1,721,349 research outputs found
Dataset for: Towards Reliable and Secure Physical Unclonable Functions
No full textResearch data for the Ph.D. thesis titled: Towards Reliable and Secure Physical Unclonable Functions. Author: Mohd Syafiq Mispan. Year: 2018.</span
Lightweight obfuscation techniques for modeling attacks resistant PUFs
No full textBuilding lightweight security for low-cost pervasivedevices is a major challenge considering the design requirementsof a small footprint and low power consumption. Physical UnclonableFunctions (PUFs) have emerged as a promising technology toprovide a low-cost authentication for such devices. By exploitingintrinsic manufacturing process variations, PUFs are able togenerate unique and apparently random chip identifiers. Strong-PUFs represent a variant of PUFs that have been suggestedfor lightweight authentication applications. Unfortunately, manyof the Strong-PUFs have been shown to be susceptible tomodelling attacks (i.e., using machine learning techniques) inwhich an adversary has access to challenge and response pairs.In this study, we propose an obfuscation technique during postprocessingof Strong-PUF responses to increase the resilienceagainst machine learning attacks. We conduct machine learningexperiments using Support Vector Machines and Artificial NeuralNetworks on two Strong-PUFs: a 32-bit Arbiter-PUF and a 2-XOR 32-bit Arbiter-PUF. The predictability of the 32-bit Arbiter-PUF is reduced to ~ 70% by using an obfuscation technique.Combining the obfuscation technique with 2-XOR 32-bit Arbiter-PUF helps to reduce the predictability to ~ 64%. More reductionin predictability has been observed in an XOR Arbiter-PUFbecause this PUF architecture has a good uniformity. The areaoverhead with an obfuscation technique consumes only 788 and1080 gate equivalents for the 32-bit Arbiter-PUF and 2-XOR 32-bit Arbiter-PUF, respectively
Towards reliable and secure physical unclonable functions
No full textPhysical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) have emerged as a promising primitive that can be used to provide a hardware root of trust for integrated circuit (IC) applications. PUFs exploit the random intrinsic manufacturing process variations that map a set of challenges to a set of responses. The mapping of challenge-response pairs (CRPs) is unique and random to each PUF instance, which makes PUFs a very promising technology for robust security devices. PUFs have been proposed for lightweight IC identification and authentication, and cryptographic key generation. However, as CMOS technology scales down, device ageing becomes more pronounced and introduces reliability issues for PUF circuits. When PUFs undergo ageing, the response changes. As a consequence, the trustworthy identity of the ICs can be violated. The area overhead of an error correction code (ECC) in a PUF-based system needed to generate error-free cryptographic keys also increases. Furthermore, a PUF is physically unclonable but its function is susceptible to modelling attacks from machine learning (ML) techniques. Therefore, providing reliable and secure PUFs for lightweight applications is a major challenge. This thesis studies the reliability of PUFs for lightweight applications under ageing. It also considers the susceptibility of PUFs to ML-based attacks. This thesis presents three major contributions. The context of the first and second contributions is within the lightweight IC identification and authentication, and the third contribution is within the cryptographic key generation. The first contribution presents an analysis of the impact of ageing on PUF-based differential architectures. The simulation results demonstrate that a differential design technique to build a PUF can be a mechanism to mitigate the first-order dependencies of ageing such as the dutycycle and supply voltage. The second contribution proposes a challenge permutation technique to increase the complexity of the CRP mapping. The technique has been implemented on an Arbiter-PUF using a TSMC 65-nm technology. The simulation results show that using a challenge permutation technique can alter the output transition probability of Arbiter-PUF, resulting in the reduction of its predictability from 99% to 65%. The challenge permutation technique introduces no extra overhead as it can be implemented by routing obfuscation. Finally, the third contribution proposes a bit selection technique in a dual use of SRAM as a memory and PUF to mitigate the ageing impact and reduce the area overhead of the ECC. The results show that the proposed technique can effectively reduce the bit errors due to ageing and the area overhead of the ECC is reduced by about 6 times compared to that without bit selection
Ageing Mitigation Techniques for SRAM Memories
No full textAs CMOS technology scales down, ageing-induced negative-bias temperature instability (NBTI) becomes more pronounced. The impact of NBTI on memory elements of digital circuits is crucial, in particular, in static random-access memory (SRAM) as it is always subject to ageing for whatever value is stored in an SRAM cell. Moreover, the prolonged storage of the same bit patterns in an SRAM can cause asymmetric NBTI stress, which is manifested by the threshold voltage drifts of pMOS transistors. These long-term ageing threshold voltage drifts degrade the static noise margin (SNM) of SRAM as memory. The degradation in SNM due to asymmetric NBTI stress can lead to read stability issues and potentially cause failures. Furthermore, the impact of NBTI on SRAM is not only limited to its usage as a memory but also as a hardware security primitive, namely, SRAM physical unclonable function (SRAM-PUF). The random and unique start-up values (SUVs) of SRAM-PUF can be used as a cryptographic key. Nevertheless, asymmetric NBTI stress may cause errors in SUVs. As the error in the SUVs increases resulting in an increasing area overhead of error correction code (ECC) which is needed to generate an error-free cryptographic key. Following the aforementioned reliability issues, this chapter presents two case studies of ageing mitigation techniques for SRAM as memory and PUF, respectively
A survey on the susceptibility of PUFs to invasive, semi-invasive and noninvasive attacks: challenges and opportunities for future directions
No full textPhysical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are considered to be a promising technology that provides a hardware root-of-trust for integrated circuit (IC) applications. PUFs exploit the intrinsic process variations that map a set of challenges to a set of responses. The intrinsic process variations are caused by uncontrollable deviations in the IC manufacturing process, which are unique and random from die to die and wafer to wafer. As the PUF output is device-specific, PUFs can, therefore, be used in IC identification and authentication, and cryptographic key generation. Nevertheless, many different successful attack techniques have already revealed vulnerabilities in certain PUFs, including invasive, semi-invasive and noninvasive attacks. In this work, we survey some of the known attacks on PUFs. We also survey the countermeasures to these types of attack presented in recent literature, and finally, discuss the future challenges. Through this survey, the susceptibility of PUFs to attacks is highlighted and this information may be used to improve the quality of future PUF-based application designs.<br/
NBTI aging evaluation of PUF-based differential architectures
No full textSilicon Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) have emerged as novel cryptographic primitives, with the ability to generate unique chip identifiers and cryptographic keys by exploiting intrinsic manufacturing process variations. The “Two Choose One” PUF (TCO-PUF) has recently been proposed. It is based on a differential architecture and exploits the non-linear relationship between current and voltage in the subthreshold operating region. As CMOS technology scales down, aging-induced Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) is becoming more pronounced, resulting in reliability issues for the PUF response. Differential design techniques can be useful for mitigating and canceling out first-order environmental dependencies such as aging, temperature and supply voltage. In this study, we investigate the robustness of PUFs with differential architectures, such as TCO-PUF and Arbiter-PUF, under the influence of NBTI. Our results indicate PUFs with differential architectures are less vulnerable to aging-related degradation compared to other PUF designs such as RO-PUF and SRAM-PUF. We show that the reliability of TCO-PUF and Arbiter-PUF only degrades by about 4.5% and 2.41%, respectively, after 10 years, while RO-PUFs and SRAM-PUFs degrade by about 12.76% in 10 years and 7% in 4.5 years, respectively
Cuci karpet home delivery system / Mohd Syafiq Ishak
Get PDFIn business industries, order, service and standard operation client system is widely involved in their daily activities. The name and address is needed to be updated frequently to make the management team to deal with easy. Cuci Karpet Home Delivery System is one of the web based system and that is specially developed for ABS Cuci Karpet. All related information has been gathered from the client. Currently, only sales activity is done using a computerized system and the rest activities are done manually. Some problems have occurred such as data is kept in paper based like receipt which make it exposed to risk of getting lost, wet and dirty. It also may lead to human errors in calculating and lateness of the rest of the activities. Therefore, the computerized system that will develop is for solving the problems occur or might occur and increase the productivity in the services
Generate e-certificates with Autocrat / Mohd Syafiq Abdul Rahman
Get PDFAutocrat is a Google Sheets add-on that allows you to merge data from a Google Sheet into a Google Slides template. You can use it to generate certificates by creating a Google Sheet with data and a Google Slides template for the certificate. Lastly, Autocrat will generate the final certificate in Portable Document Format (PDF) and email automatically to the recipients
Inventory system for smart refrigerator / Mohd Syafiq Afifi Md Shakari
Get PDFNowadays, the food experts especially nutrition experts have run a study of the interests of the healthy food style in spite of problems of obesity and excessive weight in the world community. Food poisoning is one of the factors and indicators that are highly emphasized by nutrition experts in maintaining the quality of food produced. Furthermore, food that is past or damaged can be used as an alternative to the agricultural sector
Cost-efficient design for modeling attacks resistant PUFs
No full textPhysical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) exploit the intrinsic manufacturing process variations to generate a unique signature for each silicon chip; this technology allows building lightweight cryptographic primitive suitable for resource-constrained devices. However, the vast majority of existing PUF design is susceptible to modeling attacks using machine learning technique, this means it is possible for an adversary to build a mathematical clone of the PUF that have the same challenge/response behavior of the device. Existing approaches to solve this problem include the use of hash functions, which can be prohibitively expensive and render PUF technology as the suitable candidate for lightweight security. This work presents a challenge permutation and substitution techniques which are both area and energy efficient. We implemented two examples of the proposed solution in 65-nm CMOS technology, the first using a delay-based structure design (an Arbiter-PUF), and the second using sub-Threshold current design (two-choose-one PUF or TCO-PUF). The resiliency of both architectures against modeling attacks is tested using an artificial neural network machine learning algorithm. The experiment results show that it is possible to reduce the predictability of PUFs to less than 70% and a fractional area and power costs compared to existing hash function approaches.</p
- …
