1,720,965 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Leveraging Microvillus Inclusion Disease Causing Patient Mutations to Investigate Myosin 5B Motor Function
No full textMicrovillus Inclusion Disease (MVID) is a rare neonatal congenital diarrheal disorder. Mutations in the unconventional myosin, Myosin 5b (MYO5B) cause MVID. These MYO5B mutations, which cause loss of function, lead to the mis-trafficking of apical components in enterocytes, resulting in congenital diarrhea and the mislocalization of apical components. MVID can manifest in two phenotypes: in both the intestine and the liver or the liver alone. Many previous studies have utilized MYO5B knockout mouse models to help elucidate the pathology of MVID; however, many patients have missense mutations that lead to the expression of a dysfunctional MYO5B. The mechanisms by which these point mutations lead to a broad spectrum of disease severity and the development of two distinct disease phenotypes are still not fully understood. To investigate the effect of MVID patient mutations on the function of the MYO5B motor domain, I developed an in-cell assay to evaluate MYO5B motor function independent of cargo binding. This was done by tagging a truncation version of MYO5B containing only the motor head, neck, and a small portion of the coiled-coiled domain, with a triple tandem citrine repeat. This construct was then introduced into LLC-PK1-CL4 cells that produce microvilli, and I was able to use confocal imaging and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) to evaluate the effect of mutations on motor function. The patient mutations demonstrated a range of effects in these assays, from rigor-like behavior (P660L) to loss of actin-binding (I408F). Additionally, analysis of FRAP turnover kinetics suggests that some mutations impact the MYO5B actin binding kinetics. Collectively, the findings of my work indicate that patient mutations affect the MYO5B motor domain in diverse ways, consistent with the spectrum of phenotypes observed in patients
Regulation of glucose transporter trafficking in response to changing glucose availability
No full textGlucose transporters are principal gatekeepers of cellular glucose metabolism. Understanding mechanisms that regulate their activity, trafficking, and degradation can provide insight into physiological regulation of glucose homeostasis and diseases that arise from dysregulation of glucose transport. Glucose is known to stimulate endocytic clearance of the human glucose transporter GLUT1, but once internalized the mechanisms that regulate its trafficking itineraries are not well understood. Here, we report that increased glucose availability triggers lysosomal trafficking of GLUT1 in HeLa cells, with a subpopulation of GLUT1 routed through ESCRT-associated late endosomal compartments. This itinerary requires the arrestin-like protein TXNIP, which interacts with both clathrin and E3 ubiquitin ligases to promote GLUT1 lysosomal trafficking. We also find that glucose stimulates GLUT1 ubiquitylation, which in turn promotes GLUT1 lysosomal trafficking. Our results suggest excess glucose first stimulates TXNIP-mediated endocytosis of GLUT1 and, subsequently, ubiquitylation to promote trafficking to the lysosome. Our findings underscore how complex coordination of multiple regulators is required for fine tuning of GLUT1 stability at the cell surface
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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