1,720,977 research outputs found
Mr. Matsui, Reiko and Shigeru Yoshinaga
No full textPhotograph of Mr. Matsui, Reiko [Matsui] Yoshinaga, and Shigeru Yoshinaga sitting on a bench. A photo from: John Yoshinaga's photo album (csudh_aiko_0224).Aiko Herzig Yoshinaga Papers includes photographs and a letter related to Aiko's life, family, and work. Aiko Herzig Yoshinaga was an activist for the Japanese American Redress movement whose research conducted for the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians (CWRIC) provided key evidence that led to redress. She later co-edited the transcription and publication of the CWRIC hearings, along with other related projects. This collection mostly includes photographs from her early life primarily focused on the years 1930-1950. Subjects in the photographs include the Jerome and Rower incarceration camps, post- World War II Japan, Japanese American soldiers, and Japanese American families
Role of vascular smooth muscle sirtuin-1 in the development of aortic aneurysm
Get PDFBACKGROUND: Aortic aneurysm (AA) affects 15, 000 individuals in the United States and 221,900 individuals in China die every year due to the dissection and rupture of an AA. Genetic disorders such as Marfan’s syndrome, increase the risk of developing AA. Our work seeks to identify novel molecular mechanisms that could become much needed therapeutic targets to prevent AA. We previously showed that the lysine deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SirT1) is crucial to protect the vascular wall against inflammatory and oxidant insults. We hypothesize that an increased oxidative stress in the vascular wall of patients with Marfan’s syndrome, inhibits SirT1 by oxidative post-translational modifications leading to vascular wall remodeling and AA.
METHODS: To test our hypothesis we used fibrillin-1 mutant mice (Fbn1mgR/mgR), a genetic model of Marfan’s syndrome prone to AA, and wild type (WT) controls. Aortic sections or vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) homogenates from WT and Fbn1mgR/mgR were prepared and processed for dihydroethidium staining, NAD/NADH measurements and in-gel zymography, respectively. In addition, we generated a mutant sirtuin-1 construct plasmid resistant to oxidative post-translational modifications as a novel tool to determine the role of sirtuin-1 in AA.
RESULTS: Our results indicate that there is an increase in oxidative stress and metalloproteinase activity in the thoracic aorta of Fbn1mgR/mgR compared to WT, while NAD/NADH is not significantly increased. In addition, we successfully generated a mutant redox-resistant sirtuin-1 plasmid for future studies.
CONCLUSION: Our preliminary data strongly suggest that targeting oxidative stress and/or preventing oxidative post-translational modifications of SirT-1 represent a potential therapeutic avenue to prevent or ameliorate AA in patients as risk, such as those with Marfan’s syndrome
The role of glutaredoxin-1 on B16F0 melanoma growth and angiogenesis in diet-induced diabetic mice
Get PDFOBJECTIVES: Recent studies have elucidated that diabetes mellitus (DM) patients exhibit an accelerated tumor progression, but the mechanism of its regulation is not yet fully understood. The following study seeks to examine the role of angiogenic factors in the growth of subcutaneously injected melanoma cancer using a diet-induced type II diabetic mouse model.
METHODS: C57BL/6 mice were fed either a regular or high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) diet for 2 months (T2DM model; confirmed through a GTT) and subcutaneously injected with B16F0 melanoma cells. After a 1-week or 2-week incubation period, the tumor was extracted to examine its size, weight, vascularity, and gene/protein expression. In vitro studies were performed using endothelial cells to assess the effects of high-glucose on endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation. GLRX expression was examined in both tumor samples and endothelial cells.
RESULTS: The results of the study showed that T2DM induced by a HFHS diet is able to promote tumor growth in both weight (2-week, p = 0.0070) and volume (1-week, p = 0.0351; 2-week, p = 0.0002). Tumors extracted from the HFHS diet group showed reduced expressions of angiogenic markers (ACTA2 (1-week, p = 0.0239; 2-week, p = 0.0123), KDR (1-week, p = 0.0091)) by western blot and a slightly reduced trend of angiogenesis (PECAM1) in histological analyses. GLRX expression was reduced in HFHS tumor samples (1-week, p = 0.0090) and, interestingly, lower amounts of GSH adducts (2-week, p = 0.0317) could be seen in 2-week tumors as well. In vitro studies of endothelial cells showed reduced trends of endothelial cell function (proliferation, migration, and tube formation) in high glucose medium. Also, it has been observed that high glucose may be able to stimulate GLRX expression in endothelial cells.
CONCLUSION: The results of the following study have confirmed that B16F0 melanoma growth is, in fact, augmented in diet-induced diabetic mice; however, the vascularity and levels of angiogenic markers from the tumor tissues did not parallel the growth in its size. In vitro studies suggested that high glucose can impair EC function (i.e. proliferation, migration, and tube formation capabilities) as well as promote GLRX expression, which may be related to this discrepancy. Glutaredoxin-1 (GLRX), an enzyme which controls redox signaling, is upregulated in DM. Endothelial cell-specific GLRX overexpression in transgenic mice was found to stimulate subcutaneously injected melanoma (B16F0) growth, despite hindering limb revascularization after hind limb ischemia. The augmented tumor progression in DM may be associated with GLRX upregulation, alongside impaired ischemic limb revascularization and tumor angiogenesis; however, the mechanism of tumor growth in diabetes still lies inconclusive and further studies need to be examined to elucidate this phenomenon
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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