125,157 research outputs found
Generalizing Choquet integral with level dependent capacities
No full textWe present a generalization of Choquet integral in which the capacity depends on the level of the aggregated variables. We show that as particular cases of our generalization of Choquet integral there are the Sugeno integral, the Sipos integral and the Cumulative Prospect Theory functional. We show also that many concepts such as Mobius transform, importance index, interaction index, k-order capacities and OWA operators, introduced in the research about Choquet integral can be generalized in the considered context
Capacità level-dependent ed integrale di Choquet generalizzato
No full textNel campo dell’analisi multicriteriale delle decisioni, l’integrale di Choquet (Choquet, 1953) e l’integrale di Sugeno (Sugeno, 1974) superano alcune limitazioni implicite in operatori di aggregazione più semplici, perché considerano esplicitamente la possibilità di interazioni sinergiche o conflittuali tra criteri (per una esaustiva disanima dell’utilizzo dell’integrale di Choquet e dell’integrale di Sugeno nell’ambito dell’analisi multicriteriale delle decisioni si veda (Grabisch e Labreuche, 2005)). Nel presente lavoro si propone una ulteriore estensione dell’integrale di Choquet, calcolato rispetto ad una capacità generalizzata, nella quale l’importanza dei criteri dipende anche dal livello delle loro valutazioni. Sorprendentemente, come si vedrà nel seguito, questa modifica consente di ottenere un modello di rappresentazione delle preferenze estremamente flessibile, che contiene come casi particolari l’integrale di Sugeno, il funzionale della Cumulative Prospect Theory (Tversky e Kahnemann 1992), l’integrale di Šipos (Šipos, 1979) ed altri operatori di aggregazione
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
La classe creativa non vive solo in città: agricoltura multifunzionale e innovazione delle filiere alimentari nei territori a mobilità «lenta» dell’Appennino Campano
No full text
Influences of a Luck Game on Offers in Ultimatum and Dictator Games: Is There a Mediation of Emotions?
No full textThe ultimatum (UG) and dictator (DG) games are two tasks where a sum of money has to be divided between two players: a proposer and a receiver. Following the rational choice theory, proposers should offer the minimum in the UG and nothing in the DG, due to the presence/absence of the receivers’ bargaining power. The fact that people generally make non-negligible offers in both games has suggested divergent explicative hypotheses and has generated extensive research to examine exogenous and endogenous factors underlying such decisions. Among the contextual factors affecting the proposers’ offers, the sense of entitlement or of ownership has been shown to reduce offers significantly. A frequent way to induce the sense of entitlement/ownership has been to assign the role of proposer to the player who apparently has better scored in skill tasks executed before the UG or DG or has more contributed, through a previous luck game, to the amount to be shared. Such manipulations, however, could produce a possible overlapping between “ownership” and “merit,” that in this study we aimed to disentangle. We manipulated the participants’ initial endowment through a luck game, by increasing, decreasing or leaving it unchanged, to investigate whether winnings or losses by chance influenced offers in UG and DG in similar or different ways depending on their respective features. All participants played as proposers but this role was apparently random and disconnected from the outcomes of the luck game. Furthermore, we investigated whether the putative effect of experimental manipulation was mediated by the changes in emotions elicited by the luck game and/or by the emotions and beliefs related to decision-making. We used a non-economic version of the games, in which tokens were divided instead of money. In the study, 300 unpaid undergraduates (M = 152) from different degree programs, aged between 18 and 42 years, participated. The results revealed that the effect of outcome manipulation on offers was moderated by the specific structure of the UG and DG. Instead, emotional reactions barely mediated the effect of the experimental manipulation, suggesting that their role in those decisions is less relevant than is assumed in the literature
Exploring efficient sets and equilibria on risky assets with ABAPO DSS prototype version 2.1
No full textUse and effectiveness of three modalities of emotion regulation after negative life events: Rumination, distraction and social sharing
No full textThis study assessed the extent and efficacy of three regulatory modalities of the emotions elicited by negative life events: rumination, distraction and social sharing. Despite the wide literature existing on this subject, to my knowledge this is the first study comparing these regulatory modalities, from adolescence to old age, in order to estimate their use and their effectiveness in function of the significance of the negative event and of the participants' gender and age. Eight hundred persons (400 female, 400 male) participated in this study: 200 adolescents (13-19); 200 young people (20-29); 200 adults (30-59); 200 old people (60- 89). They were randomly assigned to two research conditions: very significant vs. not very significant negative life events. Participants were asked to describe a very important negative life event or a not very important one and assess on 7-point scales when the event occurred, its appraisal, perceived importance and impact upon their beliefs, emotional intensity, the extent of rumination, distraction and social sharing, along with their relative frequency and duration, and their effectiveness to re-establish cognitive equilibrium and modulate the negative emotional burden; finally, the recovery from the event was assessed. Qualitative data were treated through log-linear analyses. Quantitative data were first reduced by performing principal component analyses and then submitted to mediational regression analyses to evaluate the incidence of event significance on the three regulatory modalities through mediator variables (referred to the perceived cognitive and emotional event impact), controlling for gender and age. Finally, multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the effectiveness of rumination, distraction and social sharing in recovering from the event. In brief, results showed that the significant events produced a higher cognitive and emotional impact than the less significant ones. Such impact, in turn, elicited a greater use of rumination and social sharing, a more consistent sense of pervasiveness of rumination and paradoxical effect of distraction. Instead, a suppression effect emerged on the use and perceived effectiveness of distraction. The recovery from the event was positively predicted by the temporal distance from the event and the perceived effectiveness of rumination and social sharing, whereas it was negatively predicted by the use and extent of rumination, the cognitive impact of the event and the paradoxical effect of distraction. Females were more affected by the event impact and resorted to rumination and social sharing more than males. With age the use of social sharing and distraction grew. The theoretical implications of these results are discussed
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