1,720,956 research outputs found
Les déterminants de la performance des entreprises : Revue de littérature
No full text<p>Face à un environnement évolutif créant de plus en plus d'incertitude et une forte pression concurrentielle, les entreprises se trouvent dans l'obligation de maitriser et d'améliorer la gestion de leur activité afin de garantir leur pérennité au sein d'un marché évolutif. En effet, ce n'est qu'avec une meilleure performance que les entreprises peuvent connaître le développement. Par conséquent, la mesure de la performance de l'entreprise occupe une place cruciale au sein des entreprises innovantes qui sont toujours à la recherche des meilleurs résultats. Nous tenterons avec ce présent article de mettre la lumière sur une littérature principalement axée sur les articles disponibles dans les revues et les ouvrages afin d'améliorer la compréhension des aspects spécifiques sur la performance.</p><p> Dans ce présent travail nous allons clarifier le concept multidimensionnel de la performance, identifier ses composantes principales, ensuite nous allons présenter les modèles théoriques et leur évolution, puis nous allons évoquer le modèle de mesure de la performance « Balanced scorecard » développé par Kaplan, enfin nous allons lister les typologies de la performance tout en présentant les indicateurs de mesure y afférent à chaque type. Le résultat de l'analyse de la revue de littérature nous a permis de clarifier que la performance est un concept multidimensionnel subdivisé en plusieurs types de performance tels que, la performance financière, la performance stratégique, la performance commerciale, la performance sociale, et la performance globale et que chaque type de performance est mesuré par ses propres indicateurs spécifiques.</p><p>Mots clés : Performance ; Efficacité & efficience ; Typologies de la performance ; Balanced scorecard ; Indicateurs de mesure.</p>
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
La Murabaha et le crédit à taux d'intérêt : quelle différence ?
Full text linkPlusieurs personnes, qu’elles soient musulmanes, ou non-musulmanes, croient, que la vente dans les banques islamiques n’est rien d’autre qu’un crédit ribawi déguisé à savoir le crédit bancaire classique. Ce jugement vient du constat, que le taux d’intérêt dans le crédit bancaire classique est égal au profit dans l’opération de vente. La pratique de la finance islamique, et de la Murabaha tout particulièrement a provoqué une ambigüité sur la spécificité de ce produit, et de sa supériorité par rapport au crédit classique. Malgré l’affirmation de la conformité de la Murabaha avec la charia contrairement au prêt bancaire, les gens ne comprennent pas l’intérêt derrière cette reformulation, qui aboutit finalement au même résultat. Le but premier de cet article est de mettre en évidence l’importance des principes islamiques à travers une comparaison entre la Murabaha, et le crédit à taux d’intérêt, pour répondre à cette problématique, on a travaillé sur la base d’une revue conceptuelle, et classique à la fois à travers le coran et la sounna, et les avis des juristes musulmans.
On a adopté une analyse explicative, et comparative pour bien cerner le concept de la Murabaha ,et du Riba .ceci va permettre de comprendre la justification derrière l’interdiction du Riba ,et du prêt à taux d’intérêt tout particulièrement, et ainsi arriver à comprendre les avantages de la vente dans la finance islamique par rapport au crédit classique .
Le résultat de l’analyse montre, que la Murabaha est différente du crédit à taux d'intérêt. Le fait que deux actions conduisent à un même résultat en apparence, n’implique en rien qu’elles soient de même nature. La différence se constate au niveau des objectifs visés par la charia (Maqasid al-Sharia), et l’instauration des principes économiques spécifiques. Si le client n’arrive pas à trouver un avantage financier à son niveau, cet avantage se trouve au niveau de l’économie toute entière.
Mots clés : Riba, le taux d’intérêt, la Murabaha, Islam, profit
Classification JEL : E13, E49, G19
Type de l’article : article théorique.
Qui fait référence au RibaMany people, whether Muslims or non-Muslims believe, that the sale in Islamic banks is nothing more than disguised ribawi credit, namely conventional bank credit, this is because the interest rate on a conventional bank loan is equal to the profit on sale. The practice of Islamic finance and Murabaha in particular, has given rise to ambiguity as to the specificity of this product, and its superiority to conventional credit. Despite claims that Murabaha complies with Sharia law, unlike bank loans, people don't understand the interest behind this reformulation, which ultimately leads to the same result. The primary aim of this article is to highlight the importance of Islamic principles through a comparison between Murabaha and interest-bearing loans. To answer this question, we have worked on the basis of a conceptual and classical review of both the Koran and Sunna, and the opinions of Muslim jurists. We adopted an explanatory and comparative analysis to understand the concept of Murabaha and Riba. This will enable us to understand the rationale behind the prohibition of Riba, and of interest-bearing loans in particular and thus come to understand the advantages of selling in Islamic finance compared with conventional credit. The result of the analysis shows that Murabaha is different from interest-bearing loans. The fact that two actions lead to the same apparent result in no way implies that they are of the same nature. The difference lies in the objectives pursued by the Sharia (Maqasid al-Sharia), and the establishment of specific economic principles. If the customer can't find a financial advantage at his level, that advantage is to be found at the level of the economy as a whole.
Keywords: Riba, interest rate, Murabaha, Islam, profit
JEL Classification: E13, E49, G19
Paper type: Theoretical Researc
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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