1,720,972 research outputs found
Sviluppo di un metodo accurato per l'identificazione e genotipizzazione del papillomavirus umano basato sul sequenziamento 454 di nuova generazione
Full text linkAccurate HPV typing is essential for evaluation an monitoring HPV vaccines, as second line testing in cervical cancer screening and in epidemiological surveys. In this study, we set up and assessed in clinical samples a new HPV typing method based on 454 next-generation sequencing (NGS) of HPV L1 amplicons. We set up a first protocol by using modified degenerated primer MY09/11 to analyze 164 cervical samples. This protocol represent a proof of principle that NGS can be used for HPV typing, but had an intrinsic weakness conceivably due to mismatches between the sequence of the MY09/11 primers. For this reason we generate a new protocol by using a modified PGMY primer set with improved sensitivity for some HPV types that are not targeted by standard PGMY primers. By using a median 12,000-fold coverage, the NGS method allowed to correctly identify all high-risk HPV types, either in single and multiple infection, with a sensitivity of 50 genome equivalents, as demonstrated by testing WHO LabNet EQA sample panels. Analysis of mixtures of HPV16- and HPV18-positive cell lines demonstrated that the NGS method could reproducibly quantify the proportion of each HPV type in multiple infections in a wide dynamic range. Testing of HPV-positive clinical samples showed that NGS could correctly identify a high number of HPV types in multiple infections. The NGS method was also effective in the analysis of a set of cervical specimens with discordant results at hybrid capture 2 and line probe assays. In conclusion, a new HPV typing method based on 454 pyrosequencing was set up. This method was sensitive, specific, quantitative, and precise in both single and multiple infections. It could identify a wide range of HPV types and might potentially discover new HPV types and variants
Timing and pharmacological support in the surgical treatment of multiple perianal fistulas in Crohn's Disease
Full text linkWe present a case report on the management of a young woman affected by Crohn's Disease ever since childhood, complicated by complex, multiple perianal fistulas. In literature, there is increasing evidence to support the treatment of perianal fistulas using a combined association of medical and surgical strategies. In the case of our patient, the choice of surgery in association with pharmacological treatment was supported by the consideration of the fact that intervening during a quiescent phase of the disease, from the symptomatic, clinical-biohumoral and endoscopic standpoint, would have reduced the risk of complications and thus promoted healing. (www.actabiomedica.it)
Human KI and WU polyomavirus infection in immunocompromised subjects
No full textDemonstration of the presence of human KI and WU polyomavirus DNA sequences in the peripheral blood of immunocompromised subjects, i.e., tranplant recipients and AIDs patients
Comparison of INNO-LiPA Genotyping Extra and Hybrid Capture 2 assays for detection of carcinogenic human papillomavirus genotypes
No full textBACKGROUND:
Accurate HPV detection and genotyping tests are useful for management of women with HPV infection and for monitoring HPV vaccine efficacy.
OBJECTIVES:
To evaluate the performance of the INNO-LiPA HPV Genotyping Extra assay (SPF10-LiPA) for the detection of carcinogenic HPV types in women referred for opportunistic cervical cancer screening by comparison with the Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) assay.
STUDY DESIGN:
Cross-sectional analysis from baseline data of HC2 and SPF10-LiPA testing in cervical specimens collected from 1580 consecutive women and correlation with cervical cytology and histology data, when available.
RESULTS:
The two assays showed a good agreement for detection of carcinogenic HPV types and reported the same prevalence of carcinogenic HPV infections in different age groups. Stratification of study subjects by cervical cytology interpretation and histology results demonstrated that the two tests gave very similar results in the different cytology interpretation groups and in CIN2 and CIN3 samples, while in <CIN2 samples the SPF10-LiPA assay provided a significantly lower number of carcinogenic HPV-positive results than the HC2 test. A comparative analysis of the two assay for individual HPV types showed that HC2 identified as positive between 73% and 100% of specimens with carcinogenic HPV types detected by SPF10-LiPA and, in particular, approximately 90% and 80% of HPV16- and HPV18-positive samples, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS:
A good agreement was observed between HC2 and SPF10-LiPA for carcinogenic HPV type detection, that supports further evaluation of the clinical performance of the new version of SPF10-LiPA in cervical cancer screening protocols
WU and KI Polyomaviruses Remain Orphans in Adults Reply
No full textComment on the presence of the newly discovered polyomaviruses in human tissues
Hernioplasty in Elderly High-Risk Adults: Efficacy of Fibrin Glue
Full text linkBackground:
Risk factors as cirrhosis, diabetes, coagulopathies, advanced age, have often been considered a contraindication to perform an inguinal hernioplasty. The aim of this study was to establish whether fibrin glue application to fix the mesh during a Lichtenstein inguinal hernioplasty is useful to prevent complications in high risk patients.
Methods:
From March 2004 to September 2009, 87 high risk patients underwent hernioplasty using fibrin glue to fix mesh prosthesis. Patients were evaluated for immediate and late postoperative pain, presence of haematomas and seromas, infiltration of ascitic fluid, and wound complications.
Results:
Among our patients (mean age 73.6±12.4 years) 38 (44%) had diabetes, 33 (38%) had coagulopathies and 16 (18%) had liver cirrhosis (2 C Child’s grade). During a follow-up period ranging from 12 to 24 months, no complications nor significant post-operative pain were observed.
Conclusions:
This preliminary observational study indicates that fibrin glue application can be considered a very useful way to obtain good results by open hernioplasty in high risk patients
Applications of next-generation sequencing technologies to diagnostic virology.
Full text linkNovel DNA sequencing techniques, referred to as "next-generation" sequencing (NGS), provide high speed and throughput that can produce an enormous volume of sequences with many possible applications in research and diagnostic settings. In this article, we provide an overview of the many applications of NGS in diagnostic virology. NGS techniques have been used for high-throughput whole viral genome sequencing, such as sequencing of new influenza viruses, for detection of viral genome variability and evolution within the host, such as investigation of human immunodeficiency virus and human hepatitis C virus quasispecies, and monitoring of low-abundance antiviral drug-resistance mutations. NGS techniques have been applied to metagenomics-based strategies for the detection of unexpected disease-associated viruses and for the discovery of novel human viruses, including cancer-related viruses. Finally, the human virome in healthy and disease conditions has been described by NGS-based metagenomics
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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