1,720,957 research outputs found
Abitudini e stato nutrizionale dei ragazzi toscani: confronto 2002-2006
No full textIntroduzione La Regione Toscana ha avviato uno studio di sorveglianza nutrizionale nel territorio regionale per raccogliere dati su alimentazione, attività fisica e stato nutrizionale dei ragazzi di 8-9 anni, al fine di orientare le attività educative e preventive sul tema della preobesità e dell’obesità in età evolutiva.
Obiettivi Raccolta sistematica e continua di dati relativi allo stato nutrizionale e alle abitudini alimentari dei ragazzi di terza elementare, per monitorare la presenza e la distribuzione di stati morbosi associati o mediati dalla dieta, al fine di prevenirli.
Metodi Le rilevazioni vengono svolte ogni quattro anni su un campione, rappresentativo di tutta la Regione, di ragazzi di 9 anni che frequentano la terza elementare.
I valori antropometrici, (altezza e peso corporeo) sono rilevati con misurazioni dirette e standardizzate per calcolare l’Indice di Massa Corporea (IMC). Le classi dei ragazzi normopeso, preobesi e obesi sono individuate utilizzando i valori soglia dell’IMC, per l’età evolutiva, secondo il metodo di T. J. Cole.
Le abitudini alimentari sono rilevate tramite l’utilizzo di un Questionario di frequenza alimentare.
Risultati Dai risultati della prima rilevazione, del 2002, emerge che la prevalenza del sovrappeso complessiva è di 31.4%, (di cui 8.8% obesi), senza sostanziale differenza fra maschi e femmine. Tale valore raggiunge il 33.4% nella seconda rilevazione del 2006 (di cui 8.3% obesi).
In sintesi si può osservare che le variazioni registrate sono minime con leggera diminuzione dei normo-sottopeso (-2%) e degli obesi (-0.5%) e leggero aumento dei preobesi.
La frequenza relativa di coloro che dichiarano di consumare frutta quasi tutti i giorni (5-7 giorni la settimana) diminuisce passando dal 70,2% nel 2002 al 49.6% nel 2006.
Analogamente si evidenzia una diminuzione del consumo di verdura che passa da un iniziale 41,8% del 2002 al 34.4% nel 2006.
Conclusioni Grazie alla sistematica raccolta dei dati sullo stato nutrizionale e sui comportamenti alimentari dei ragazzi toscani, è stato possibile progettare interventi di educazione alla salute ad hoc rispetto ai quali è sempre più urgente programmare studi di valutazione della loro efficacia.
Le modifiche al protocollo introdotte in seguito alla sperimentazione e all’avvio dello studio internazionale Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC), dell’Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità, consentono, a partire dal 2006, di avere un quadro più ampio che abbraccia le età che vanno da 9 a 15 anni compresi
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Injury Mortality in Tuscany, 1987-2001
No full textIntroduction. Injuries are a considerable public health problem throughout the world and account for deaths, disability and suffering. We know that injuries are a rather heterogeneous group of illnesses, with different aetiology and risk groups, which share one important thing, namely the fact that they can all be prevented. Given that access to information is the key to sound policy-making, this paper provides an overview of injury mortality in Tuscany over the past 15 years. Methods. Information on deaths from major external causes (Codes: E900-E999) from 1987 to 2001 was obtained from the Tuscan Mortality Register. Mortality indicators by all injuries and major categories (road traffic injuries, falls, suicide, etc.) were calculated and analyzed according to the triad of time, place and person. Results. In the fifteen-year period considered, 27,844 injury deaths were registered (16,606 males and 11,238 females). The standardized rates were higher in males (52.7/100,000) than in females (21.4/100,000). From 1987 to 2001, we observed that while the death rates decreased in both males (-18%) and females (-19%), the number of deaths increased among females (+ 5%) when the ageing of the population is taken into consideration. Southern areas showed a higher risk of mortality. Discussion. Major advancements in the control of injuries will rely on evidence-based preventive actions
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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