1,721,027 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Astrocytes contacting HIV-1-infected macrophages increase the release of CCL2 in response to the HIV-1-dependent enhancement of membrane-associated TNFα in macrophages
No full textThe presence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected macrophages in the parenchyma of central nervous system is an hallmark of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related neuroinflammation. Once penetrated the blood-brain barrier (BBB), macrophages closely interact with astrocytes, beginning with those lying beneath the BBB endothelium. By investigating the consequences of the cell-cell interaction between HIV-infected macrophages and astrocytes, we observed that the HIV-1 expression in macrophagic cells correlated with increased chemotactic activity in supernatants of astroglial cells. Gene array analysis revealed an impressive increase in the transcription of the gene for the CCL2/MCP-1 chemokine in astroglial cells isolated from HIV-1-infected co-cultures compared with cells from uninfected co-cultures. This phenomenon coupled with the increase in CCL2 release and depended on the cell-cell contact. In addition, it was a consequence of the HIV-1-induced enhancement of membrane-associated tumor necrosis factor-a in macrophagic cells, and correlated with increased levels of nuclear factor kappaB activation in astroglial cells. These observations could mirror a mechanism of recruitment of leukocytes through the BBB, likely contributing to the increase in both viral load and inflammation in central nervous system of HIV-infected patients. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc
Vav exchange factor counteracts the HIV-1 Nef-mediated decrease of plasma membrane GM1 and NF-AT activity in T cells
No full textSeveral findings support the importance of GM1-enriched lipid microdomains of plasma membrane and of Vav, an essential regulator of actin cytoskeletal rearrangement, in the regulation of T cell activation. Moreover, a functional link among lipid microdomains, Vav and the HIV product Nef has been described. These observations suggest that Nef can modify plasma membrane GM1, affecting the behavior of HIV-infected cells towards antigen recognition and Vav towards counteracting such an effect. We observed that Nef expression, either following viral infection or ectopic expression, significantly decreased the level of plasma membrane GM1 in unstimulated T cells. This down-regulation was associated with the inhibition of NF-AT activation, but not with NF-kappaB activation induced by TCR engagement. Dissecting the signaling pathway that regulates NF-AT activation, we found that Nef inhibited exclusively the Ca2+/calcineurin cascade, whereas the JNK cascade and AP-1 transcriptional activity were not affected. Our evidence that Vav overexpression counteracted both the Nef-induced decrease of GM1 expression and the inhibition of NF-AT activity, suggests a novel mechanism by which Nef may interfere with TCR-mediated activation through the modulation of intracellular trafficking and clustering of GM1-enriched microdomains at the cell surface
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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