1,720,959 research outputs found
Isolation of Escherichia Coli and Staphylococcus Aureus in Surface Water Sources in Katabi Subcounty, Wakiso District.
Full text linkBackground:
Unsafe water, inadequate sanitation, and insufficient hygiene account for an estimated 9.1 percent of the global burden of disease and 6.3 percent of all deaths. This study aimed to isolate Escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus in surface water sources in Katabi Subcounty, Wakiso District. The specific objectives were to isolate E.coli and Staphylococcus aureus in water sources in the Katabi sub-county and to determine the physico-chemical parameters of the water sources.
Methodology:
A cross-sectional and snowball sampling method was applied while collecting water samples from the wells, boreholes, and other groundwater in the selected areas of Wakiso District (Katabi division, and Kajjasi division).
Results:
A total of 34 (n=34) water samples were obtained including borehole water 61.8% (n1=21/34), spring water 11.8% (n2=4/34) and open well water 26.4% (n3=9/34). Freshwater samples were directly analyzed from the water source for pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen, then different means of physic-chemical parameters were recorded, Mean temperature for open well water was 23.5°C±1.092, pH=5.21±0.432, and dissolved oxygen was 4.075±1. 555). The mean temperature for spring water was 22.98°C±0.907, pH=5.7± 0.781, and dissolved oxygen was 4.075±1.555. For borehole water, the mean temperature was 22.9°C±1.339, pH=5.7±1.441, and dissolved oxygen was 4.9±1.549). A total of 10 samples fermented MSA after overnight incubation at 37°C changing the media color from pink to yellow, borehole water samples were 60% (6), spring water samples were 20% (2) and open well water samples were 20% (2). Also, S. saprophyticus 76.9% (10) and S.epidermidis 23.1% (3) were identified.
Conclusion and recommendation:
All the samples analyzed did not show growth of E.coli and S.aureus but had other organisms including S.saprophyticus and S.epidermidis which could be harmful to human health when consumed.
Further investigation of possible pathogenic organisms that are present in drinking water under the acidic pH should be done
Antibiotic resistance patterns of bacterial isolates from raw milk sold in coolers in Kawuku, Entebbe, Wakiso district.
Full text linkBackground:
Milk is an essential animal-derived food that provides proteins, vitamins, and minerals vital for human growth and metabolism. However, raw milk is a major vehicle for foodborne pathogens. This study aimed to determine the resistance patterns of pathogenic bacterial species in raw milk sold in coolers in Kawuku Entebbe Wakiso District.
Methodology:
This laboratory-based cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance patterns in raw milk sold from coolers in Kawuku. A total of 20 raw milk samples were aseptically collected from selected milk stalls between January and February 2025 and analyzed using standard microbiological techniques. Bacterial identification was carried out through culture, Gram staining, and biochemical tests, while antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method in accordance with CLSI guidelines.
Results:
Staphylococcus saprophyticus (23.3%) and Escherichia coli (16.7%) were the most prevalent pathogens, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis (10.0% each). Other bacteria, including S. aureus, E. faecalis, and Citrobacter freundii, were also detected in varying proportions. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing demonstrated high resistance to Cefoxitin (CX5), Tetracycline (TE30), and Penicillin G (P10), while Ciprofloxacin (CIP5), Vancomycin (VA30), and Levofloxacin (LEV15) exhibited higher efficacy. Resistance patterns varied significantly across organisms and media types, with Gram-negative isolates showing more resistance to commonly used antibiotics.
Conclusion:
Raw milk sold in Kawuku is contaminated with multiple pathogenic bacteria exhibiting significant antimicrobial resistance.
Recommendation:
Further molecular-level studies are recommended to understand the genetic mechanisms driving resistance
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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