1,720,968 research outputs found
Silicoasbestosi: presentazione di tre casi clinici
No full textSilicoasbestosis is a rare pneumoconiosis due to the combined sclerosing effect of crystalline silica and asbestos fibres. We present here three cases (males, age: 66-75 years), recently reported to the judicial and workers' compensation authorities. The exposures occurred in the building and siderurgic industries, several years before retirement. The radiological pictures were characterized by diffuse nodular opacities, interstitial alterations, emphysema, pleuric plaques and thickenings. The patients described show that, still nowadays, silicoasbestosis may be observed in the clinical setting. Accurate occupational and environmental anamnesis are helpful for the correct diagnosis which, in turn, is important for prognosis and treatment, and in relation to medicolegal issues
Ipoacusia da rumore in manutentori di linee elettriche ad alta tensione
No full textL’ipoacusia da rumore rappresenta un tema di grande attualità in Medicina del lavoro, per la sua rilevanza epidemiologica, per il complesso iter diagnostico e per i risvolti medico-legali e assicurativi. Il presente lavoro descrive i rilievi clinici e audiometrici di 45 manutentori di linee elettriche ad alta tensione sottoposti a visita periodica di sorveglianza sanitaria. Gli esami effettuati hanno permesso di diagnosticare nel 49% dei casi una ipoacusia da rumore (“pura” nel 27% e mista –con concorso di altra causa– nel 22% dei casi). Tali dati, inaspettati, indicano che i manutentori di linee elettriche devono essere considerati una categoria professionale ad alto rischio di danni uditivi da rumore; confermano inoltre la necessità di una più adeguata rispondenza alla normativa vigente in tema di prevenzione
Rabdomiolisi in operaio esposto ad olii minerali paraffinici. Insolita associazione con bronchiolite obliterante e polmonite organizzativa (BOOP)
No full textWe describe a 29-year-old worker; exposed to metal dust, sawdust and paraffinic mineral oils in a factory producing accessories for leather articles and clothing, who came to observation with fever (39 degrees C), chest pain and marked increase of muscular enzymes. Chest computed tomography showed two areas of lung consolidation, that subsequently appeared enlarged with central escavation. Lung biopsy lead to the diagnosis of BOOP. The case has been reported to the judicial and workers' compensation authorities as probable occupational toxic myopathy. Indeed, exposure to paraffinic mineral oils is a known, though unusual, cause of rhabdomyolysis. The association with BOOP has never been previously described
Asbestos-related diseases: a five years clinical experience
No full textOccupational and environmental asbestos exposure continues to represent a public health problem, despite increasingly restrictive laws adopted by most industrialized countries.
We present 59 subjects with past asbestos exposure (42 males, 17 females; mean age: 62 years), who came to our observation from November 2000 to September 2005, as outpatients (36) or day-hospital cases (23). They underwent occupational health visit (with accurate occupational and environmental anamnesis) and laboratory/instrumental diagnostic procedures (as indicated in the single cases), including: blood/urine testing, ECG, chest radiography with ILO classification, computed tomography (conventional or high resolution), spirometry, six minutes walking test, hemogasanalysis, bronchoalveolar lavage (with search for asbestos bodies or fibers), histopathology, and immunohistochemistry (in mesothelioma cases).
Fortyfive subjects had been exposed to asbestos occupationally, and 6 in the general environment. In 8 cases the exposure had been combined (occupational and environmental). The occupational exposures had occurred in the following productive activities: building, shipyards, hydraulics, electrotechnics, metal industry, textile industry, agriculture. At least one asbestos-related pathological condition was diagnosed in 32 patients: 17 cases of pleural plaques, 8 of asbestosis (with pleural plaques in 6 patients), 6 of pleural mesothelioma, 1 of peritoneal mesothelioma. The occupational cases were reported to the Judicial Authority (as established by the Italian Penal Code), and referred to the Italian Workers’ Compensation Authority (INAIL).
Our case record indicate that, although asbestos is banned in Italy since 1992, asbestos-related diseases continue to be commonly observed in the clinical practice. Worrisome is the individuation of 7 cases of mesothelioma (one of them peritoneal). This finding agrees with epidemiological projections suggesting that the mortality from pleural mesothelioma in Western Europe each year will almost double until around 2018. Thus, sanitary and epidemiologic surveillance of people ex-exposed to asbestos should continue, to identify and treat the long latency cases, and to evaluate the effects of low doses exposures
Rischi professionali nelle Forze dell'Ordine
No full textIl presente lavoro cerca di identificare i fattori professionali di rischio (fisici, chimici, biologici, psicologici), variabili in funzione dei compiti e delle mansioni, ai quali è esposto l’eterogeneo personale operante nelle Forze dell’Ordine. La lotta alla criminalità e il mantenimento dell’ordine pubblico comportano rischi (talora mortali) di natura traumatica, oltre a esporre ad affaticamento psicofisico e sensoriale, a condizioni macro- e microclimatiche sfavorevoli, al rischio di baropatìe (aeronavigazione, attività subacquee), a rumore (generato dalle armi da fuoco e da numerose altre fonti), a vibrazioni e scuotimenti (armi automatiche, mezzi di trasporto), al rischio di infortuni elettrici, a radiazioni ionizzanti (raggi X e ) e non ionizzanti (raggi ultravioletti, microonde e onde radio, campi elettromagnetici). Fattori di rischio chimici comprendono monossido di carbonio e altri prodotti di combustione (incendi, traffico veicolare), sostanze liberate in caso di incidenti chimici, aggressivi irritanti-lacrimogeni, piombo (poligoni di tiro, officine, inquinamento ambientale), solventi, lubrificanti e oli da taglio (officine, carrozzerie), materiali e reattivi di laboratorio, agenti irritanti e/o allergizzanti contenuti nei guanti. I principali rischi biologici sono il tetano, le malattie a trasmissione ematica (epatiti virali, AIDS), le malattie a diffusione aerea (es. tubercolosi, legionellosi, meningite cerebrospinale epidemica), le zoonosi trasmissibili dal cane o dal cavallo. Frequente è infine la patologia da stress, con manifestazioni emotive, psicosomatiche e comportamentali inquadrabili, a seconda dei casi, nella sindrome del burn-out, nel disturbo post-traumatico da stress, in disturbi dell’adattamento.
La presenza di numerosi e diversificati rischi occupazionali impone anche nell’ambito delle Forze dell’Ordine l’applicazione dei princìpi della medicina del lavoro, comprendenti identificazione e valutazione del rischio, formazione e informazione, misure preventive tecnico-ambientali, dispositivi di protezione individuale, sorveglianza sanitaria e monitoraggio biologico, interventi clinici (diagnosi, terapia e riabilitazione degli infortuni sul lavoro e delle malattie professionali), adeguato riconoscimento medico-legale e assicurativo dei danni alla persona eventualmente subiti
Ex-esposti ad amianto: analisi di una casistica ambulatoriale e di day-hospital (Pavia, novembre 2000 – marzo 2005)
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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