3,264 research outputs found
Localization and characterization of gonadotropin-releasing hormones in the brain, gonads, and plasma of a dipnoi (lungfish, Protopterus annectens)
No full textCitation network dataset covering the work of RP Millar and its citing literature
No full textThe following describes the citation network datasets that underpins the manuscript “A career in numbers: a citation network analysis of the work of RP Millar and his contribution to GnRH research” [1]. Data collection We retrieved data from the Web of Science Core Collection under the University of Edinburgh’s subscription in January 2024. We sought to retrieve all indexed papers of Professor Robert P. Millar (RPM). We searched the following AU = (Millar, R), and then retrieved records that corresponded to his WoS profile (n=428 records) and an additional 49 paper that were authored by Robert but had not been included in his WoS record – validating the records against a CV of his published works. We retrieved the full citation history as record by Web of Science to these papers from other indexed records. The 477 RPM papers had been cited 21,677 times by 11,138 documents by date of retrieval, and removing self-citations left 19,256 citations by 10,719 documents. We then retrieved all metadata from WoS concerning the 477 RPM papers and the 10,719 citation papers, resulting in a dataset covering 11,196 documents. Citation network dataset We constructed a citation network dataset by parsing data from each paper’s full bibliography consisting of: i. ‘Edge-list’ that records citation links from a citing to a cited document. This is constructed by assigning unique IDs to each retrieved paper and to every unique reference string contained in their bibliographies. The edge list is composed of a ‘Source’ column that contains the ID of the citing document and a ‘Target’ column containing the IDs of its citations, with one record per row. Given that we were only interested in citations between the WoS retrieved documents, we discarded any reference string that represented a document outwith our search. ii. ‘Node-attribute list’ that contains the ID, with relevant metadata contained in adjacent columns to identify documents, including authors, title of publication, journal, year of publication. We also parsed into this dataset the WoS full citation count for each paper and the total number of references in the bibliographies of each paper. This results in a dataset containing 11,196 nodes and 115,834 edges between nodes. We removed a total of 67 papers for which metadata was incomplete and/or corrupted. We further focussed on the largest interconnected component, removing nodes with no connections (isolates) or smaller components that were detached from the main network. We excluded papersLeng, R. (2024). Citation network dataset covering the work of RP Millar and its citing literature [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1153425
Cloning and characterisation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors in the cichlid (Haplochromis burtoni) and the zebrafish (Danio rerio)
No full textBibliography: leaves 75-89.The identification of multiple forms of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in a single species is becoming a common occurrence. The highly conserved chicken GnRH II is present along with one or two other GnRHs, composing a combination unique to particular species. This multifunctional peptide is widely distributed through the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. Also, endogenous GnRHs demonstrate distinct patterns of spatial expression within the brain, suggesting they may have separate functions. In addition to being the primary regulator of gonadotropin secretion in vertebrates, GnRH is also involved in the release of GH and prolactin and may fulfil a possible neuromodulatory role. GnRHs exert their actions through the stimulation of distinct GnRH receptors on pituitary gonadotrophs. The presence of multiple GnRH receptor subtypes has been demonstrated in several species and is likely to be a common characteristic of most vertebrates. This thesis describes the cloning and characterisation of GnRH receptors in two species of teleost fish, Haplochromis burtoni (cichlid) and Dania rerio (zebrafish). A type I GnRH receptor has previously been shown to exist in the cichlid. In the present study degenerate primers designed to extracellular loop three of the mammalian GnRH receptors were used to identify a second putative receptor subtype from cichlid (Haplochramis burtoni) genomic DNA. Furthermore, a near full-length cDNA, encompassing transmembrane domain 1 through to transmembrane domain 7 of the GnRH receptor, was cloned from cichlid RNA by reverse transcriptase PCR. This region of the receptor shares approximately 80% amino acid homology with corresponding regions of type III GnRH receptors previously identified in species of perciform fish. Partial sequences of a type IA and a type lB GnRH receptor have previously been identified in the zebrafish. Two sets of degenerate primers were used to elucidate the possible existence of a third receptor in the zebrafish using both genomic DNA and RNA. However, this strategy failed to result in the amplification of novel receptor subtypes in the zebrafish. Controversy surrounds the developmental origins of GnRH neurons and their temporal expression in relation to GnRH receptors. The zebrafish is a model organism, widely used for the study of reporter gene expression during development. Hence an attempt was made to isolate the zebrafish GnRH receptor genes using a genomic DNA library and identify the promoter regions for use as reporter genes in the study of GnRH and GnRH receptor expression during development. Southern blot analysis revealed six genomic clones with sequences homologous to zebrafish GnRH receptor cDNA. Comparison with genomic and cDNA sequences of other GnRH receptors revealed that those regions of the genomic clones that were sequenced only encoded exons 2 and 3. The presence of large introns in the GnRH receptor gene made it difficult to identify genomic clones containing the entire gene and the promoter region. The cloning of part of the zebrafish GnRH receptor genes will make their complete characterisation somewhat less problematic since an idea of their basic intron/exon structure has been obtained. Exons 2 and 3 of the zebrafish type IA and type IB GnRH receptor genes show a high degree of conservation when compared to the same regions of the goldfish type IA and type IB GnRH receptor cDNAs, demonstrating approximately 90% homology in both cases. In this study sequence information was obtained for the regions between transmembrane domains 4 and 7, and 3 and 7 of the zebrafish type IA and type IB GnRH receptor genes, respectively, and was subsequently used clone zebrafish GnRH receptor full-length cDNAs. This study describes the discovery of a type III GnRH receptor in the cichlid but suggests its presence may be restricted to only certain orders of teleost since a type III receptor was not identified in the zebrafish on this occasion. The information acquired from this study may help to reveal patterns, which relate the presence of particular GnRHs and GnRH receptors in single species to specific reproductive requirements
The author as the second translator
No full textParafrazując tytuł tekstu Anny Legeżyńskiej „Tłumacz jako drugi autor” (1999: 20–30), w niniejszym artykule zwracam uwagę na rolę kontaktu z autorem w procesie tworzenia przekładu. Konsultowanie z twórcą oryginału niektórych rozwiązań translatorskich redukuje wątpliwości interpretacyjne widziane z pozycji tłumacza, autorowi zaś daje możliwość zobaczenia swojego tekstu z perspektywy drugiego języka.Paraphrasing the title of Anna Legeżyńska’s text “The translator as the second author” (1999: 20–30), this paper focuses on the role of contact with the author in the translation process. Discussions with the author on certain translation solutions reduce interpretative doubts as seen from the perspective of the translator, while the author is given an opportunity to see his or her text from the perspective of another language. In this text I am referring and quoting selected examples that were included in the letters exchanged with Konstantin Arbienin, the author of “Sleepless Stories” (Сказки на засыпку) whose translation has become the basis for making an audiobook. The project was launched within the activity framework of ‚Perevodka’, a translation section of the Research Association of the Department of Russian Studies at the NCU in cooperation with our friends musicians and graphic artists
A career in numbers:A citation network analysis of the work of RP Millar and his contribution to GnRH research
No full textHere, we reflect on the long career in neuroendocrinology of a single, highly productive scientist (‘Bob’ Millar), by analysing his oeuvre of published papers through the lens of citation metrics. We use citation network analysis in a novel manner to identify the specific topics to which his papers have made a particular contribution, allowing us to compare the citations of his papers with those of contemporary papers on the same topic, rather than on the same broad field as generally used to normalise citations. It appears that citation rates are highest for topics on which Bob has published a relatively large number of papers that have become core to a tightly-knit community of authors that cite each other. This analysis shows that an author's impact depends on the existence of a receptive community that is alert to the potential utility of papers from that author, and which uses, amplifies, extends and qualifies the contents of their papers—activities that entail reciprocal citation between authors. The obvious conclusion is that a scientist's impact depends on the use that his or her contemporaries make of his or her contributions, rather than on the contributions in themselves
Subwavelength spinning of particles in vector cosine-Gaussian field with radial polarization
No full textA new type of radially polarized (RP) cosine-Gaussian (CG) field is proposed. Through the analytical model, it is found that such RP CG beam exhibits completely different focusing properties from the reported RP plane waves. More importantly, a stable three-dimensional trap of Rayleigh particle accompanied by a subwavelength spin motion can be easily achieved using this RP CG beam.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.ImPhys/Optic
Protected area visitor data collection and management: Emerging issues and gaps in current Australian practices
No full textProtected area agencies are charged with the preservation, conservation and management of areas including wilderness, national parks and forests. These agencies are faced with increasing visitor numbers and decreasing budgets at a time where activities like tourism have to be managed alongside their traditional roles as natural resource managers. This paper reports on the outcomes of the first stage of a research project that seeks to guide a nationally consistent approach to visitor use data collection for protected area agencies. First, the paper provides a background literature review of approaches to visitor use data collection for protected area agencies. Second, the paper outlines the participatory action research approach used in the study where thirteen protected area agencies are collaborators in the research process. This approach ensures that the protected areas agencies data needs are central to the research outcomes and recognises the pragmatic organisational cultural issues associated with visitor data collection, management and use. The research process incorporates organisational networking at all levels from head office, regions, branches and individual parks involving management information systems, interviews, focus groups, presentations, briefings and follow-up contact. Third, the paper then presents the emergent themes that examine the issues and gaps in current visitor data collection, management and use systems. The paper concludes with discussion of the challenges to developing a national system of visitor data collection and use
The development and use of strategic business performance improvement frameworks for rapid prototyping and tooling : executive summary
No full textIncreasing global competition within industry has forced businesses to respond by
reducing costs and product development lead times in order to survive. In the
automotive industry, these strategic responses include the specific exploitation of new
technologies and mergers with other companies to gain economies of scale.
BMW AG purchased Rover Group in 1994 but it wasn't until 1998 that competitive
pressure led to the completion of the merger through the creation of a single "Group
Function" structure within BMW Group. The BMW Board stated high-level
objectives for the process but provided no mechanism to convert them into reality.
Similarly, the BMW Group Board initiated a business process "Re-engineering"
programme in 1997/8 and stated cost, time and other objectives that would have to be
met. The technical and process changes that would help to achieve the business
improvements were being largely driven from the bottom of the organisation but
there were no frameworks available to guide strategic technology introduction.
The principal innovations generated during the course of this research are
frameworks for:
• Maximising the business benefits from the creation of 'Group Functions'
• Internal strategy creation for technology-based business sub-units
These two new frameworks have for the first time provided management and staff
with the means to develop meaningful strategies and operational action plans from
the corporate strategic objectives. The economic and business literature concentrates
mainly on whole business strategy and merger activity, neglecting the need for
guidance at the sub-corporate level. Although corporate strategy can provide the
overall direction of a company, it is the managers that have to drive strategic change
within the business.
The frameworks were developed by the author based on an in-depth review of the
literature and the specific context relating to Rapid Prototyping & Tooling (RP&T)
within BMW. The frameworks were validated within the business situation and
further enhanced where appropriate.
The Group Function framework fills the process gap between the high-level
objectives and the need for operational action plans. It provides a straightforward and
easy to communicate structure to the process of optimising duplicated business subunits.
Use of the framework led to the retention of both RP&T teams and the
initiation of beneficial synergistic activities. The framework should be applicable to
other similar groups in similar circumstances.
The author developed a new strategy creation framework that for the first time
combines a range of strategy development approaches from within the literature into
a practical framework for sub-corporate strategy development. The framework was
matched to the specific context of the RP&T case but could be used in other similar
circumstances. The framework was used to successfully develop a new strategy for
RP&T in BMW Group and includes new approaches developed by the author that
reduce the impact of environmental change and uncertainty. The framework has been
described in a stand alone form that can easily be more widely exploited
Proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 mediates gonadotropin-releasing hormone signaling to a specific extracellularly regulated kinase-sensitive transcriptional locus in the luteinizing hormone beta-subunit gene
No full textG protein-coupled receptor regulation of gene transcription primarily occurs through the phosphorylation of transcription factors by MAPKs. This requires transduction of an activating signal via scaffold proteins that can ultimately determine the outcome by binding signaling kinases and adapter proteins with effects on the target transcription factor and locus of activation. By investigating these mechanisms, we have elucidated how pituitary gonadotrope cells decode an input GnRH signal into coherent transcriptional output from the LH beta-subunit gene promoter. We show that GnRH activates c-Src and multiple members of the MAPK family, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase 1/2, p38MAPK, and ERK1/2. Using dominant-negative point mutations and chemical inhibitors, we identified that calcium-dependent proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 specifically acts as a scaffold for a focal adhesion/cytoskeleton-dependent complex comprised of c-Src, Grb2, and mSos that translocates an ERK-activating signal to the nucleus. The locus of action of ERK was specifically mapped to early growth response-1 (Egr-1) DNA binding sites within the LH beta-subunit gene proximal promoter, which was also activated by p38MAPK, but not c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase 1/2. Egr-1 was confirmed as the transcription factor target of ERK and p38MAPK by blockade of protein expression, transcriptional activity, and DNA binding. We have identified a novel GnRH-activated proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2-dependent ERK-mediated signal transduction pathway that specifically regulates Egr-1 activation of the LH beta-subunit proximal gene promoter, and thus provide insight into the molecular mechanisms required for differential regulation of gonadotropin gene expression
Klasyfikacja funkcji Sejmu RP
No full textThe article is devoted to the issue of classification of functions performed by the Sejm of the Republic of Poland after Poland’s accession to the European Union. Due to the integration, and especially the changes that took place after the Lisbon Treaty came into force, it becomes necessary to redistribute the powers exercised by the parliament. The author presents the established classi-fication methods and justifies the need to supplement them with a new function — the European function of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland.Artykuł został poświęcony zagadnieniu klasyfikacji funkcji realizowanych przez Sejm RP po przystąpieniu Polski do Unii Europejskiej. W związku z dokonaną integracją, a zwłaszcza zmia-nami, które zaszły po wejściu w życie traktatu z Lizbony, konieczne staje się dokonanie na nowo podziału kompetencji realizowanych przez parlament. Autor przedstawia stosowane sposoby klasy-fikacji i uzasadnia konieczność uzupełnienia ich o nową funkcję — funkcję europejską Sejmu RP
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