1,720,965 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The Effect of Swirl Ratio and Fuel Injection Parameters on CO Emission and Fuel Conversion Efficiency for High-Dilution, Low-Temperature COmbustion in an Automotive Diesel Engine
No full textSupport for this research was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies. The research was performed at the Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation,a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. The BK21 and Future Vehicle Technology Development Corps. of Korea supported Sanghoon Kook's visiting research. The authors express their appreciation to Mark Musculus and Lyle Pickett for providing the high speed camera and the Matlab source code to calculate the adiabatic flame temperature
The Influence of Charge Dilution and Injection Timing on Low-Temperature Diesel Combustion and Emissions
No full textThe effects of charge dilution on low-temperature diesel combustion and emissions were investigated in a small-bore single-cylinder diesel engine over a wide range of injection timing. The fresh air was diluted with additional N2 and CO2, simulating 0 to 65% exhaust gas recirculation in an engine. Diluting the intake charge lowers the flame temperature T due to the reactant being replaced by inert gases with increased heat capacity. In addition, charge dilution is anticipated to influence the local charge equivalence ratio Φ prior to ignition due to the lower O2 concentration and longer ignition delay periods. By influencing both Φ and T, charge dilution impacts the path representing the progress of the combustion process in the Φ-T plane, and offers the potential of avoiding both soot and NOx formation. In-cylinder pressure measurements, exhaust-gas emissions, and imaging of combustion luminosity were performed to clarify the path of the combustion process and the effects of charge dilution and injection timing on combustion and fuel conversion efficiency. Based on the findings, a postulated combustion process in the Φ-T plane is presented for different dilution levels and injection timings. Although the ignition delay increased with high dilution and early injection, the heat release analysis indicated that a large portion of the combustion and emissions formation processes was still dominated by the mixing-controlled phase rather than the premixed phase. Because of the incomplete premixing, and the need to mix a greater volume of charge with unbumed or partially-burned fuel to complete combustion, the diluted mixtures increased CO emissions. Injecting the fuel at earlier timings to extend the ignition delay helped alleviate this problem, but did not eliminate it. Fuel conversion efficiencies calculated for each dilution level and start of injection provide guidance as to the appropriate combustion phasing and practical levels of charge dilution for this low-temperature diesel combustion regime.Support for this research was provided by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of FreedomCAR and
Vehicle Technologies. The research was performed at
the Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National
Laboratories, Livermore, California. Sandia is a
multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation,
a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States
Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security
Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. The
NRL and Future Vehicle Technology Development Corps.
of Korea supported Sanghoon Kook's visiting research.
The authors express their appreciation to Mark Musculus
and Cherian Idicheria for providing high speed camera
used in the experiments as well as Matlab source code
for image processing and adiabatic flame temperature
calculation. . Thanks are also due to Feng Tao of the
University of Wisconsin (Madison) for his assistance in
validating the estimated peak core gas temperatures
The Effect of Swirl Ratio and Fuel Injection Parameters on CO Emission and Fuel Conversion Efficiency for High-Dilution, Low-Temperature Combustion in an Automotive Diesel Engine
No full textSupport for this research was provided by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of FreedomCAR and
Vehicle Technologies. The research was performed at
the Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National
Laboratories, Livermore, California. Sandia is a
multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation,
a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States
Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security
Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. The
BK21 and Future Vehicle Technology Development
Corps. of Korea supported Sanghoon Kook's visiting
research. The authors express their appreciation to Mark
Musculus and Lyle Pickett for providing the high speed
camera and the Matlab source code to calculate the
adiabatic flame temperature
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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