary macaques––like humans––have a sophisticated understanding of others’ gaze, that accounts for their line-of-sight. In Chapter 4, I further assess whether rhesus macaques are sensitive to gaze as a communicative cue, which has been proposed to have been especially important during human evolution (Csibra & Gergely, 2011). Finally, I review evidence for different social cognitive abilities across primates in Chapter 6, and argue that human-unique social cognitive abilities may be linked to cooperation.
The second focus of my dissertation is to test the role of social style in promoting sophisticated social cognition. In particular, while much work on primate social cognition has suggested that high rates of social competition drive social cognitive evolution (Byrne & Whiten, 1989; Dunbar, 1998), other work has argued that tolerance promotes sophisticated social cognition––and that despotic primate species are actually constrained to utilizing sophisticated social abilities within competitive contexts (Hare, 2001; Lyons & Santos, 2006).
Chapters 2, 3, and 5 test these hypotheses, by assessing whether despotic rhesus macaques can flexibly use a sophisticated understanding of others’ gaze even in a non-competitive context (Chapter 2), testing whether tolerant Barbary macaques or rhesus macaques show greater skill in this task (Chapter 3), and examining the link between social behavior and cognition (Chapter 5).
The final focus of my thesis is to examine how social cognition predicts natural social behavior. The social intelligence hypothesis posits that primate sociality selected for cognitive skills which allow individuals to respond adaptively to others’ behavior (Byrne & Whiten, 1989; Hare, 2017; Humphrey, 1976; Jolly, 1966), yet has not been empirically tested despite intense theoretical interest. In Chapter 5, I utilize a novel approach that combines both experimental assessments of cognitive abilities with naturalistic social behavior upon Barbary macaques. I then contrast three influential hypotheses about the relationship between intelligence and behavior: (1) does social intelligence enable interaction with a larger number of individuals (Dunbar 1998); (2) does social intelligence facilitate strong social bonds or other prosocial behavior (Cheney, Seyfarth, and Smuts 1986; Hare 2017; Dunbar and Shultz 2007); and (3) does social intelligence facilitate sophisticated competitive behavior? (Byrne and Whiten 1989).
Overall, this dissertation examines the evolution of social intelligence in macaques, by contrasting cognition and behavior across two closely related species that vary in social tolerance. This will provide new insights into how complex social intelligence evolves across species, including humans.PhDPsychologyUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/171364/1/rbettle_1.pd
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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