1,721,555 research outputs found
Canine adenoviruses and herpesvirus
No full textCanine adenoviruses (CAVs) and canine herpesvirus; (CHV) are pathogens of dogs that have been known for several decades. The two distinct types of CAVs, type 1 and type 2, are responsible for infectious canine hepatitis and 'infectious tracheobronchitis, respectively. In the present article, the currently available literature on CAVs and CHV is reviewed, providing a meaningful update on the epidemiologic, pathogenetic, clinical, diagnostic, and prophylactic aspects of the infections caused by these important pathogens
Evolution of CPV-2 and implicance for antigenic/genetic characterization
No full textA few amino acid differences in the viral protein VP2 account for important antigenic and biological changes among feline parvovirus (FPV), canine parvovirus (CPV-2) and CPV-2 variants 2a and 2b. Several pieces of evidence suggest that CPV-2 is still evolving as additional amino acid changes occurred within the main antigenic regions of CPV-2 capsid, altering the antigenic profile of the virus and stressing the need for implementing the diagnostic assays
Canine distemper virus
No full textVaccine-based prophylaxis has greatly helped to keep distemper disease under control. Notwithstanding, the incidence of canine distemper virus (CDV)-related disease in canine populations throughout the world seems to have increased in the past decades, and several episodes of CDV disease in vaccinated animals have been reported, with nationwide proportions in some cases. Increasing surveillance should be pivotal to identify new CDV variants and to understand die dynamics of CDV epidemiology. In addition, it is important to evaluate whether the efficacy of the vaccine against these new strains may somehow be affected
CANINE RESPIRATORY VIRUSES
No full textAcute contagious respiratory disease (kennel cough) is commonly described in dogs worldwide. The disease appears to be multifactorial and a number of viral and bacterial pathogens have been reported as potential aetiological agents, including canine parainfluenza virus, canine adenovirus and Bordetella bronchiseptica, as well as mycoplasmas, Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus, canine herpesvirus and reovirus-1,-2 and -3. Enhancement of pathogenicity by multiple infections can result in more severe clinical forms. In addition, acute respiratory diseases associated with infection by influenza A virus, and group I and II coronaviruses, have been described recently in dogs. Host species shifts and tropism changes are likely responsible for the onset of these new pathogens. The importance of the viral agents in the kennel cough complex is discussed
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