1,720,960 research outputs found
The effect of the policy mix of green credit and government subsidy on environmental innovation
No full textWe examine to what extent ‘policy mix’ of green credit policy and government subsidy affects high-quality environmental innovation of high-polluting firms. The green credit policy is a special environmental regulation that guides the distribution of credit from banks. Using the difference-in-difference method, we find that Green Credit Guidelines (GCGs) have a negative impact on the high-quality environmental innovation of high-polluting firms in China. However, the negative relationship between GCGs and high-quality environmental innovation depends on the level of government subsidy. Subsidies can effectively correct the negative impact of GCGs. The mechanism analysis shows that GCGs hinder high-quality environmental innovation through two channels: (1) increase in compliance costs and (2) lack of long-term bank credit that supports environmental innovation. Government subsidies can play a moderating role in the second channel
Building trust after pollution emergency: A strategic perspective on corporate social responsibility
No full textWe use extreme regional pollution emergencies to provide new evidence regarding the motivations for corporate social responsibility (CSR). We document that local firms strategically improve CSR to build trust following pollution emergencies, and this is specifically true for highly polluting firms. Firms face different intensities of external pressure from their stakeholders. In particular, following pollution emergencies, political dependency, institutional investors and public monitoring are the main sources of stakeholder pressure and drivers of the increased CSR. We further find that firms that gain trust through CSR activities after pollution emergencies are rewarded. CSR serves as a buffer against financial constraints, financing distress and the negative profitability effect following emergencies. This study contributes to the CSR literature on trust-building-motivated CSR strategies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Information Encoding and Retrieval in Photonic Systems
No full textPhotonics is an enabling technology for information communication and is of profound importance in the evolution of information processing. The expeditious proliferation of high volume data applications in recent years further advances photonics from traditional fiber-optic communications to be either the de facto interconnect technology among computing systems, or an emerging solution to active research fields such as neuromorphic photonics. Photonics aims to address new challenges arising in these fields with innovative information encoding and retrieval mechanisms.
This thesis starts off discussing novel information encoding and retrieval in traditional fiber-optic communications against security concerns over eavesdropping. Conventional digital cryptography techniques encode data into unreadable codes, but still expose the existence of communication through metadata information. Instead, we propose a steganographic communication scheme to hide the existence of optical communications itself, i.e., optical steganography. We present the first practical steganographic communication system between real computers over long-distance fiber-optic links, and rigorous security evaluations against stealth signal detection.
This dissertation then moves on to investigate spike coding, a coding mechanism which benefits from both the bandwidth efficiency of analog pulse encoding and from the digital on/off nature of the spikes. We realize the demand for photonic platform to interface with commonly used digital systems, and present an all-optical digital-to-spike conversion scheme at a single graphene excitable laser. Moreover, we identify the lack of inhibition capability in current brain-inspired photonic hardware, and enable simultaneous excitatory and inhibitory dynamics within a graphene excitable laser. These efforts further lead to the construction of spike-based logic gates and their application to optical encryption of data-carrying spike sequence.
This dissertation also puts an unequivocal emphasis on studying an analog photonic approach to address blind source separation problem. State-of-the-art digital approaches digitize redundant multi-dimensional inputs and lacks tunability across multiple frequency bands. We design and fabricate a photonic chip that is capable of processing multi-channel inputs and performing source separation as an analog front-end. Furthermore, we develop novel moment observation algorithms for a variety of multivariate photonic applications. Eventually, we demonstrate a practical blind source separation pipeline for multi-antenna systems receiving microwave signals transmitted over the air
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