1,721,207 research outputs found
Pharmacological and biological aspects of basic research on nucleoside-based reverse transcriptase inhibitors
No full textAntiretrovirals have progressively entered clinical practice since the discovery of the association between the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Among the classes of drugs which have shown efficacy against HIV, nucleoside-based reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) have been extensively investigated in both their basic and therapeutic aspects. The basic mechanism of the effects of NRTIs relies on interaction with both viral and host cell functions. This implies that NRTIs could act not only by inhibiting viral genome replication, but also by interfering with some basic mechanism regulating cell growth and death. According to these characteristics, NRTIs might share several similarities with antineoplastic agents, including side effects. In this article, we have briefly reviewed the pharmacological activities of NRTIs in viral replication, neoplastic growth and cellular functions. These aspects might be involved both in the beneficial and adverse effects of NRTI
L’ONOMASTICA AFRICANA. Congresso della Société du Maghreb préhistorique antique et médiéval Porto Conte Ricerche (Alghero, 28/29 settembre 2007)
No full textProgrammed cell death and natural killer cells in multiple sclerosis: New potential therapeutic targets?
Full text linkIl più antico miliario della Sardegna dalla strada A Tibulas Sulcos
No full textThe milestone analysed is a valuable confirmation of some key aspects of the topography of the Roman province of Sardinia. It sets the route between Bosa and Cornus, redefining the ancient road further to the west and near the coast than the current road, which borders the Montiferru hills. Furthermore, epigraphy is the main indicator to the activity of proconsul M. Cornuficius, which provided to build a road segment. Considering these features, the same route seems to be a part of the western coastal route that was conceived from Punic age to connect the main Phoenician and Punic colonies of Sardinia
Modulation of Apoptosis During HTLV-1-Mediated Immortalization Process In Vitro
No full textSuppression of apoptosis has been proposed as a mechanism involved in the transforming action of human T-cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus
type-1 (HTLV-1). However, there is evidence that HTLV-1 and its protein Tax also induce apoptosis.
To resolve this apparent paradox, apoptosis was
monitored in primary cultures of peripheral blood
lymphocytes (PBLs) from healthy donors, following
HTLV-1 infection in vitro. High levels of
apoptosis in HTLV-1 infected cultures during the
first weeks after infection were detected. Apoptosis
was not related to the presence of uninfected
cells, as revealed by a fluorescence in situ
hybridization assay. Successively, a progressive
decrease in apoptosis in infected cultures going
towards immortalization, was observed. When
IL-2 in the medium was replaced by IL-4, allowing
the cells to be efficiently infected by HTLV-1 but
not immortalized, apoptosis levels tended to
increase, instead of decreasing, with the ongoing
time. The caspase cascade was remarkably activated
in PBLs recently infected in vitro by HTLV-1,
but apoptosis was only partly reduced by caspase
inhibitors. Even if spontaneous apoptosis was
relatively low in long-term cultures of PBLs immortalized
by HTLV-1 in vitro, Fas death-receptor
expression and function were well conserved.
These observations provide a new rationale for
explaining the dual effect of HTLV-1 in controlling
apoptosis
L'Africa romana : Civitas: l’organizzazione dello spazio urbano nel Nord Africa ed in Sardegna : atti del 10. Convegno di studio : Oristano, 11-13 dicembre 1992
No full textDedicato al tema «Civitas: l’organizzazione dello spazio urbano nel Nord Africa ed in Sardegna», il X Convegno internazionale di studi su “L’Africa Romana” si è svolto ad Oristano tra l’11 ed il 13 dicembre 1992, con la partecipazione di oltre cento studiosi italiani, europei e nord-africani, per iniziativa del Dipartimento di Storia e del Centro di studi interdisciplinari sulle Province Romane dell’Università di Sassari, sotto il patrocinio dell’Association Internationale d’Epigraphie Grecque et Latine.L’opera, dedicata alla memoria di un grande maestro recentemente scomparso, Marcel Le Glay, documenta l’estendersi di una rete di rapporti tra studiosi e ricercatori, che si è formata a partire dal primo Convegno su “L’Africa Romana”, svoltosi a Sassari nell’ormai lontano dicembre 1983; da allora l’iniziativa del Dipartimento di Storia dell’Università di Sassari è divenuta un grande appuntamento internazionale, un momento annuale di incontro tra gli antichisti che si occupano del Nord Africa e della Sardegna e delle relazioni con le altre province romane del Mediterraneo occidentale.Il volume sviluppa e discute il tema dell’urbanistica delle città del Nord Africa, con ampi confronti con la Sardegna e le altre province romane. Vengono trattati temi di archeologia, di geografia storica, di topografia, di storia dell’arte, di prosopografia, di epigrafia, di numismatica, di linguistica, di storia della letteratura, di storia del diritto, di storia militare, di storia della costituzione e dell’amministrazione, di storia dell’economia e di storia sociale
L'imperatore pacator orbis
No full textIl saggio affronta il tema della Pax nella propaganda di età repubblicana e imperiale, con particolare attenzione alle fonti numismatiche ed epigrafiche ma senza trascurare, laddove possibile, quelle letterarie ed archeologiche. Pax ha avuto un peso determinante nella società romana solo in età augustea, con Commodo e Caracalla, infine fra il dominato di Aureliano e quello di Costantino, forse perché a Roma era profondamente radicata l’idea che il primato in battaglia e non la pace costituivano le fondamenta della res publica; la figura dell’imperatore pacator ebbe scarso successo nella parte orientale dell’impero, soprattutto se pensiamo che Eiréne era una figura non marginale all’interno della cultura greco-ellenistica
Emergence of double-positive CD4/CD8 cells from adult peripheral blood mononuclear cells infected with human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I)
No full textIt is known that the human T lymphotropic retrovirus type I (HTLV-I) preferentially selects lymphocytes expressing the CD4 phenotype in vivo and in vitro. The present study shows that the emergence of double-positive (DP) CD4/CD8 cells was a constant, even if transient, phenomenon occurring in early phases after the in vitro HTLV-I infection of adult human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Moreover, purified CD8+ lymphocytes, isolated from human PBMC after challenge with HTLV-I, gave origin to a relatively stable DP CD4/CD8 cell line after a few weeks in culture. Conversely, isolated CD4+ T lymphocytes did not show DP emergence during either the early phases of HTLV-I infection or long-term culture. One of the DP cell lines was maintained in culture for more than 1 year and was characterized on the basis of virological and phenotypic features. This cell line bore HTLV-I sequences as demonstrated by PCR analysis, and 60-90% of the DP cells expressed the virus core protein p19. In addition the phenotype of this DP cell line infected with HTLV-I highly expressed antigens associated to activation such as CD45R0, CD18, and CD54
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