1,720,999 research outputs found
Non locality, Topology, Formal Languages: New Global Tools to Handle Large Data Sets
No full textThe basic idea that stems out of this work is that large sets of data can be handled through an organized set of mathematical and computational tools rooted in a global geometric vision of data space allowing to explore the structure and hidden information patterns thereof. Based on this perspective, the objective is naturally that of discovering and letting emerge, directly from probing the data space, the manifold hidden relations (patterns), e.g. correlations among facts, interactions among entities, relations among concepts and formally describing, in a semantic mining context, the discovered information. In this note, we propose an approach that exploits topological methods for classifying global information into equivalence classes and regular languages for describing the corresponding automaton as element an of hidden complex system
The Immune System as a Metaphor for Topology Driven Patterns Formation in Complex Systems
No full textArtificial Immune Systems (AIS) [1] include algorithms and systems that use the human immune system as inspiration. The human immune system is a robust, decentralised, error tolerant and adaptive system. Such properties are highly desirable for the development of novel computer systems, but also - we would like to say - for characterizing complex systems and for contributing to the growth of complexity science
The future of the Research Doctorate: a challenge for innovation, multidisciplinarity and the business world
No full textTopological Field Theory of Data: Mining Data Beyond Complex Networks
No full textPreface: Modern science is witnessing a peak of intense activity toward the study
of complex systems. This new topic is a very heterogeneous variety of ap-
proaches, methods and perspectives that share the common attempt to un-
derstand the collective behavior of a very large number of units correlated
by simple competitive and cooperative interactions. These type of investi-
gations have indeed appeared several times in the past. Recently tough, the
availability of large databases and the advent of unprecedented computer
facilities have created a fertile ground for the current boost. Moreover the
progress made in the studies of non-homogenous, disordered systems of the
last two decades has produced new promising approaches and technical tools
for applied research topics. The analysis of such objects has led to a fruitful
dialog involving mathematics and physics as founding and guiding disciplines,
with an increasingly growing contribution of specic problems from the socio-
economical, biological and other sciences. The present book is a collection of
selected contributions by leading world experts toward the process of build-
ing up a rigorous conceptual framework within these new ideas that have
irrigated the exact sciences, revealing a host of new questions, strategies and
solutions.
The volume opens with the contribution by Mario Rasetti and Emanuela
Merelli that focuses on a a new approach to Data Science that challenges
the traditional ones. ..
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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