1,720,989 research outputs found
Apogonidae Gunther 1859
No full textKey to the subfamilies of Apogonidae 1 Two dorsal fins, I, 8–13 in second dorsal fin; first dorsal spines all with uneven lengths............................... 2 - Single dorsal fin, VI,19; spines III–VI similar lengths................................................. Paxtoninae 2 Supramaxilla small or absent, if large, dorsal fin VI–I,9–10.................................................... 3 - Supramaxilla large, dorsal fin VII or VIII–I,9–10................................................... Amioidinae 3 A single lateral line when scales present or absent; if scales absent, lateral line composed of free neuromasts.... Apogoninae - Double lateral lines, first pored or notched from posttemporal, second abdominal with only notched scales..... PseudamiinaePublished as part of Mabuchi, Kohji, Fraser, Thomas H., Song, Hayeun, Azuma, Yoichiro & Nishida, Mutsumi, 2014, Revision of the systematics of the cardinalfishes (Percomorpha: Apogonidae) based on molecular analyses and comparative reevaluation of morphological characters, pp. 151-203 in Zootaxa 3846 (2) on page 174, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3846.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/492854
FIGURE 1 in Revision of the systematics of the cardinalfishes (Percomorpha: Apogonidae) based on molecular analyses and comparative reevaluation of morphological characters
No full textFIGURE 1. Family Apogonidae. The history of genera and species from Linnaeus (1758) to February 2014 described in the literature. Fifty percent of the nominal genera/subgenera were described after 1932. Fifty percent of the nominal species were described after 1911 (solid lines). Fifty percent of the valid genera and species were both described after 1917 (dashed lines). The data are based on information in Eschmeyer (2014): http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/ fishcatmain.asp. accessed 4 February 2014, and from unpublished information by T.H. Fraser.Published as part of Mabuchi, Kohji, Fraser, Thomas H., Song, Hayeun, Azuma, Yoichiro & Nishida, Mutsumi, 2014, Revision of the systematics of the cardinalfishes (Percomorpha: Apogonidae) based on molecular analyses and comparative reevaluation of morphological characters, pp. 151-203 in Zootaxa 3846 (2) on page 154, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3846.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/492854
Lepidamiini Fraser & Mabuchi 2014
No full textTribe Lepidamiini new name Fraser & Mabuchi Type genus Lepidamia Gill 1863 Diagnosis. Members of the Apogoninae: dorsal fin VII(I)-I,9 or VIII-I,9; anal fin II,8; head and body with ctenoid scales; pored lateral-line scales 35–48; preopercle ridge smooth, edges serrate; three supraneurals; supramaxilla absent; basisphenoid present; one pair of reduced uroneurals present; three epurals; five free hypurals; parhypural separate; two autogenous haemal spines; two supernumerary dorsal spines, caudal fin forked. Other characteristics. first fin ray in second dorsal fin branched and segmented; first anal-fin ray branched and segmented; ctenoid scales on predorsal, cheek, breast, four pelvic scales, and body; ctenoid scales on opercle and onto base of caudal fin; pored lateral-line scales with multiple pores; 15 branched, upper and lower unbranched; developed gill rakers 8–17; unbranched procurrent rays, longest segmented; 10+14 vertebrae; 8 ribs; 9 epipleurals; teeth in multiple rows on premaxilla, dentary, vomer, palatine, all villiform; six infraorbitals, bony shelf on third infraorbital; stomach and intestine pale, peritoneum pale; low crest on PU2. Distribution. Lepidamia with four species has been collected only from continental marine waters from South Africa to China (Gon 1995). Members of this tribe have not been collected in Australia or New Guinea. One specimen (USNM 175754, 96 mm SL) was collected in 1909 from Manila Bay, Luzon, Philippines. None have been reported elsewhere in the Philippines or again from Manila Bay. Perhaps the location is erroneous. Remarks. We did not have tissue from any species. Based on known morphological characters including color patterns of the juveniles and adults, body shape and small body scales, we recognized Lepidamia in its own tribe for the present.Published as part of Mabuchi, Kohji, Fraser, Thomas H., Song, Hayeun, Azuma, Yoichiro & Nishida, Mutsumi, 2014, Revision of the systematics of the cardinalfishes (Percomorpha: Apogonidae) based on molecular analyses and comparative reevaluation of morphological characters, pp. 151-203 in Zootaxa 3846 (2) on page 183, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3846.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/492854
Siphamiini Smith 1955
No full textTribe Siphamiini Smith 1955 Type genus Siphamia Weber 1909 Diagnosis. Members of the Apogoninae: dorsal fin VI–VII + I,7–11; anal fin II,7–11; pored lateral-line scales 0–24; preopercular ridge smooth, edges smooth to serrate; supraneurals 1–2; supramaxilla absent; basisphenoid absent; uroneurals absent; two epurals; hypurals 1+2 and 3+4 fused into two plates, upper plate fused to terminal centrum; parhypural separate; one or two supernumerary dorsal spines; caudal fin emarginate or forked; bacteria bioluminescent system from hyal region to along body above or past anal-fin base. Other characteristics. first segmented fin-ray in second dorsal-fin branched, first anal-fin ray branched and segmented; ctenoid, cycloid or spinoid scales; median predorsal scales 0–6; pectoral rays 11–16; segmented principal caudal rays 9+8, 15 branched, upper and lower unbranched; unbranched procurrent rays, longest segmented; villiform teeth in one or multiple rows on premaxilla, dentary, vomer, palatine, or absent on palatine; developed gill rakers 6–18; lateral-line scales usually with a vertical row of free neuromasts; six infraorbitals, bony shelf on third infraorbital; anterior ceratohyal smooth or notched; developed gill rakers 10–26; 10+14 vertebrae; 8 ribs; 8 epipleurals; stomach, intestine and peritoneum generally pale with variously sized melanophores; low crest on PU2. Distribution. Representatives of the tribe are found from East Africa, Red Sea, islands in the Indian Ocean, throughout the West Pacific to Japan, onto the Pacific Plate to French Polynesia and Australia (Gon & Allen 2012). Remarks. This tribe contains one genus Siphamia, corresponding to the clade VII in the molecular trees (Figs. 2–6, Table 4). All species of Siphamia have bioluminescent bacteria in a specialized organ (a synapomorphy for the species) unique among apogonines. Smith (1955) proposed placing species of Siphamia in its own subfamily Siphamiinae. Our results based on analysis of five of the twenty-three species suggest that Siphamia roseigaster Ramsay & Ogilby 1887 could be recognized in its own genus Adenapogon McCulloch 1921, because it was placed relatively far from the remaining species. Gon & Allen's (2012) results based on morphology suggest that two other Australian species belong in Adenapogon and that Fodifoa Whitley 1936 is available for another group of species. We defer to Ofer Gon who is continuing to work on relationships within this tribe (Gon & Allen 2012).Published as part of Mabuchi, Kohji, Fraser, Thomas H., Song, Hayeun, Azuma, Yoichiro & Nishida, Mutsumi, 2014, Revision of the systematics of the cardinalfishes (Percomorpha: Apogonidae) based on molecular analyses and comparative reevaluation of morphological characters, pp. 151-203 in Zootaxa 3846 (2) on pages 185-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3846.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/492854
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Veruluxini Fraser & Mabuchi 2014
No full textTribe Veruluxini new name Fraser & Mabuchi Type genus Verulux Fraser 1972 Diagnosis. Members of the Apogoninae: dorsal fin VI–I,9; anal fin II,9; head and body with weakly ctenoid or cycloid scales; pored lateral-line scales 24; preopercle ridge smooth, edges smooth; one supraneural; supramaxilla absent; basisphenoid present; uroneurals absent; two epurals; fused hypurals 1+2+3+4, fused to terminal centrum; no autogenous haemal spines; one supernumerary dorsal spine; bioluminescent organ under cleithrum; caudal fin forked. Other characteristics. first segmented fin-ray in second dorsal-fin branched, first anal fin-ray branched and segmented; 9+8 segmented principal caudal rays, 15 branched, upper and lower unbranched; developed gill rakers 12–15; unbranched procurrent rays, longest segmented; pectoral fin-rays 14–16; 10+14 vertebrae; 8 ribs; 5–6 epipleurals; teeth in one row on premaxilla, dentary, vomer, palatine, all villiform, or absent on palatine; six infraorbitals, bony shelf absent on third infraorbital; stomach and intestine black with silvery peritoneum; low crest on PU2. Distribution. The single described species is known from East Africa, Red Sea, islands in the Indian Ocean, throughout the West Pacific to Japan, onto the Pacific Plate to Marshall Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia and Australia. Remarks. This tribe contains only one species, Verulux cypselurus, corresponding to the clade V in the molecular trees (Figs. 2–6, Table 4). Representatives of Verulux (two individuals from Ryukyu Islands and Seychelles) were monophyletic separated by a moderate genetic distance, which may indicate presence of cryptic species. This lineage was recovered far from Rhabdamia (tribe Rhabdamiini), although their monophyly (genus Rhabdamia sensu Fraser 1972) was not rejected by AU test (H05 in Table 6). The single described species has a bioluminescent organ under cleithrum unlike Rhabdamia.Published as part of Mabuchi, Kohji, Fraser, Thomas H., Song, Hayeun, Azuma, Yoichiro & Nishida, Mutsumi, 2014, Revision of the systematics of the cardinalfishes (Percomorpha: Apogonidae) based on molecular analyses and comparative reevaluation of morphological characters, pp. 151-203 in Zootaxa 3846 (2) on page 187, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3846.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/492854
Pristiapogonini Fraser & Mabuchi 2014
No full textTribe Pristiapogonini new name Fraser & Mabuchi Type genus Pristiapogon Klunzinger 1870 Diagnosis. Members of the Apogoninae: dorsal fin VI+I,9 or VII+I,9; anal fin II,8; head and body with ctenoid scales; pored lateral-line scales 23–25; preopercle ridge serrate, edges serrate; infraorbitals serrate; three supraneurals; supramaxilla absent; basisphenoid present; one pair of uroneurals or absent; three epurals; five free hypurals; parhypural separate; one or two supernumerary dorsal spines; caudal fin forked. Other characteristics. first segmented fin-ray in second dorsal-fin branched, first anal-fin ray branched and segmented; ctenoid scales on predorsal, cheek, breast, two pelvic scales, and body; ctenoid scales on opercle and onto base of caudal fin; pored lateral-line scales with multiple pores; pectoral fin-rays 12–16; 9+8 segmented principal caudal rays, 15 branched, upper and lower unbranched; unbranched procurrent rays, longest segmented; teeth in one or multiple rows on premaxilla, dentary, vomer, palatine, all villiform or absent on palatine; six infraorbitals, bony shelf on third infraorbital; anterior ceratohyal smooth or notched; developed gill rakers 10–19; 10+14 vertebrae; 8 ribs; 8 epipleurals; low crest on PU2. Distribution. Pristiapogon is wide spread from East Africa, Red Sea, Indian Ocean Islands, Indonesia, Philippines, Pacific islands to Hawaii, Japan, French Polynesia and Australia. One species of Pristicon Fraser 1972 is restricted to the West Pacific. Another species reaches out to some islands on the Pacific Plate. One species of Pristicon has been reported from the west coast of India, with a gap between India and Indonesia (Suresh & Thomas 2007). Remarks. This tribe contains two genera, Pristiapogon and Pristicon, corresponding to the clade VI in the molecular trees (Figs. 2–6, Table 4). Although bootstrap values supporting the tribe were not so high (62 and 56% BPs in ML and MP analyses, respectively), this tribe is morphologically well-defined: relatively large body with serrations on the preopercle ridge (a likely synapomorphy), edges and infraorbitals (a likely synapomorphy). Species of Pristiapogon usually have a darkish single stripe and/or a variable basicaudal spot while Pristicon have bars or saddles under the dorsal fins and spots at the base of the caudal fin or on the opercle.Published as part of Mabuchi, Kohji, Fraser, Thomas H., Song, Hayeun, Azuma, Yoichiro & Nishida, Mutsumi, 2014, Revision of the systematics of the cardinalfishes (Percomorpha: Apogonidae) based on molecular analyses and comparative reevaluation of morphological characters, pp. 151-203 in Zootaxa 3846 (2) on page 184, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3846.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/492854
Cheilodipterini Bleeker 1856
No full textTribe Cheilodipterini Bleeker 1856b Type genus Cheilodipterus Lacepède 1801 Diagnosis. Members of the Apogoninae: VI+I,9; anal fin II,8; head and body with ctenoid scales; pored lateral-line scales 24–26; canine teeth on premaxilla and dentary; preopercle ridge smooth, edges serrate; three supraneurals; reduced supramaxilla; one pair of uroneurals; three epurals; five free hypurals; free parhypural; caudal fin forked or emarginate; dark stripes on head and body, no stripes in second dorsal or anal fin, basicaudal dark spot, band or no spot. Other characteristics. one supernumerary dorsal spine; branched first segmented dorsal and anal ray; ctenoid scales on predorsal, cheek, breast, two pelvic scales, and body; ctenoid scale on opercle and onto base of caudal fin; pored lateral-line scales with multiple pores; pectoral fin-rays 11–14; three supraneurals; 9+8 segmented principal caudal rays, 15 branched, upper and lower unbranched; unbranched procurrent rays, longest segmented; villiform teeth on vomer and palatine; six infraorbitals, bony shelf on third infraorbital; basisphenoid present; anterior ceratohyal smooth or notched; 10+14 vertebrae; 8 ribs; 7–8 epineurals; stomach and intestine pale with pale peritoneum; low crest on PU2. Distribution. Cheilodipterus is widespread throughout the Indo-Pacific from the Red Sea, East Africa to Japan and French Polynesia following Gon (1993). There have been several short-lived efforts to subdivide this genus with several names proposed (Cheilodipterops Schultz 1940; Desmoamia Fowler & Bean 1930; Paramia Bleeker 1863). More molecular analysis among the 17 species should provide insight to relationships not apparent in the five species we sampled. Remarks. This tribe contains one genus, Cheilodipterus, corresponding to the clade X in the molecular trees (Figs. 2–6, Table 4). Canine or caninoid teeth on the premaxilla and dentary, a reduced supramaxilla, a single supernumerary dorsal spine, stripes on body and a diffuse or solid basicaudal spot in most species often with some surrounding yellow are characteristics of this tribe. Cheilodipteroidei, as a family, was recognized by Bleeker (1856b). Schultz (1940) recognized the Cheilodipteridae, but as a broad grouping of a number of families. Smith (1961) and Norman (1966) recognized this group as a subfamily Cheilodipterinae including Coranthus Smith 1961 (now Amioides) and Paramia Bleeker 1863 (now Cheilodipterus). Monophyly of Amioides and Cheilodipterus was significantly rejected by AU test (H13; Table 6). The shape and position of the reduced supramaxilla (see Fraser 1972) and canine or caninoid teeth are synapomorphies.Published as part of Mabuchi, Kohji, Fraser, Thomas H., Song, Hayeun, Azuma, Yoichiro & Nishida, Mutsumi, 2014, Revision of the systematics of the cardinalfishes (Percomorpha: Apogonidae) based on molecular analyses and comparative reevaluation of morphological characters, pp. 151-203 in Zootaxa 3846 (2) on page 180, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3846.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/492854
Zoramiini Fraser & Mabuchi 2014
No full textTribe Zoramiini new name Fraser & Mabuchi Type genus Zoramia Jordan 1917 Diagnosis. Members of the Apogoninae: dorsal fin VI–I,9; anal fin II,8–9; head and body with ctenoid scales; pored lateral-line scales 24; preopercle ridge smooth, edges serrate; three supraneurals; supramaxilla absent; basisphenoid present; anterior pair of uroneurals; three epurals; five free hypurals; parhypural separate; two autogenous haemal spines; one supernumerary dorsal spine; caudal fin forked. Other characteristics. first segmented fin-ray in second dorsal-fin branched, first anal-fin ray branched and segmented; second dorsal spine longest, very long and filamentous in some species of both genera; ctenoid scales on predorsal, cheek, breast, two pelvic scales, and body; ctenoid scales on opercle and onto base of caudal fin; cycloid or ctenoid predorsal scales1–3; pored lateral-line scales simple with one pore above and one below midline; pectoral-fin rays 13–17; 9+8 segmented principal caudal rays, 15 branched, upper and lower unbranched; developed gill rakers 7–38; unbranched procurrent rays, longest segmented; 10+14 vertebrae; 8 ribs; 7–8 epipleurals; teeth in one, two or multiple rows on premaxilla, dentary, vomer, palatine, all villiform; six infraorbitals, bony shelf absent or on third infraorbital; stomach and intestine black with silvery peritoneum; low crest on PU2. Distribution. Species of Zoramia are known from East Africa, Red Sea, islands in the Indian Ocean, throughout the West Pacific to Japan, onto the Pacific Plate to Marshall Islands, Samoa, Tonga, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia and Australia. Species of Fibramia are known from East Africa, some islands in the Indian Ocean, Sri Lanka, throughout the West Pacific to Philippines, Solomon Islands, Santa Cruz Islands, Fiji, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Australia, Samoa and Tonga. Remarks. This tribe contains two genera, a new genus Fibramia described below and Zoramia, corresponding to the clade VIII in the molecular trees (Figs. 2–6, Table 4). Both genera have species with elongate second dorsal spine, a single supernumerary dorsal spine, and can be found in tidal fresh and brackish water, near shore waters and in lagoons. Fibramia corresponds to the clade of Ostorhinchus - 4 in the present study, and that of Ostorhinchus I in Mabuchi et al. (2006).Published as part of Mabuchi, Kohji, Fraser, Thomas H., Song, Hayeun, Azuma, Yoichiro & Nishida, Mutsumi, 2014, Revision of the systematics of the cardinalfishes (Percomorpha: Apogonidae) based on molecular analyses and comparative reevaluation of morphological characters, pp. 151-203 in Zootaxa 3846 (2) on pages 187-188, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3846.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/492854
- …
