1,720,985 research outputs found
Alcol, professioni e differenze di genere: casistica clinica
No full textObiettivi: Esaminare l’associazione tra sindrome da dipendenza alcolica (SDA), stato occupazionale e genere, al fine di acquisire informazioni utilizzabili in ambito preventivo e terapeutico-riabilitativo.
Pazienti e metodi: Sono stati individuati i casi di SDA (associata o meno ad altre dipendenze e/o patologie psichiatriche), ricoverati nell’arco di 8 anni (2000-2007) presso il reparto di Riabilitazione Alcologica del nostro Istituto. Dalle cartelle cliniche sono stati ricavati i dati riguardanti condizione professionale e ultima mansione lavorativa, in relazione al genere, allo stato civile, ai titoli di studio e alle caratteristiche cliniche. Le analisi statistiche sono state condotte con il test del chi-quadrato.
Risultati: Il campione comprende 783 pazienti (265 femmine e 518 maschi; età mediana: 46 anni). Il 50,8% dei pazienti era occupato al momento del ricovero, 16,2% erano pensionati. I rimanenti erano disoccupati (33,0% contro un tasso Istat del 10,7% nel 2012). La prevalenza di disoccupazione era significativamente (p < 0,01) maggiore tra le donne (43,0%), rispetto agli uomini (27,8%). Le mansioni più rappresentate, in entrambi i generi, sono: operaio, impiegato, addetto alla ristorazione; fra i maschi sono frequenti artigiani (n = 41) e operai edili (n = 34). Il titolo di studio più frequente (40,6%) è la licenza media inferiore; le donne presentano un più alto livello d’istruzione (46,4% con diploma superiore o titolo universitario, rispetto al 33,0% degli uomini; p < 0,01). La distribuzione degli stati civili è pure significativamente diversa nelle femmine (più sposate e vedove) rispetto ai maschi (più celibi). Inoltre, tra le donne sono più frequenti (66,0%) le comorbilità psichiatriche (in particolare depressione, ansia e disturbi di personalità), rispetto ai maschi (40%). Non vi sono differenze di genere per quanto riguarda l’associazione con altre dipendenze (attuali o pregresse), presenti nel 22,1% dei soggetti. La prevalenza degli stati civili è significativamente differente (sia per i maschi sia per le femmine) dai dati nazionali riguardanti le stesse fasce di età, con elevata presenza di separati o divorziati (19,3%) nel campione esaminato.
Conclusioni: I pazienti che si sono rivolti alla nostra unità di Riabilitazione Alcologica presentano, come già riportato, un livello d’istruzione medio-basso; sono spesso presenti problemi familiari (elevata percentuale di matrimoni falliti), frequentemente associati a disoccupazione, comorbilità psichiatrica (soprattutto tra le donne) e dipendenza da altre sostanze. L’abuso alcolico in ambito lavorativo continua a essere un problema diffuso, con necessità d’interventi mirati ad opera delle parti sociali e dagli operatori sanitari
Uso di gps logger per descrivere il comportamento spaziale dell’occhione (Burhinus oedicnemus) in periodo riproduttivo: risultati preliminari
No full textIn this paper we evaluate the effectiveness of GPS data loggers to study the spatial behaviour of the Stone-curlew during the breeding period. Two females were tagged in the Taro River Regional Park (Parma, Italy) in the autumn 2013 and were followed during the next breeding season. The birds reacted well to tagging and for both some breeding attempts were recorded and at least one resulted successful, as proved by the observation of one 7-10-days old chick in July 2014. Regarding the spatial behaviour, the pattern observed was roughly comparable to what was recorded for the same study area using VHF tracking. The high number of recorded data, however, allowed to carry out a more detailed analysis of the behaviour of the animals, resulting in the identification of a series of behavioural changes during the reproductive season apparently not directly related to different phases of the breeding activity. The available data illustrate the great potential of the GPS tracking method, which has to be considered of extreme importance to plan effective conservation actions for the specie
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Fifteen years of scientific investigations on the Stone-curlew Burhinus oedicnemus: implications for conservation and management
No full textCharacterisation of microsatellite markers in the stone curlew Burhinus oedicnemus
No full textWe characterized twenty unique polymorphic
microsatellite loci in the Eurasian stone curlew Burhinus
oedicnemus, a bird of conservation concern in Europe. The
loci were genotyped in 24 individuals and displayed
between 2 and 21 alleles per locus. All twenty loci were
autosomal based on the genotyping of individuals of known
sex and seventeen loci were in Hardy–Weinberg equilib-
rium. These microsatellites will be used to investigate
population structure in this species with the aim of
informing those responsible for creating conservation
management strategies
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