1,720,953 research outputs found
Approches expérimentales de la perception, de l évaluation et des relations intergroupes (catholiques traditionnels, catholiques charismatiques et pentecôtistes du Cameroun)
No full textTour de Babel ou plutôt communauté culturelle (Raymond Mbédé), le Cameroun offre à la description et à l analyse un chatoiement social complexe. C est notamment le cas pour les principaux groupements chrétiens qui s y côtoient, qui y collaborent et qui, quelquefois, s y interrogent sur les façons de penser et de vivre des uns et des autres. C est précisément la façon dont les membres de ces diverses appartenances se perçoivent entre eux qui fait l objet de cette thèse. L auteur explique pourquoi il réfère les Catholiques dits traditionnels au modèle de ce que l on a appelé une orthodoxie : système hautement institutionnalisé et à régulation sociale forte (Jean-Pierre Deconchy) ; pourquoi il considère les Pentecôtistes comme relevant de ce que l on a appelé une protestation externe : contre-système probablement en voie de ré-orthodoxisation ; pourquoi il considère les Catholiques dits charismatiques comme relevant de ce que l on appelé une protestation interne (Joachim Wach). L auteur procède à une large analyse internationale des travaux de psychologie sociale qui portent sur la perception, l évaluation et les relations intergroupes.Pour évaluer le bien-fondé de l articulation entre cette typologie et ces travaux de psychologie sociale, il réalise trois expérimentations, entièrement implantées au Cameroun. La première travaille à établir comment les membres des trois appartenances perçoivent les régulations sociales adoptées par les autres groupes, en regard de leur propre système de régulation (N=270). La seconde essaie de comprendre, à propos de l occupation d un espace commun, comment les uns et les autres organisent la défense de leur identité en fonction de la menace que représenterait un autre groupe (N=900). La troisième se demande comment, dans les trois appartenances, leurs membres sont disponibles à l idée de reformuler les énoncés religieux de base qu ils adoptent sans réserve- en vue de les ajuster à une société nouvelle (N=216).The Tower of Babel or rather cultural community (Raymond Mbédé), Cameroon offers to this description and analysis an amazing social complexity. This is the case for the principal Christian groups which interact, collaborate and sometimes wonder about their different ways of thinking and social life. The way that the various members of these different groups experience each other is precisely the subject of the present thesis.The author explains why he refers traditional Catholics to the theoretical model known as orthodoxy which is highly institutionalized with a strong social regulating system (Jean-Pierre Deconchy); why he considers Pentecotists as related to what has been called external protestation , a counter system probably tending towards re-orthodoxization ; and why he considers the so called charismatic Catholics as related to what has been called internal protestation (Joachim Wach). The author also makes an extensive international analysis of several psychosocial studies which impact on themes such as perception, evaluation and intergroup relationships.To evaluate the basis of articulation between this typology and studies in social psychology, the author undertook three experiments, all realized in Cameroon. The first study establishes how members of the three groups perceive social regulations adopted by other groups in view of their own system of regulation (N= 270). The second attempts to understand the occupation of common territorial space and how each of the groups organises the defence of its identity with regard to the danger the other groups represent (N = 900). The third questions how in the three groups members are accessible to the idea of modifying their basic religious beliefs (that they adopt without reservation) in order to adjust to new social contexts (N = 216).NANTERRE-BU PARIS10 (920502102) / SudocSudocFranceF
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Role of Beliefs in Predicting Smoking Behaviour: a Study of Comparative Optimism in Cameroonian Adolescents
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to examine the influence of comparative optimism on the intention to use tobacco among 244 Cameroonian adolescent students. The sample consisted of girls (n=110) and boys (n=134) aged between 14 and 25 in secondary school. Participants were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The study relied primarily on the theory of planned behaviour to highlight the mechanisms that link beliefs to behavioural intentions. Data were collected from a self-administered composite questionnaire consisting of the comparative optimism scale and the risk-taking scale measuring intention to use tobacco inspired by the theory of planned behaviour. The results obtained after correlation analysis and regression showed that the illusion of vulnerability elicits the intention to use tobacco through attitude (r= -.141, p<0.05), descriptive norms (r=.204, p<0.01), and injunctive norms (r=.132, p<0.05). In addition, the illusion of vulnerability also appears as a predictor of the intention to use tobacco. These results confirm the harmful nature of overly optimistic beliefs about protective behaviours. The implications of the optimism bias for perceived vulnerability are discussed in the light of reference theories and from previous work on the effect of optimistic beliefs on protective behaviour
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
