1,720,982 research outputs found
Measuring and detecting situations of need and deprivation using Graded Response models
Full text linkWe exploit information on living conditions of households to build an estimation of their degree of need and deprivation. The information we use is often subjective and we assume that deprivation is a latent variable that we estimate with item response theory models on Italian data. Then, we relate this estimated trait to more objective and observable variables that thus could be used within policy actions and welfare programmes to pinpoint situations where the estimated deprivation is high
Measuring and detecting situations of need and deprivation using Graded Response Models
Full text linkIn the present work we exploit information on living conditions of individuals to build an estimation of their degree of need and deprivation. The information we use have often subjective components that help in identifying situations of need and we assume that deprivation is a latent variable that we estimate with IRT models on Italian data. We then relate this estimated trait to more objective and observable variables that thus could be used within policy actions and welfare programs to pinpoint situations where the estimated deprivation is high
Towards improved measures in innovation management research: an Application of Item Response Theory to Open Innovation.
No full textSolving the heterogeneity puzzle: a comparative look at SMEs growth determinants in open and closed innovation patterns
No full textThis study enhances the current understanding of the extent to which
the open innovation paradigm is embedded in SMEs by identifying and
comparing three different and unrelated configurations of innovation practices
(closed, partner-oriented and user-oriented innovation). It also contributes to
the ongoing empirical debate on open innovation in SMEs by exploring the
influence that new knowledge generation capacity, absorptive capacity and
appropriation capacity exert as growth determinants in the different patterns.
The results have both theoretical and practical relevance, giving consistency to
the hypothesis that SMEs pursuing different innovation patterns have different
paths to growth
Teacher allocation and school performance in Italy
Full text linkItaly's secondary school system faced budget cuts, which limit availability of new permanent job slots for teachers. The allocation of these slots favours teachers with more seniority such that the age distribution of teachers across schools reflects older teachers' preferences for being close to urban centres. Using schools' distance from main urban centres and population size in the school's vicinity to instrument for non-random exposure of schools to older teachers, we show older teachers are detrimental to pupil attainment. The effect is large: a 6-year increase in the age of teachers leads to a one standard deviation reduction in the graduation mark
The many shades of ‘openness’: an application of item response theory to open innovation research
Full text linkThis study addresses one of the most basic research questions investigated in the Open
Innovation (OI) literature: how open are firms? This question has remained partially unan-
swered given the challenges encountered by empirical research in assessing the relevance
of specific OI practices within the OI model, as well as the types of activities perceived by
managers as OI benefits or concerns. To provide an answer to this question, we suggest a
framework using Item Response Theory to improve over current measures of firms’ open-
ness and test it on a sample of 383 technology-based SMEs. Our theoretical model conceives
openness as an instance of how firms make decisions regarding the adoption of different
OI practices based on their evaluation of OI benefits and concerns. Focusing on the rela-
tionship between firm-level differences in terms of openness and the types of OI practices
adopted by these firms, we show that significantly different levels of ‘OI maturity’ are
required to broaden the scope of external partnerships and to shift from non-pecuniary OI
modes (relation-based approaches) toward pecuniary (transaction-based) practices. Our
results have relevant implications for the OI literature and provide new managerial insight
into OI adoption
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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