1,720,978 research outputs found
The Palaeolithic of northern Iraqi Kurdistan. A fresh assessment in the light of the LoNAP survey
No full textApplicazione del protocollo NM-PCI allo studio delle produzioni litiche e circolazione delle materie prime alle pendici degli Zagros tra VI-III millennio a.C.
No full textNew research in the North-western Kurdistan Region of Iraq allowed investigating, for first time in the area, the process of supply, production and distribution of Canaanean blades during the 5th to 3rd millennia BC. The area was, by far, essentially unknown since the resumption of the archaeological research in 2012. The present project contributed new and significative data to understand the increasing social complexity and landscape exploitation during the later stages of the Prehistory.
By combining the lithic technological approach and a multi-parametric protocol of chert characterization – the NM-PCI – the present work investigated the evidence of local production and distribution of large blades departing from the knapping workshops of the Jebel Zawa chert source, that were active from the 4th to the 3rd millennia BC. The discovery of this previously unknown raw material source allowed to trace the circulation of the products following a regional perspective, by analysing the huge dataset of blades, resulting from the LoNAP survey.
A specific sampling was performed to build a geological reference collection. The chert samples were studied following a three-step procedure: macroscopic (cortex, structure, colour) and microscopic descriptions (translucence, texture, micropalaeontology), and geochemical analyses (pXRF, Raman micro-spectroscopy). The application of the NM-PCI protocol outlined the compositional variability of the Zawa chert and highlighted the provenance markers which were adopted into the study of the artefacts provenance.
The study focused also on the lithic assemblages from Tell Helawa (Erbil Plain), far distant about 150 km from the previous area, which was occupied from 6th to 4th millennia BC. Here, the almost exclusive exploitation of local raw materials (alluvial pebbles and cobbles) became to be integrated by the supply of Canaanean blades, around the half of the 4th millennium BC.
The results from the application of the NM-PCI protocol on the archaeological artefacts and data comparison with the geological reference collection highlighted the existence of several regional networks, as well as long-distance circulation of Canaanean blades at Helawa, indicating complex systems of production and distribution, as well as relationships between the settlements established along the Zagros piedmont. This new picture, despite being partial, represents a pilot study and the starting point for future research on the subject,
implementing the geological reference collection as a powerful tool to investigate these cultural dynamics
La Parate (Capri): La collezione Cerio al Museo di Antropologia dell’Università di Napoli Federico II. Studio tecno-tipologico e analisi archeometriche preliminari dei manufatti in ossidiana
No full textThe site of Le Parate overlooks the gulf of Naples and is located on the northern side of Monte Solaro. It was discovered in the late 19th century by Ignazio Cerio during the construction of the modern cemetery. This site was interpreted as the largest obsidian-working area of the Island. Techno-typological analysis of a significative part of the Cerio Collection of the Museum of Anthropology, consisting of exhausted cores and microlithic blades, has shown the use of direct percussion and pressure-blade technology for the production of tiny and regular bladelets, while the initial working-phase probably took place elsewhere. Source provenance analysis, made by pXRF, has shown connections between the Island of Capri, Palmarola and Lipari during the Neolithic period
Going to the source: new perspectives in the study of the Canaanean blade technology from Iraqi Kurdistan
No full textThis paper presents a preliminary overview of the outstanding evidence of chert mining and specialised lithic workshops found on the southern slopes of the Jebel Zawa, in the Dohuk Governorate, northern Iraqi Kurdistan. Technical features observed on lithic materials - such as cores and waste products – led to the identification of this mining complex as the source of raw materials used to produce the large standardised blades known in the literature as ‘Canaanean’. According to northern Mesopotamian archaeological records, these blades were widespread from the late 5th to 3rd millennia BCE.
However, little is known about the raw material provenance and no analysis has been attempted in order to identify the supply areas. Our research constitutes a unique opportunity to fill this gap, providing fresh data and a new regional perspective for investigating the phenomenon of large blades production and consumption in northern Mesopotamia, from the source to the settlements
Socio‐Cultural Connectivity Along the Zagros Mountains: A SEM‐EDS Study of Rare Neolithic Obsidian Artifacts From the Kohgiluyeh Region (Southwest Iran)
No full textRecent archaeological investigations in the Kohgiluyeh region of southwestern Iran revealed numerous Neolithic sites along with diverse settlement strategies adapted to the local resources and environmental conditions of this high mountainous stretch of the Zagros Mountains. The regional Neolithic chipped stone collections mainly indicate the acquisition and use of local mineral resources, with obsidian being uncommon. Its occurrence suggests the existence of long‐distance acquisition and/or distribution networks. This study presents a provenance analysis of two rare obsidian artifacts recovered during intensive surveys in the Kohgiluyeh region. Using Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X‐Ray Spectroscopy (SEM‐EDS), we characterized the obsidian samples and determined their elemental compositions for source attribution. The results of these analyses indicate that the two artifacts originated from two distinct source areas in southeastern Anatolia: the Nemrut Dağ and Bingöl‐A volcanic complexes. These findings provide evidence to reconstruct socio‐cultural interactions between Neolithic communities along the Zagros Mountains and improve our understanding of settlement strategies in the southern Zagros region during the early stages of sedentism
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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