1,721,001 research outputs found
Il potere vescovile nel regnum Italiae carolingio. Cultura, mobilità e pratiche sociali di un’élite politica
Full text linkScopo del presente studio è fornire un profilo del corpo episcopale italico nel regnum Italiae carolingio. Tale fine è perseguito attraverso l’adozione di una prospettiva che si è affermata soprattutto nel corso dell’ultimo ventennio, e che fa perno sul concetto di élite. Tale concetto è servito, alla più recente medievistica, a separare lo studio di detti gruppi dirigenti dagli approcci più tradizionali, che prendevano le mosse da assetti istituzionali e sistemi politici, per definire solo in un secondo tempo il ruolo giocato al loro interno dai gruppi di potere che ne facevano parte. A partire dall’ultimo decennio del Novecento, la critica storica ha tentato di andare oltre, in maniera sempre più marcata, questa prospettiva. Lo ha fatto attraverso l’adozione di strumenti concettuali mutuati, in primo luogo, da antropologia e sociologia che, nella loro generalità e precedenza rispetto a ogni concreto ordinamento politico, hanno permesso uno studio diretto delle élites politiche. Uno studio che si è caratterizzato, sin dall’inizio, non solo come superamento della centralità della riflessione politico-costituzionale in storiografia politica, ma anche come messa in discussione di narrazioni e paradigmi storiografici che avrebbero avuto, secondo i sostenitori di questa prospettiva, un ruolo fondamentale nel differenziare ambiti e oggetti privilegiati dalla ricerca storica, rispetto ad altri, relegati in secondo piano.
Da questa prospettiva prende le mosse il presente studio che, pur dedicato a uno degli attori principali della politica e della società carolingia – l’episcopato – tenta di affrontarne lo studio nella stessa prospettiva, che valorizzi il momento pratico del potere sociale e politico del corpo episcopale italico, rispetto alla sua dimensione istituzionale (sia essa da riferire all’assetto politico del regnum Italiae o a quello ecclesiastico). Per farlo, si è deciso di prendere le mosse, dopo una preliminare messa a punto del contesto metodologico entro il quale ci si muove, da una panoramica di ordine prosopografico, che metta in rilievo, secondo una prospettiva già da lungo tempo affermatasi in medievistica, l’aspetto personale del potere episcopale, il momento concreto delle reti di rapporti personali che legavano i vescovi tanto tra di loro quanto con gli attori che ne costituivano gli interlocutori politici ai vari livelli della gerarchia sociale e politica, dalla corte imperiale alle pievi. A questo primo livello, si individua, come centro della ricerca, la dialettica tra detto elemento personale e un apparato istituzionale, che talvolta trova con esso una sintesi compiuta, talvolta è integrato o direttamente superato quando non in accordo con esigenze di governo e amministrazione in grado di appoggiarsi su strumenti e canali a esso alternativi.
La rilevanza delle pratiche di potere è filo conduttore anche del prosieguo dello studio, nel quale si isola, come oggetto di studio, il momento della costruzione culturale di tale potere, e i soggetti che, in maniera precipua, ne furono protagonisti. Si mostrano, così casi di studio relativi a quella parte dell’episcopato che, muovendosi a stretto contatto con il potere regio e imperiale, costituì un gruppo ristretto, fortemente legato, personalmente e ideologicamente al regime carolingio, oltre che un fondamentale vettore di integrazione delle chiese italiche nel più ampio contesto carolingio. Integrazione che avvenne non solo ai livelli più alti delle gerarchie sociali e politiche, ma anche a livello locale, nei rapporti con le élites cittadine e del territorio, e nel rinnovamento culturale e istituzionale delle sedi episcopali, in cui questa parte dell’episcopato operò. Conclude il lavoro una compilazione prosopografica dell’episcopato italico e un prospetto della documentazione relativa alle maggiori occasioni (rilascio di diplomi, sinodi ecclesiastici, placiti) di intervento pubblico dell’episcopato.The aim of this study is to provide a profile of the Italic episcopal body in the Carolingian regnum Italiae. This aim is pursued through the adoption of a perspective that has been affirmed, in the study of the ruling groups of the Early Middle Ages, during the last twenty years, and that hinges on the concept of elite. This concept has served, in the most recent medieval studies, to separate the study of these ruling groups from the more traditional approaches, which started from institutional structures and political systems, to define only later the role played within them by the power groups that were part of them. Since the last decade of the twentieth century, historical criticism has attempted to go beyond this perspective in an increasingly marked manner. It has done so by adopting conceptual tools borrowed, first and foremost, from anthropology and sociology, which, in their generality and precedence over any concrete political order, have allowed a direct study of the political elites. From the outset, this study was characterised not only by the overcoming of the centrality of political-constitutional reflection in political historiography, but also by the questioning of historiographic narratives and paradigms which, according to the supporters of this perspective, played a fundamental role in differentiating fields and objects privileged by historical research from others relegated to the background.
This is the perspective from which the present study takes its cue. Although it is dedicated to one of the main actors of Carolingian politics and society - the episcopate - it attempts to approach the study from the same perspective, which enhances the practical moment of the social and political power of the Italic episcopal body, with respect to its institutional dimension (be it the political structure of the regnum Italiae or the ecclesiastical one). In order to do so, we decided to start, after a preliminary definition of the methodological context within which we are moving, from a prosopographical overview, which highlights, according to a perspective already long established in medieval studies, the personal aspect of episcopal power, the concrete moment of the networks of personal relationships that bound the bishops both among themselves and with the actors that constituted their political interlocutors at various levels of the social and political hierarchy, from the imperial court to the parishes. At this first level, the focus of the research is the dialectic between this personal element and an institutional apparatus, which sometimes finds a complete synthesis with it, sometimes is integrated or directly overcome when not in accordance with the needs of government and administration able to rely on alternative instruments and channels.
The relevance of the practices of power is also the leitmotif of the remainder of the study, in which the moment of the cultural construction of this power is isolated as the object of study, as well as the subjects who were the main protagonists. Thus, we show case studies related to that part of the episcopate that, moving in close contact with the royal and imperial power, constituted a restricted group, strongly linked, personally and ideologically, to the Carolingian regime, as well as a fundamental vector of integration of the Italic churches in the wider Carolingian context. This integration took place not only at the highest levels of the social and political hierarchies, but also at a local level, in relations with the city and local elites, and in the cultural and institutional renewal of the episcopal sees in which this part of the episcopate operated. The work concludes with a prosopographical compilation of the Italic episcopate and a prospectus of the documentation relating to the major occasions (issuing of diplomas, ecclesiastical synods, placits) of public intervention by the episcopate
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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