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Shift-work seniority increases the importance of sleep disorders. A comparison between different shift-working categories
No full textShift-work disrupts the sleep-wake cycle and could bring about sleep disorders and excessive daytime sleepiness. We studied two samples of shift-workers, a group of 178 nurses and one of 174 police officers, all working in the town of Palermo (Italy); their answers to a sleep disorder questionnaire were scored and added in order to create a Sleep Disorder Score (SDS). The SDS cut-off value, discrimining pathological values from physiological ones, was settled a-priori. In both groups SDS did not depend on sex, age, weight, height nor on working seniority, but it increased non linearly (cubic form) with shift-work seniority. In nurses this mathematical description of SDS exceeded the cut-off value after 15 years of shift-work seniority; in police officers it settled asymptotically under the critical value. This could be ascribable both to the different composition in sex of the two samples (nurses: 49% F-51% M vs. police officers: 6% F-94% M) both to the self-selection process that seems to undergo police officers (nurses do not leave shift-work because of salary incentives
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Corrigendum to “Screening, diagnosis, and management of obstructive sleep apnea in dangerous-goods truck drivers: to be aware or not?” [Sleep Med. 2016;25:98–104] (S1389945716301538) (10.1016/j.sleep.2016.05.015))
No full textThe authors regret that the following paragraph included within the original text of the paper requires amendment. Original text: After two years of treatment (mean CPAP use, min/night: 345.3 ± 31.7, mean percentage of days of CPAP use >4 h: 80.9 ± 9.8), ESS showed a significant reduction with normalization of values (from 17 ± 3 to 8 ± 2, p < 0.001). Should be amended to: “In the two years of treatment, mean CPAP use was 345.3 ± 31.7 min/night, and the mean percentage of days of CPAP use >4 h was 80.9 ± 9.8. In the seven subjects with ESS > 10, ESS showed a significant reduction with normalization of the values after CPAP (from 17 ± 3 to 8 ± 2, p < 0.001).” The on-line version of the paper, available via ScienceDirect, has been updated accordingly. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused
Screening, diagnosis, and management of obstructive sleep apnea in dangerous-goods truck drivers: to be aware or not?
No full textObjective:
The aims of this study were: to evaluate a homogeneous sample of truck drivers of danger-
ous goods (TDDGs) in order to assess the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and to verify the
secondary risk of motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) and near miss accidents (NMAs) in this population.
Methods: A sample of 283 male TDDGs was evaluated. None of the subjects reported OSA symptoms before
screening. Clinical and physical evaluation, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the items on OSA from
the Sleep Disorder Score (SDS) questionnaire were used to select subjects with suspicion of OSA.
Polysomnography (PSG) was performed to confirm the diagnosis of OSA. The frequency of MVAs and NMAs
was assessed at baseline for the whole sample, and also for the drivers with severe OSA after two years
of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment.
Results:
The mean age of the sample was 42.3
±
8.3 years. A total of 139 (49.1%) subjects had suspected
OSA, and the PSG study confirmed the diagnosis in 35.7%. A significant association between OSA sever-
ity and NMAs was observed, and subjects with severe OSA showed a near five-fold increased risk of NMAs
(OR
=
4.745, 95% CI 1.292–17.424,
p
=
0.019). After two years of CPAP treatment, the rate of NMAs was
comparable with drivers without OSA, showing the efficacy of therapy.
Conclusion:
This study showed an unexpected high prevalence of OSA in TDDGs. Untreated subjects with
severe OSA had a significantly increased risk of NMAs. In professional drivers, screening, treatment, and
management of OSA are mandatory for reducing road accident risk and improving road safety
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