1,195 research outputs found
Translating cognitive neuroscience to the driver's operational environment: A neuroergonomic approach
No full textNeuroergonomics provides a multidisciplinary translational approach that merges elements of
neuroscience, human factors, cognitive psychology, and ergonomics to study brain structure and
function in everyday environments. Driving safety, particularly that of older drivers with cognitive
impairments, is a fruitful application domain for neuroergonomics. Driving makes demands
on multiple cognitive processes that are often studied in isolation and so presents a useful
challenge in generalizing findings from controlled laboratory tasks to predict safety outcomes.
Neurology and the cognitive sciences help explain the mechanisms of cognitive breakdowns
that undermine driving safety. Ergonomics complements this explanation with the tools for systematically
exploring the various layers of complexity that define the activity of driving. A variety
of tools, such as part task simulators, driving simulators, and instrumented vehicles, provide a
window into cognition in the natural settings needed to assess the generalizability of laboratory
findings and can provide an array of potential interventions to increase driving safety.
Overview of neuroergonomics with respect to driving
Neuroergonomics is the study of brain and behavior
at work (Parasuraman, 2003; Parasuraman & Rizzo,
2007). This multidisciplinary field merges the principles
and practice of neuroscience and ergonomics
to study brain structure and function in everyday
environments. Whereas neuroscience and cognitive
psychology have tended to focus on the neural structures
and mental processes underlying cognition in
controlled laborator
Decentralization and fuel subsidies
No full textThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via the DOI in this recordThis paper explores the role of decentralization in explaining variation in fuel subsidies across countries. Using panel data over the period 1998-2008 and for 108 countries, it emerges that the effect of ‘decentralization’ (taken to be an increase in the number of government levels) broadly decreases both diesel and gasoline subsidies, with this effect being more pronounced when the level of political accountability is low. For developing countries, for which political accountability is low, decentralization decreases gasoline and diesel subsidies by at least 6.98% and 12.99%, respectively. For developed countries, for which political accountability is high, decentralization does not have any impact on both gasoline and diesel. What this evidence points to is that in developing economies, where voters are poorly informed and accountability is low, decentralization appears to be associated with lower fuel subsidies.Leonzio Rizzo thankfully acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (ECO2012-37873) and also from FIR 2016
Cooperative ways of working: towards a Mediterranean research project
No full textedited by Godfrey Baldacchino. Saviour Rizzo, Edward L. Zammit.; Includes bibliographical references.Source type: Print(0
G.G. Rizzo, Il giardino privato di Roberto Burle Marx, Il Sítio. Sessant’anni dalla fondazione. Cent’anni dalla nascita di Roberto Burle Marx, Roma, Gangemi, 2009
No full textThe Sítio, a garden of 40 hectares, was founded by Roberto Burle Marx in 1949, at Guaratiba (Rio de Janeiro). It is also the center of the friendship between its author and Giulio G. Rizzo. In the book, Giulio Rizzo recalls its birth, the different phases of realization, the scientific and artistic components, the goals, the loving attention of its creator. He also condemns the absurdo actual management that makes it a intact ruin
New Developments in Link Emulation and packet Scheduling in FreeBSD, Linux, and Windows (Google TechTalk, online video)
No full textOne-hour technical video presentation on recent researchj results achieved by the author, avalaible on GoogleTechTalks as http://www.youtube.com/googletechtalks#p/search/1/r8vBmybeKlE Received over 9400 views in the first year
E. CONCINA, Bisogni educativi speciali e didattica della musica
No full textThis review illustrates the issues addressed by the author in relation to the use of music as an educational tool that can promote well-being and the development of individual potential, even in the presence of special educational needs. The scientific approach of the text makes it a valuable support for professionals who need to get to know, or deepen, the pedagogical and organizational aspects that make this use of music a great opportunity to promote school inclusion and, in general, social inclusion. La recensione illustra gli aspetti trattati dall’autrice in relazione all’impiego l’impiego della musica quale strumento educativo in grado di favorire il benessere e lo sviluppo delle potenzialità individuali anche in presenza di bisogni educativi speciali. Il taglio scientifico del testo lo rende un valido supporto per i professionisti che necessitano di conoscere o di approfondire gli aspetti pedagogici e organizzativi che rendono tale impiego una grande opportunità per promuovere l’inclusione scolastica e sociale. 
Chronic motion perception deficits from midline cerebellar lesions in human
No full textAbstractA selective motion perception deficit is seen in patients with acute midline cerebellar lesions. Patients with more lateralized acute cerebellar damage do not demonstrate such a deficit (Nawrot M, Rizzo M. Vis Res 1995;35:723–731). However, as these patients were tested only between 10 and 14 days post-ictus, the stability of this perceptual deficit into the chronic phase remained undetermined. The current study extends the previous findings by showing that the motion perception deficit caused by mid-line cerebellar lesions remains permanent at least 2 years into the chronic phase. The extent and longevity of this deficit resembles that of the well known motion-blind patient LM who has a large cerebellar lesion in addition to her extensive cortical damage. Again, we propose that the mid-line cerebellar damage may produce a severe motion perception deficit by disrupting the visual-motor integration mechanisms involved in perceptual stabilization, even though cortical motion processing mechanisms are unaffected
Investigating Speed Deviation Patterns During Glucose Episodes: A Quantile Regression Approach
No full textGiven the growing prevalence of diabetes, there has been significant interest in determining how diabetes affects instrumental daily functions like driving. Complication of glucose control in diabetes includes hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic episodes, which may impair cognitive and psychomotor functions needed for safe driving. The goal of this paper was to determine patterns of diabetes speed behavior during acute glucose to drivers with diabetes who were euglycemic or control drivers without diabetes in a naturalistic driving environment. By employing distribution-based analytic methods that capture distribution patterns, our study advances prior literature that has focused on conventional approach of average speed to explore speed deviation patterns.This is a preprint of an article published as Joshi, Aparna, Jennifer Merickel, Cyrus V. Desouza, Matthew Rizzo, Pujitha Gunaratne, and Anuj Sharma. "Investigating Speed Deviation Patterns During Glucose Episodes: A Quantile Regression Approach." arXiv preprint arXiv:2310.02351 (2023). doi:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2310.02351
Dummynet and Forward Error Correction
No full textIn this paper we present a couple of tools developed by the author on FreeBSD, and available from the author's Web page in source format. The first one, called dummynet, is a tool designed for the performance evaluation of network protocols and applications. Despite its original design goal, there has been a lot of interest on using dummynet as a bandwidth manager in network servers. dummynet simulates the effect of finite queues, bandwidth limitations, and queueing delays, and is embedded in the protocol stack of the host, allowing even complex experiments to be run on a single machine, using existing applications and protocol implementations. The second tool is a software implementation of an erasure code especially suited for use in network protocols. Erasure codes are used in Forward Error Correction (FEC) techniques to reduce or remove the need for retransmissions in presence of communication errors. FEC has been rarely used in network protocols, because of the encoding/decoding o..
Aglaophamus fabrun Franco & Rizzo, 2016, sp. nov.
No full textAglaophamus fabrun sp. nov. Figure 3 (A–E); Figure 8 (A–D) Type material. 11 specimens: HABITATS: Continental Shelf: Holotype: UERJ 5823 (HAB. 17 E 1 R 2, no data); Paratypes: UERJ 4968 (7 spec., HAB. 17 E 1 R 2, no data); UERJ 4967 (2 spec., 22 º 8 ’ 4.960 ’’S and 040º 27 ’ 33.740 ’’W, HAB. 16 E 3 R1, 65 m), UERJ 4969 (1 spec., 22 º 7 ’ 38.970 ’’S and 040º 18 ’ 52.510 ’’W, HAB. 16 F 3 R3, 73 m). Diagnosis. Proboscis with 10 pairs of distal papillae, circa 20 subdistal papillae in rows, each row with 3–5 papillae, and unpaired median papilla absent; prostomium with characteristic pigmentation pattern, a central spot, a pair of small eyes, and another pair embedded on anterior segments (fourth parapodium). Description. Specimens ranging from 5–22 mm long and 0.6–1 mm wide; with 12–69 chaetigers; some specimens incomplete. Description based on the complete holotype (UERJ 5823) in three parts, with 73 chaetigers, 21.5 mm long, and 0.8 mm wide (excluding chaetae). Body long and slender. Prostomium with anterior and lateral edges slightly rounded; small spot on dorsal central portion (Figure 3 A–B). Frontal pair of antennae and ventral pair of palps present. One pair of small subdermal eyes (Figure 3 B) located at base of first chaetiger, near posterolateral edge of prostomium, and another pair embedded on anterior segments (fourth parapodium), occasionally not visible (when stained) (Figure 3 B). Proboscis with 10 pairs of distal papillae; circa 20 rows, each row with 3-5 subdistal papillae. Pair of rounded nuchal organs situated on first chaetiger. First parapodia well delimited, rudimentary and positioned frontally (Figure 3 A–B); dorsal and ventral cirri short, slender and rudimentary, as are notopodial and neuropodial lobes. Ventral mouth opening occupying chaetigers 1 to 3. Interramal branchiae curved inward, present from chaetiger 3 (Figure 3 C–E); decreasing in size toward posterior region until they disappear in final portion of body. Notopodial and neuropodial preacicular lobes rounded, underdeveloped; acicular lobe small and pointed, slightly larger than preacicular; postacicular lobe larger than others, rounded, well developed and translucent (Figure 3 C–E). Notopodia less developed than neuropodia. Dorsal cirri slender, short; ventral cirri conical and developed, but short (Figure 3 C–E). Space between notopodia and neuropodia decreases gradually toward posterior chaetigers. Notopodial and neuropodial preacicular chaetae of three kinds: short and barred (Figure 8 B), short and flattened (Figure 8 C), and short and serrulate; postacicular chaetae from middle of body of two kinds: long and serrulate (Figure 8 D), and long capillary (Figure 8 A). Lyrate chaetae present on all parapodia, but in larger numbers from middle region. Pygidium rounded, small, with short pygidial cirrus. Remarks. The new species resembles Aglaophamus uruguayi Hartman, 1953, from Uruguay: both have a pair of subdermal eyes on the posterior margin of the prostomium, the proboscis with 20 rows of subdistal papillae, and chaetae of the same type. In A. uruguayi the rows of subdistal papillae contain 6 to 9 papillae each, a middorsal unpaired papilla is present, and the interramal branchiae start from chaetiger 4. Unlike the other species described from Brazil, Aglaophamus fabrun sp. nov. has the proboscis with 20 subdistal papillae in rows of 3–5, and lacks an unpaired median papilla; also, the prostomium has characteristic pigmentation, with a central dorsal spot, a feature not present in other Brazilian species of this genus. The nervous system appears as two small dark subdermal eyes located at the basis of chaetiger 4, but cannot be seen in all specimens, especially when they are stained and /or juveniles. Etymology. The species name “ fabrun ’ is dedicated to Fatima Lobôsco Bizzo (“ fa ”) and Bruno Bizzo Franco (“ brun ”), respectively, the mother and brother of the first author, combining the first letters of each name. Distribution. Known only from the Campos Basin, Brazil, in depths of 65– 73 m.Published as part of Franco, Natália Bizzo & Rizzo, Alexandra E., 2016, Nephtyidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the Campos Basin, including two new species and a new record, pp. 291-308 in Zootaxa 4114 (3) on pages 295-296, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4114.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/26458
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