1,721,006 research outputs found
Strategie di autoregolazione ed emozioni legateallo studio:un intervento per la promozione delle abilità di studio con gruppi di studenti universitari.
No full textIn questi anni la ricerca
psicologica ha preso in esame le abitudini di
studio degli studenti universitari e ha cercato di
mettere in luce le relazioni tra il modo di studiare
e il rendimento accademico allo scopo di
descrivere gli aspetti strategici, metacognitivi,
motivazionali che caratterizzano lo studente di
successo.
È stato dimostrato che gli studenti di successo
sono flessibili nella scelta delle strategie
(Wood, Motz e Willoughby, 1998), preferiscono
adottare strategie basate sulla schematizzazione
ed elaborazione personale del materiale
piuttosto che strategie guidate dal testo (Ley e
Young, 1998), mettono in atto molteplici comportamenti
che facilitano uno studio strategico
e motivato, adattando le proprie conoscenze
e abilità alle diverse situazioni (Moè e De Beni,
2000; Chemers, Hu e Garcia, 2001), sono più
metacognitivi (De Beni, Moè e Rizzato, 2003;
Moè e De Beni, 2003; Pressley, Yokoi, Van
Meter, Van Etten e Freebern, 1997), hanno una
buona autoregolazione della propria attività di
studio (Hofer, Yu e Pintrich, 1998), sono più organizzati
(Moè e De Beni, 2000) e più abili nella
valutazione della propria preparazione (Drew
e Watkins, 1998). Presentano inoltre uno stile
attributivo centrato sull’impegno (Sinkavich,
1994; Moè e De Beni, 2002), si pongono principalmente
obiettivi di padronanza piuttosto che
di prestazione (Archer, 1994; Dweck, 1999),
hanno alti livelli di motivazione intrinseca (Albaili,
1997) e di autoefficacia (Wolters, 1998).
Altri studi hanno dimostrato come le emozioni
legate allo studio svolgano un ruolo importante
nel processo di apprendimento e siano
strettamente collegate agli aspetti cognitivi e
motivazionali (Hareli e Weiner, 2002; Boekaerts,
2003; Pekrun, Goetz, Titz e Perry, 2002). Infatti
è stato dimostrato che le reazioni emotive
provate dallo studente sono un elemento essenziale
per comprendere numerose variabili cognitivo-
motivazionali (Boekaerts, 2003; Turner, Husman
e Schallert, 2002) connesse all’apprendimento
e contribuiscono a spiegare il successo
nello studio a livello accademico (Mega, Moè,
Pazzaglia, Rizzato e De Beni, 2007).
Fredrickson (2001) ha evidenziato che
quando le emozioni positive sono provate in
stretta associazione a quelle negative, possono
annullare gli effetti dannosi che queste
ultime hanno sulla prestazione e questo tipo
di bilanciamento sarebbe in grado di predire
il successo nello studio universitario. Infatti gli
studenti in regola con gli esami, pur riportando
emozioni negative, vivono maggiori emozioni
positive nei confronti dello studio (Mega et al.,
2007).
Inoltre gli studenti che riportano emozioni
positive usano strategie flessibili e creative,
quali l’organizzazione e l’elaborazione del materiale,
mentre coloro che provano in prevalenza
emozioni negative si limitano ad utilizzare
strategie più rigide e superficiali (Pekrun et al.,
2002). Le emozioni positive dirigono l’attenzione
dello studente verso il compito e sostengono
un approccio autoregolato nello studio,
come il monitoraggio e l’autovalutazione del
proprio modo di studiare, facilitando l’apprendimento
e la prestazione.
Partendo da tali premesse teoriche
l’equipe del SAP-DSA (Servizio di Assistenza
Psicologica per gli studenti dell’Università degli
Studi di Padova per le Difficoltà di Studio e
Apprendimento) ha sviluppato una modalità di
intervento per la promozione delle abilità di studio
con gruppi di studenti universitari (De Beni
e Moè, 1997; De Beni e Rizzato, 2002). La
finalità dei gruppi di studio organizzati dal SAPDSA
è di migliorare o di perfezionare il metodo
di studio degli studenti al fine di renderlo meno
dispendioso e più efficace. Vengono favorite e
incoraggiate da una parte la riflessione e la discussione
sui diversi ambiti dell’apprendimento,
dall’altra l’analisi e l’approfondimento delle abitudini
e dei comportamenti di studio. La metodologia
di lavoro si basa su un approccio di
tipo metacognitivo che mira a sviluppare negli
studenti maggiore consapevolezza e controllo
circa le strategie di studio da loro adottate e
la loro efficacia, allo scopo di aiutarli ad individuare
i punti di forza e di debolezza del proprio
modo di studiare.
Con il presente lavoro si intende analizzare
se tale intervento metacognitivo può da una
parte aiutare lo studente a migliorare il suo metodo
di studio rendendolo più autonomo, flessibile
e consapevole, e dall’altra portarlo a vivere
positivamente il proprio ruolo di studente, riportando
piacere e interesse nell’apprendimento
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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