1,565 research outputs found
Estudo do Efeito Inibitório de óleos Essenciais de Pimenta de Macaco e Pimenta Longa contra Trypanossoma Cruzi
No full textA presente dissertação teve por objetivo avaliar o potencial tripanocida in vitro dos óleos essenciais (OEs) de Piper hispidinervum (pimenta longa) e Piper aduncum (pimenta de macaco) sobre diferentes formas evolutivas de Trypanosoma cruzi clone Dm28c (epimastigotas; amastigotas intracelulares; tripomastigotas metacíclicas e de cultivo). O OE de pimenta longa é rico em safrol e demonstrou baixa atividade contra T. cruzi (IC50/24h>100 μg/ml para formas epimastigotas e tripomastigotas) e leve citotoxicidade contra células Vero. O OE de pimenta de macaco foi efetivo contra formas epimastigotas (IC50/24h=84,74 μg/ml), sendo porém mais eficaz contra formas tripomastigotas metacíclicas (12,1 μg/ml) e de cultura a 28°C (2,8 μg/ml). Os valores obtidos com formas tripomastigotas foram melhores do que os obtidos com a droga de referência benzonidazol a 28°C (IC50/24h=16,1 μg/ml). Entretanto, contra formas amastigotas o benzonidazol foi mais ativo que o OE de pimenta de macaco (IC50/24h=0,8 μg/ml e 9 μg/ml respectivamente). Testes realizados com tripomastigotas de cultura a 4°C (mesma condição térmica de armazenamento de bolsas de sangue) demonstraram alta atividade do OE de pimenta de macaco (IC50/24h = 3,8 μg/ml), em comparação com os resultados obtidos com a droga de referência violeta de genciana (IC50/24h=60,7 μg/ml). Avaliação da citotoxicidade do OE de pimenta de macaco contra células Vero a 37°C (CC50/24h=42,8 μg/ml) e hemácias a 4°C (CC50/24h=351,6 μg/ml) demonstrou um alto índice de seletividade (IS) contra tripomastigotas (11,26 e 92,52, respectivamente). Estes índices sugerem que o OE de pimenta de macaco não é um candidato favorável para pacientes chagásicos, mas sim um composto promissor para tratamento de bolsas de sangue. Ensaios por citometria de fluxo evidenciaram que o OE de pimenta de macaco não afeta o ciclo celular de formas epimastigotas, mas inibe consideravelmente o potencial da membrana mitocondrial destas formas. Análise por microscopia eletrônica de transmissão demonstrou que tratamento de tripomastigotas com 3,8 μg/ml (correspondente ao IC50/24h) produz danos ultra-estruturais como lise de membranas e perda de citoplasma. Análise por Cromatografia de Gases e Espectroscopia de Massas (CG-EM) demonstrou que os constituintes majoritários do OE de pimenta de macaco são nerolidol e linalol (25% e 13,42% respectivamente). Testes com tripomastigotas de cultura a 4°C demonstraram que nem sempre o constituinte majoritário de um OE é o mais eficiente como tripanocida, pois linalol apresentou melhor efeito tripanocida (IC50/24h=306 ng/ml) que nerolidol, o qual não induziu alterações visíveis por microscopia óptica. Nossos dados indicam que linalol é um composto promissor contra tripomastigotas, pois foi 168,6 vezes mais eficiente que benzonidazol em testes com formas tripomastigotas de cultura. Em conclusão, as propriedades tripanocidas do OE da pimenta de macaco e seu constituinte linalol devem ser estudadas mais aprofundadamente, especialmente devido à sua seletividade contra tripomastigotas de cultura. Linalol surge como um potencial candidato a uma droga para aplicação em tratamento de bolsas de sangue.The protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, a neglected tropical disease endemic in 18 countries in Latin America. There is no effective treatment for this disease, which affects about 7-8 million people in the world. In the search for a natural alternative compound, this dissertation aimed to evaluate the trypanocidal potential of essential oils (EOs) of Piper hispidinervum (long pepper) and Piper aduncum (jack pepper) in vitro against different evolutive forms of Trypanosoma cruzi clone Dm28c
(epimastigotes; intracellular amastigotes, metacyclic and cell derived trypomastigotes). The long pepper OE is rich in safrole and showed low activity against T. cruzi (IC50/24h>100 µg/ml for epimastigotes and trypomastigotes) and mild cytotoxicity against Vero cells. The jack pepper EO was effective against epimastigotes (IC50/24h = 84.74 μg/ml), but was more effective against metacyclic (12.1 μg/ml) and cell derived (2.8 μg/ml)
trypomastigotes at 28°C. The values obtained with trypomastigotes were much better than those obtained with the reference drug benznidazole at 28°C (IC50/24h = 16.1 μg/ml). However, benznidazole against amastigotes was more active than the jack pepper EO (IC50/24h=0.8 μg/ml and 9 μg/ml, respectively). Tests performed with cell derived trypomastigotes at 4°C (same thermal condition to stock blood) showed high activity of the jack pepper EO (IC50/24h = 3.8 μg/ml) as compared to the results obtained with the
reference drug gentian violet (IC50/24h = 60.7 μg/mL). Evaluation of the jack pepper EO cytotoxicity against Vero cells at 37°C (CC50/24hr = 42.8 μg/ml) and red blood cells at 4°C (CC50/24h = 351.6 μg/ml) showed a high selectivity index (SI) against trypomastigotes (11.26 and 92.52, respectively). These indexes suggest that the jack pepper EO is not a good candidate for treatment of chagasic patients, but is a promising compound for treating blood bags. Flow cytometry assays showed that jack pepper EO does not affect the cell cycle of epimastigotes, but significantly inhibits the mitochondrial membrane potential of these forms. Analysis by transmission electron microscopy showed that treatment of trypomastigotes with 3.8 μg/ml (IC50/24h value) produced ultrastructural damage such as membrane lysis and loss of cytoplasm. Analysis by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) showed that the major constituents of jack pepper EO are nerolidol and linalool (25% and 13.42%, respectively). Tests with culture trypomastigotes at 4°C showed that not always the EO major constituent is more efficient as a trypanocidal drug, as linalool showed better trypanocidal effect (IC50/24h = 306 ng/ml) than nerolidol, which induced no visible changes as assessed by light microscopy. Our data indicate that linalool is a promising compound against trypomastigotes, because it
was 168.6 times more efficient than benznidazole in tests with cell derived
trypomastigotes. In conclusion, the trypanocidal properties of jack pepper EO and its major constituent linalool should be further studied, especially because of their selectivity against cell derived trypomastigotes. Linalool appears as a potential candidate for a drug for use in the treatment of blood bags
Estudo do Efeito Inibitório de óleos Essenciais de Pimenta de Macaco e Pimenta Longa contra Trypanossoma Cruzi
No full textFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Carlos Chagas. Curitiba, PR, Brasil.A presente dissertação teve por objetivo avaliar o potencial tripanocida in vitro dos óleos essenciais (OEs) de Piper hispidinervum (pimenta longa) e Piper aduncum (pimenta de macaco) sobre diferentes formas evolutivas de Trypanosoma cruzi clone Dm28c (epimastigotas; amastigotas intracelulares; tripomastigotas metacíclicas e de cultivo). O OE de pimenta longa é rico em safrol e demonstrou baixa atividade contra T. cruzi (IC50/24h>100 μg/ml para formas epimastigotas e tripomastigotas) e leve citotoxicidade contra células Vero. O OE de pimenta de macaco foi efetivo contra formas epimastigotas (IC50/24h=84,74 μg/ml), sendo porém mais eficaz contra formas tripomastigotas metacíclicas (12,1 μg/ml) e de cultura a 28°C (2,8 μg/ml). Os valores obtidos com formas tripomastigotas foram melhores do que os obtidos com a droga de referência benzonidazol a 28°C (IC50/24h=16,1 μg/ml). Entretanto, contra formas amastigotas o benzonidazol foi mais ativo que o OE de pimenta de macaco (IC50/24h=0,8 μg/ml e 9 μg/ml respectivamente). Testes realizados com tripomastigotas de cultura a 4°C (mesma condição térmica de armazenamento de bolsas de sangue) demonstraram alta atividade do OE de pimenta de macaco (IC50/24h = 3,8 μg/ml), em comparação com os resultados obtidos com a droga de referência violeta de genciana (IC50/24h=60,7 μg/ml). Avaliação da citotoxicidade do OE de pimenta de macaco contra células Vero a 37°C (CC50/24h=42,8 μg/ml) e hemácias a 4°C (CC50/24h=351,6 μg/ml) demonstrou um alto índice de seletividade (IS) contra tripomastigotas (11,26 e 92,52, respectivamente). Estes índices sugerem que o OE de pimenta de macaco não é um candidato favorável para pacientes chagásicos, mas sim um composto promissor para tratamento de bolsas de sangue. Ensaios por citometria de fluxo evidenciaram que o OE de pimenta de macaco não afeta o ciclo celular de formas epimastigotas, mas inibe consideravelmente o potencial da membrana mitocondrial destas formas. Análise por microscopia eletrônica de transmissão demonstrou que tratamento de tripomastigotas com 3,8 μg/ml (correspondente ao IC50/24h) produz danos ultra-estruturais como lise de membranas e perda de citoplasma. Análise por Cromatografia de Gases e Espectroscopia de Massas (CG-EM) demonstrou que os constituintes majoritários do OE de pimenta de macaco são nerolidol e linalol (25% e 13,42% respectivamente). Testes com tripomastigotas de cultura a 4°C demonstraram que nem sempre o constituinte majoritário de um OE é o mais eficiente como tripanocida, pois linalol apresentou melhor efeito tripanocida (IC50/24h=306 ng/ml) que nerolidol, o qual não induziu alterações visíveis por microscopia óptica. Nossos dados indicam que linalol é um composto promissor contra tripomastigotas, pois foi 168,6 vezes mais eficiente que benzonidazol em testes com formas tripomastigotas de cultura. Em conclusão, as propriedades tripanocidas do OE da pimenta de macaco e seu constituinte linalol devem ser estudadas mais aprofundadamente, especialmente devido à sua seletividade contra tripomastigotas de cultura. Linalol surge como um potencial candidato a uma droga para aplicação em tratamento de bolsas de sangue.The protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, a neglected tropical disease endemic in 18 countries in Latin America. There is no effective treatment for this disease, which affects about 7-8 million people in the world. In the search for a natural alternative compound, this dissertation aimed to evaluate the trypanocidal potential of essential oils (EOs) of Piper hispidinervum (long pepper) and Piper aduncum (jack pepper) in vitro against different evolutive forms of Trypanosoma cruzi clone Dm28c
(epimastigotes; intracellular amastigotes, metacyclic and cell derived trypomastigotes). The long pepper OE is rich in safrole and showed low activity against T. cruzi (IC50/24h>100 µg/ml for epimastigotes and trypomastigotes) and mild cytotoxicity against Vero cells. The jack pepper EO was effective against epimastigotes (IC50/24h = 84.74 μg/ml), but was more effective against metacyclic (12.1 μg/ml) and cell derived (2.8 μg/ml)
trypomastigotes at 28°C. The values obtained with trypomastigotes were much better than those obtained with the reference drug benznidazole at 28°C (IC50/24h = 16.1 μg/ml). However, benznidazole against amastigotes was more active than the jack pepper EO (IC50/24h=0.8 μg/ml and 9 μg/ml, respectively). Tests performed with cell derived trypomastigotes at 4°C (same thermal condition to stock blood) showed high activity of the jack pepper EO (IC50/24h = 3.8 μg/ml) as compared to the results obtained with the
reference drug gentian violet (IC50/24h = 60.7 μg/mL). Evaluation of the jack pepper EO cytotoxicity against Vero cells at 37°C (CC50/24hr = 42.8 μg/ml) and red blood cells at 4°C (CC50/24h = 351.6 μg/ml) showed a high selectivity index (SI) against trypomastigotes (11.26 and 92.52, respectively). These indexes suggest that the jack pepper EO is not a good candidate for treatment of chagasic patients, but is a promising compound for treating blood bags. Flow cytometry assays showed that jack pepper EO does not affect the cell cycle of epimastigotes, but significantly inhibits the mitochondrial membrane potential of these forms. Analysis by transmission electron microscopy showed that treatment of trypomastigotes with 3.8 μg/ml (IC50/24h value) produced ultrastructural damage such as membrane lysis and loss of cytoplasm. Analysis by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) showed that the major constituents of jack pepper EO are nerolidol and linalool (25% and 13.42%, respectively). Tests with culture trypomastigotes at 4°C showed that not always the EO major constituent is more efficient as a trypanocidal drug, as linalool showed better trypanocidal effect (IC50/24h = 306 ng/ml) than nerolidol, which induced no visible changes as assessed by light microscopy. Our data indicate that linalool is a promising compound against trypomastigotes, because it
was 168.6 times more efficient than benznidazole in tests with cell derived
trypomastigotes. In conclusion, the trypanocidal properties of jack pepper EO and its major constituent linalool should be further studied, especially because of their selectivity against cell derived trypomastigotes. Linalool appears as a potential candidate for a drug for use in the treatment of blood bags
Atividade protetora da pimenta malagueta (Capsicum frutescens L.) contra a ação genotóxica da Doxorrubicina (DXR), avaliada por meio do Teste para Detecção de Mutação e Recombinação Somática, em asas de Drosophila melanogaster
No full textTrabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação)Os frutos da Capsicum frutescens L. , são muito utilizados como condimento e em preparações medicinais. Considerando seu alto consumo, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os possíveis efeitos genotóxicos e/ou antigenotóxicos do extrato aquoso dos frutos de Capsicum frutescens. Para tanto, utilizamos o teste SMART (GRAF, 1984) larvas de 30 estágio foram tratadas com extratos aquosos dos frutos, nas seguintes concentrações: 0,25%, 0,50% e 1,0%. Para verificar a atividade protetora, as mesmas concentrações dos extratos foram associadas ao agente genotóxico Doxorrubicina (DXR 0,125mg/mL). Os resultados demonstraram que nos descendentes de ambos cruzamentos, tratados com pimenta-malagueta (0,25%, 0,50% e 1,0%) não houveram aumentos, estatisticamente significativos, nas freqüências de manchas mutantes. Nas associações, houveram reduções significativas nas freqüências de manchas nas concentrações de 0,25 % e 0,50 % de pimenta-malagueta nos descendentes do cruzamento padrão e nas concentrações 0,5 e 1,0% nos descendentes do cruzamento de alta bioativação. Sendo assim, a pimenta malagueta, nestas condições experimentais, não é genotóxica e apresenta atividade protetora contra a ação genotóxica da DXR
Actividad antioxidante del aceite esencial de las hojas de Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa (Mill.) J.W. Moore (Myrtaceae) de Táchira - Venezuela Antioxidant activity of essential oil of Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa (Mill.) J.W. Moore (Myrtaceae) Leaves from Táchira Venezuela
No full textSe evaluó la actividad antioxidante de dos aceites esenciales de diferentes densidades, obtenidos por hidrodestilación de las hojas frescas de Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa (Mill.) J.W. Moore, colectadas en Táchira – Venezuela en Abril de 2012, usando el método de la capacidad secuestrante de radicales libres de 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazilo (DPPH•) mediante espec-trofotometría UV-visible a una longitud de onda de 517nm, con ácido ascórbico como control (176 μg/mL). Ambos aceites mostraron porcentajes de inhibición (% I) de estos radicales, superiores al 90% a 1 mg/mL. Este es el primer reporte sobre actividad antioxidante de los aceites esenciales de diferentes densidades obtenidos de Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa. Además, los resultados revelaron a los aceites esenciales de esta especie como una alternativa promisoria y natural de nuevos antioxidantes.Palabras claves: Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa, Hojas, Aceite esencial, Actividad antioxidante.AbstractAntioxidant activity of two different densities essential oils, obtained by hydrodistillation of fresh leaves of Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa (Mill.) J.W. Moore, collected in Táchira – Venezuela in April 2012, were evaluated, using the 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) radical scavenging method, using spectrophotometry UV-Visible at a wavelength of 517 nm, with ascorbic acid as control (176 µg/mL). Both oils showed inhibition percentages (% I) of these radicals, higher than 90% at 1 mg/mL. This is the first report concerning antioxidant activity of essential oils obtained from Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa with different densities. Furthermore, results revealed the essential oils of this species as a promising alternative and natural of new antioxidants.Keywords: Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa, Leaves, Essential oil, Antioxidant activity
Antioxidant activity of essential oil of Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa (Mill.) J.W. Moore (Myrtaceae) Leaves from Tachira-Venezuela
No full textSe evaluó la actividad antioxidante de dos aceites esenciales de diferentes densidades, obtenidos por hidrodestilación de las hojas frescas de Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa (Mill.) J.W. Moore, colectadas en Táchira – Venezuela en Abril de 2012, usando el método de la capacidad secuestrante de radicales libres de 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazilo (DPPH•) mediante espec-trofotometría UV-visible a una longitud de onda de 517nm, con ácido ascórbico como control (176 μg/mL). Ambos aceites mostraron porcentajes de inhibición (% I) de estos radicales, superiores al 90% a 1 mg/mL. Este es el primer reporte sobre actividad antioxidante de los aceites esenciales de diferentes densidades obtenidos de Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa. Además, los resultados revelaron a los aceites esenciales de esta especie como una alternativa promisoria y natural de nuevos antioxidantes.Antioxidant activity of two different densities essential oils, obtained by hydrodistillation of fresh leaves of Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa (Mill.) J.W. Moore, collected in Táchira – Venezuela in April 2012, were evaluated, using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) radical scavenging method, using spectrophotometry UV-Visible at a wavelength of 517 nm, with ascorbic acid as control (176 μg/mL). Both oils showed inhibition percentages (% I) of these radicals, higher than 90% at 1 mg/mL. This is the first report concerning antioxidant activity of essential oils obtained from Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa with different densities. Furthermore, results revealed the essential oils of this species as a promising alternative and natural of new antioxidants
Antioxidant activity of essential oil of Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa (Mill.) J.W. Moore (Myrtaceae) Leaves from Tachira-Venezuela
No full textSe evaluó la actividad antioxidante de dos aceites esenciales de diferentes densidades, obtenidos por hidrodestilación de las hojas frescas de Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa (Mill.) J.W. Moore, colectadas en Táchira – Venezuela en Abril de 2012, usando el método de la capacidad secuestrante de radicales libres de 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazilo (DPPH•) mediante espec-trofotometría UV-visible a una longitud de onda de 517nm, con ácido ascórbico como control (176 μg/mL). Ambos aceites mostraron porcentajes de inhibición (% I) de estos radicales, superiores al 90% a 1 mg/mL. Este es el primer reporte sobre actividad antioxidante de los aceites esenciales de diferentes densidades obtenidos de Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa. Además, los resultados revelaron a los aceites esenciales de esta especie como una alternativa promisoria y natural de nuevos antioxidantes.Antioxidant activity of two different densities essential oils, obtained by hydrodistillation of fresh leaves of Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa (Mill.) J.W. Moore, collected in Táchira – Venezuela in April 2012, were evaluated, using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) radical scavenging method, using spectrophotometry UV-Visible at a wavelength of 517 nm, with ascorbic acid as control (176 μg/mL). Both oils showed inhibition percentages (% I) of these radicals, higher than 90% at 1 mg/mL. This is the first report concerning antioxidant activity of essential oils obtained from Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa with different densities. Furthermore, results revealed the essential oils of this species as a promising alternative and natural of new antioxidants
Professor Pimenta Claro (1957-2018): Pioneer in dynamics of mechanical systems at the University of Minho
No full textThis work highlights the importance of Professor Pimenta Claro in the genesis and development of a new scientific area at the Department of Mechanical Engineering of the University of Minho, namely Dynamics of Mechanical Systems. Professor Pimenta Claro initiated his academic career in October 1980, coming from industry, where he was a well-recognized engineer in the field of mechanical design. Professor Pimenta Claro concluded his Pedagogical Aptitude and Scientific Capacity Tests (PAPCC) – MSc equivalent – in 1987, with dissertation title “Estudo Comparativo das Previsões Teóricas do Desempenho de Chumaceiras Radiais Hidrodinâmicas com Resultados Experimentais”. Professor Pimenta Claro received his doctorate degree in 1994 with thesis “Reformulação de Método de Cálculo de Chumaceiras Radiais Hidrodinâmicas – Análise do Desempenho Considerando Condições de Alimentação” under the mentorship of Professor Sousa Miranda, which was in fact the first PhD in Mechanical Engineering defended at the University of Minho. In 1997, Professor Pimenta Claro broken with his past background – classical tribology – to open a new research domain – Dynamics of Mechanical Systems. Since then, Professor Pimenta Claro has coordinated and participated in several scientific projects both with national and international partners, as well as projects with industrial partners. Professor Pimenta Claro was author of numerous publications, including scientific papers, books, conference papers, etc., and supervised PhD and MSc students. From 2007 to 2013 he coordinated the research group called Dynamics of Mechanical Systems. Professor Pimenta Claro was also pioneer and responsible for the creation of new courses on dynamics of mechanical systems offered in different degrees at the School of Engineering of the University of Minho. Thus, the main purpose of this work is to highlight Pimenta Claro’s contributions to the vast scientific area of Dynamics of Mechanical Systems at the Department of Mechanical Engineering of the University of Minho
Chemical Composition of the Essential oil of The Leaves of Pimenta diocia (L.) Merr. & Pimenta racemosa (Mill.) cultivated in Egypt and Evaluation of Their in-vitro Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities
No full textThe aim of the study is to identify and characterize the chemical composition of the essential oil of both leaves of Pimenta diocia (L.) Merr. and Pimenta racemosa (Mill.) as well as to evaluate their in-vitro antioxidant and anti-diabetic potency. Both leaves essential oil was analyzed by GC-MS analysis. Different in-vitro antioxidant tests were employed, namely, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric thiocyanate (FTC), ferric reducing antioxidant power, thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and β-carotene-linoleate bleaching assay. Also, the present work aims to evaluate the α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition as well as glucose uptake by yeast cells of essential oils. Essential oil analysis of the leaves of Pimenta racemosa (Mill.) showed high amounts of eugenol (37.95%), β-Myrecene (21.01%), α-Pinene (17.82%), linalool (6.15%) and limonene (5.93%). GC-MS data of leaves essential oil revealed the presence of eugenol (30.17%), limonene (17.24), α-Pinene (16.78%), linalool (9.71), 1,8 cineole (8.31%) and β-myrecene (5.21%) . Pimenta diocia (L.) Merr. and Pimenta racemosa (Mill.) leaves essential oil having antioxidant effect using various methods. In most of the oil samples and assays the antioxidant activity was higher than the one revealed by the positive control BHT. Both plants essential oil showed potent inhibition of α-Amylase at concentration 2.00 mg as it was inhibited by (75 and 63 %); with IC50 (0.95 and 1.13); respectively as well as inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme by (61.42 and 53.00%) with IC50 (3.17 and 4.25); respectively. Also the percentage of glucose uptake by Pimenta diocia (L.) Merr. and Pimenta racemosa (Mill.) leaves essential oil at 2.00 mg/ml in the presence of 25 mM glucose is (63.49% and 49.61%); respectively. Conclusion: the present study clearly identified the Egyptian chemotype of Pimenta diocia (L.) Merr. and Pimenta racemosa (Mill.) leaves essential oil, it also displayed safe and promising antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. Therefore the essential oil of both species can be utilized as a natural antioxidant and antidiabetic as well as health benefits
EFICIÊNCIA DE FLUENSULFONE 480 EC NO CONTROLE DE Meloidogyne javanica EM PIMENTA DO REINO ADULTA
No full textA pimenta-do-reino apresenta elevado valor econômico por ser considerada uma das especiarias mais estimadas no mundo. Os fitonematoides parasitam o sistema radicular de diversas plantas exploradas economicamente, como a pimenta do reino, e os danos podem ocorrer desde a implantação de novas lavouras até culturas já estabelecidas no campo. Para o agricultor, o controle químico é a primeira alternativa de controle, no entanto, nematicidas sintéticos são caros e causam considerável impacto ambiental. Por isso, pesquisadores em todo o mundo tem buscado moléculas eficientes na redução de fitonematoides, porém de baixa toxicidade. Desta forma, o presente trabalho teve o intuito de avaliar a eficiência de diferentes doses de Fluensulfone 480 EC, uma nova molécula de baixa toxicidade, no controle de Meloidogyne javanica em uma área naturalmente infestada, cultivada com pimenta-do-reino no estado do Espírito Santo. A dose que apresentou melhores resultados para controle de M. Javanica foi a de 4000 ml/ha
Chemical Composition of the Essential oil of The Leaves of Pimenta diocia (L.) Merr. & Pimenta racemosa (Mill.) cultivated in Egypt and Evaluation of Their in-vitro Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities
No full textThe aim of the study is to identify and characterize the chemical composition of the essential oil of both leaves of Pimenta diocia (L.) Merr. and Pimenta racemosa (Mill.) as well as to evaluate their in-vitro antioxidant and anti-diabetic potency. Both leaves essential oil was analyzed by GC-MS analysis. Different in-vitro antioxidant tests were employed, namely, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric thiocyanate (FTC), ferric reducing antioxidant power, thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and β-carotene-linoleate bleaching assay. Also, the present work aims to evaluate the α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition as well as glucose uptake by yeast cells of essential oils. Essential oil analysis of the leaves of Pimenta racemosa (Mill.) showed high amounts of eugenol (37.95%), β-Myrecene (21.01%), α-Pinene (17.82%), linalool (6.15%) and limonene (5.93%). GC-MS data of leaves essential oil revealed the presence of eugenol (30.17%), limonene (17.24), α-Pinene (16.78%), linalool (9.71), 1,8 cineole (8.31%) and β-myrecene (5.21%) . Pimenta diocia (L.) Merr. and Pimenta racemosa (Mill.) leaves essential oil having antioxidant effect using various methods. In most of the oil samples and assays the antioxidant activity was higher than the one revealed by the positive control BHT. Both plants essential oil showed potent inhibition of α-Amylase at concentration 2.00 mg as it was inhibited by (75 and 63 %); with IC50 (0.95 and 1.13); respectively as well as inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme by (61.42 and 53.00%) with IC50 (3.17 and 4.25); respectively. Also the percentage of glucose uptake by Pimenta diocia (L.) Merr. and Pimenta racemosa (Mill.) leaves essential oil at 2.00 mg/ml in the presence of 25 mM glucose is (63.49% and 49.61%); respectively. Conclusion: the present study clearly identified the Egyptian chemotype of Pimenta diocia (L.) Merr. and Pimenta racemosa (Mill.) leaves essential oil, it also displayed safe and promising antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. Therefore the essential oil of both species can be utilized as a natural antioxidant and antidiabetic as well as health benefits
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