1,721,004 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Impacts of Rift Valley Fever virus: a One Health approach to assess burden and inform prevention and control options
Full text linkBackground: Rift Valley Fever (RVF) is a climate-sensitive emerging zoonotic disease associated with large-scale livestock production losses and human disease burden in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East. While recognized as a key One Health issue based on its transmission dynamics involving human, animal and environmental determinants, there has been poor coordination between sectors to reduce the risk and impact of RVF. Efforts to counter the disease remain largely reactive, presenting an ongoing threat to local and global health security. The intent of this dissertation was to improve understanding of the burden of RVF across society and to identify entry points for practical and cost-effective interventions at global, national, and local scales.
Methods: For Aim 1, we quantified global impacts using official and unofficial reports of human and animal disease and deaths from RVF. We assessed univariate correlation between RVF reporting and broad country-level predictor variables for African nations and describe country development characteristics as well as review major capacity and implementation gaps. In Aim 2, we conducted the first national cost analysis for RVF in South Africa, utilizing a One Health approach to combine data from multiple sectors (agriculture, health, environment, tourism, and finance) and identify the type, magnitude, and distribution of expenditures and losses in outbreaks and inter-epidemic periods between 2003-2018. Aim 3 focuses on actionable policy recommendations, using a survey on RVF prevention and control practices and willingness to pay (WTP) measures to improve understanding of economic behaviors of farm owners, the primary decision-maker for RVF vaccine uptake, in South Africa’s Free State and Northern Cape provinces.
Results: In Aim 1, we find that a total of 5,228 suspected human cases and 987 deaths, and 72,960 animal cases and 17,810 deaths, were officially reported in 32 countries between 2000-2019. Of the twelve country-level predictor variables assessed, a higher number of RVF publications was significantly associated with higher odds of official reporting of RVF 2000-2019 (OR=1.5), whereas higher level of political stability and absence of violence was protective against RVF reporting (OR=.39), as was higher percentage of population with access to electricity (OR=.97) (all p\u3c.05). On average, countries reporting RVF in Africa have high dependence on livestock, and face major economic, infrastructure, and capacity deficits, which can be expected to affect implementation and efficacy of RVF prevention, detection and response campaign. In Aim 2, we find that between 2003-2018, RVF was associated with at least US727.23 per year. Higher mean WTP to avoid animal losses from RVF was significantly associated with higher number of domestic animals and wool farming (p\u3c.05). There was also a significant difference in WTP to vaccinate herds against RVFbased on level of risk of RVF circulating in mosquitoes in their province or farm (p\u3c.000). Most farms indicated they would take measures other than or in addition to vaccination if they thought risk of RVF was high in their province, including insecticide/dip (90.65%) and antibiotics (28.04%). Several barriers and enablers were identified for uptake of livestock vaccination against RVF. Among the barriers, approximately half the farms thought vaccine supply was sufficient in general, whereas less than one-fourth thought it was sufficient during an outbreak.
Discussion: Over the past two decades, RVF has affected multiple continents. The lack of a comprehensive reporting system for animal and human disease burden makes tracking official estimates challenging. A comparison to published estimates suggests wide under-reporting of RVF. In terms of prevention and control practices, affected countries face several major economic, capacity, and infrastructure barriers that may affect uptake and effectiveness of vaccination. Encouragingly, from our national- and farm-level analyses in South Africa, we find that there is some existing investment in RVF in interepidemic periods, and that there may be supply and demand-side practices that may be supported by low-cost or multi-disease interventions, such as enhanced risk communication and tracking of vaccine availability. Our findings can be paired with further willingness to pay studies of other payer groups to identify optimal resource allocation options. Future macro- and micro-costing studies can improve precision of data inputs. While the need for a One Health approach has been articulated for improved understanding of the risks of RVF, our findings demonstrate how a One Health lens also has utility in assessing impacts to identify a broader range of affected stakeholders and inform coordinated action to address both animal and human disease and wider societal impacts
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
