1,720,962 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Mutational Landscape of KIT Proto-Oncogene Coding Sequence in 62 Canine Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Mast Cell Tumors
Full text linkCanine mast cell tumors (MCTs) are common skin neoplasms with varying biological behaviors. The KIT proto-oncogene plays a key role in the development of these tumors, and internal tandem duplications on exon 11 are usually associated with more aggressive behavior, increased local recurrence, and decreased survival time. However, apart from exons 8–11 and 17, there is limited understanding of the overall KIT mutational landscape in canine MCTs. This work aims to analyze the entire KIT coding sequence (21 exons) in a cohort of 62 MCTs, which included 38 cutaneous and 24 subcutaneous tumors, and potentially identify new variants. In addition to confirming previously reported activating KIT mutations in exons 8, 9, and 11, we identified new variants in exons 2, 3, 5, 16, and the 3′ untranslated region (UTR). Notably, these last variants include an amino acid change (Asp/His) in exon 16. Additionally, we confirmed a differential prevalence of KIT variants in cutaneous and subcutaneous MCTs. These findings enhance our understanding of the KIT proto-oncogene coding sequence and provide valuable information for future confirmatory studies
Bacterial contamination of human organ-cultured corneas
No full textPurpose: This study was designed to define the risk of contamination of human corneas preserved by the organ-culture method.
Methods: We examined the microbial contaminations in 3,100 corneoscleral rims cultivated in our eye bank. Microbiologic tests were performed in the preservation medium 5 days after the beginning of cornea cultures and in the last day of culture (21.5 ± 8.1 days), when the corneas were transferred to the deswelling medium. In 1,029 corneas a microbiologic test also was performed 1 day after the beginning of deswelling procedure.
Results: We found 206 microbial contaminations (6.65% of total) after 5 days and 17 (0.55%) at the end of the preservation period. The total number of contaminated samples during the cornea culture was 223 corresponding to 7.2% of the samples (95% confidence interval, 6.3-8.1). The 1,029 tests performed during the deswelling step disclosed 26 contaminated cornea cultures despite apparent sterility of the medium (2.5%; 95% confidence interval, 1.5-3.5).
Conclusions: The observation of microbial contaminations in a time close to the transplant (i.e., at the end of the preservation period and in the deswelling step) showed that a fast microbial tests during the deswelling procedure may prevent the grafting of a contaminated cornea. The appearance of bacteria in the deswelling medium despite a negative culture medium suggests that bacteria penetrate the corneal tissues during the culture to be subsequently extruded when the internal fluids move outward
DNA damage as a potential target in canine lymphoma treatment: a comparative transcriptomic evaluation of olaparib effects in two lymphoid cell lines
No full textIntroduction: Olaparib is a poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitor (PARPi), targeting DNA damage response. It
is indicated for cancers harboring BRCA1/2 mutations. However, several evidences show that sensitivity to
PARPis could be driven by other factors impairing the DNA repair mechanism. As different hematological
malignancies carry this kind of defects, this study aims to evaluate the transcriptional effects of olaparib in two
canine cell lines, CLBL1 and GL1, derived from diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and acute B-cell leukemia,
respectively.
Materials and Methods: A whole-transcriptome analysis was carried out in CLBL1 and GL1 cells to evaluate
the transcriptional effects of 25 and 50 μM olaparib after 24 hours of exposure. Total RNA was extracted using
TRIzol and Qiagen RNeasy Mini Kit. After the assessment of RNA concentration and quality, cDNA libraries
were constructed and sequenced using a 150 pb paired-end approach on Illumina platform. Reads were
counted, checked for quality and trimmed using validated pipelines. Finally, reads were pseudo-aligned (Kallisto)
building the index on Canis Familiaris reference genome (Ensembl). Kallisto outputs were imported in Rstudio
with Tximport package; EdgeR and clusterProfiler were used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs;
False Discovery Rate1.5) and carry out the functional enrichment analysis, respectively.
Results: More than 25 million raw reads were obtained for each sample, resulting in a mean mapping
percentage of 79%. In both cell lines, olaparib 50 μM produced more DEGs than olaparib 25 μM (707 vs 99 for
GL1; 234 vs 180 for CLBL1). When looking at DEGs and enriched GO terms, the main biological processes
modulated by olaparib in CLBL1 cells were stress (e.g. ATF3, CEBPB), immune/inflammatory response (e.g.
TNFSF4, TNFRSF18) and apoptosis (e.g. BAX, TP53INP1). Olaparib seemed to interact with the immune
response also in GL1 cells (e.g. IL10, CD276, IL2RA, IL6), but it also triggered a different cell death process, i.e.
pyroptosis, as shown by the modulation of GSDME, GSDMD, and IL18 genes.
Conclusions: Olaparib showed different transcriptional effects in chosen cell lines, interacting with immune
checkpoints, stress sensors, and interfering with cell proliferation, cytokine production and causing different
types of cell death. Considering that canine lymphoma is a serious concern in veterinary oncology, as well as a
good model for its human counterpart, this study represents a step forward in the investigation of new
therapeutic approaches and the identification of potential chemoresistance mechanisms
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