1,720,965 research outputs found
EU AGRICULTURAL POLICY EVOLUTION TO INCORPORATE INNOVATION AND SUSTAINABILITY
No full textLa tesi seguirà il processo di sviluppo in occasione della riforma 2013 della PAC. Senza tentare di fare un'analisi approfondita sui successi e gli insuccessi del quadro politico precedente, si concentrerà più sui le opinioni delle parti interessate sulle sfide della politica stava affrontando alla data e le possibili soluzioni proposte dalle parti interessate a prendere il la politica in avanti.
Una visione a 360 ° delle posizioni assunte dalle parti interessate rivelerà loro valutazione dell'efficacia della politica, l'efficacia degli strumenti esistenti per affrontare le nuove sfide, nonché identificherà le nuove direzioni che essi propongono per lo sviluppo delle politiche per affrontare le sfide future. Tale analisi consentirà l'identificazione del luogo e l'importanza data dalla parti interessate per la promozione dell'innovazione e della sostenibilità nel settore agricolo attraverso gli strumenti della PAC.
La tesi si propone di cogliere il ruolo delle diverse opinioni delle parti interessate nello sviluppo della politica e quindi di fare un'analisi delle sfide e delle opportunità parti interessate devono affrontare nel contesto della implementatione delle politiche agricole.The thesis will follow the policy development process during the 2013 reform of the CAP. Without attempting to make an in-depth expert analysis on the successes and failures of the previous policy framework, it will focus more on reflecting the opinions of the stakeholders on the challenges the policy was facing at date and possible solutions proposed by stakeholders to take the policy forward.
A 360° vision on the positions taken by stakeholders will reveal their assessment of the effectiveness of the policy, the efficacy of existing instruments to address new challenges as well as will identify the new directions they propose for policy development to meet future challenges. Such an analysis will allow identifying the place and importance given by stakeholders to the promoting innovation and sustainability in the agricultural sector through the instruments of the CAP.
The thesis aims at capturing the role of the various stakeholder opinions in the development of the policy and then to make an analysis of the challenges and opportunities stakeholders face in the context of the new policy implementation
Greening, new frontiers for research and employment in the agro-food sector
No full textThe "greening" of the European Union's (EU) Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is meant to protect and enhance biodiversity as well as to make food production more sustainable by encouraging, for example, the responsible use of natural resources. The "greening" process seems to be driven by, first of all, the policy push through various policy and regulatory measures. Farmers have to invest time and resources in maintaining permanent grasslands, practice crop diversification and manage ecological focus areas for which they will receive compensation from the EU. "Greening" is also driven by the consumer or market pull generated by preferences for more sustainably produced food and sustainability initiatives along the agro-food chain. EU investments in research and development activities are required for the successful implementation of greening practices. Professionals from different disciplines are called upon to provide, in the next few years, solutions for all the new requirements in order to realize a sustainable and socially and economically healthy agricultural system. Besides this, farmers need support to implement and manage greening measures, but also to reap the benefits of their investments by networking and engaging with stakeholders higher in the agro-food chain, such as retailers and supermarkets. This is not only to assure sustainability at processing, packaging and storage, but also to increase visibility of farmers' practices to consumers through communication that may help influencing consumers' choices. These factors are currently not given the importance they need by the EU, but are crucial for a successful "greening". © 2013 Elsevier B.V
Stakeholder consultations and opportunities for integrating socio- behavioural factors into the pesticide risk analysis process
No full texthe pesticide risk analysis process is well regulated in the EU, especially in relation to placing on the market authorisation procedures, but in order to avoid risks for human health and environment in the use phase, information on how these substances are employed and on socio-behavioural fac- tors that can influence the exposure have to be taken into account. To better explore reasons about the gap between risk assessment and risk management, within the EU FP7 Health and Environmental Risks: Organisation, Integration and Cross-fertilisation of Scientific Knowledge (HEROIC) pro- ject, a stepwise stakeholder’s consultation process was devel- oped using a mixed approach in two different phases (survey and roundtable). We elicited stakeholder views regarding fac- tors that could limit the pesticide risk assessment phase linked on how the knowledge is produced and the way the data are used in risk management and in risk communication, also taking into account qualitative factors such as responsibility, trust and behaviours, which could have impact on risk assess- ment policies. Activities deployed indicate that some changes and interaction are needed to better define the problems at the formulation stage, and the type of information risk assessor has to provide, to better inform risk manager in addressing different societal needs, to strengthen the credibility of the process of risk assessment and improve the effectiveness of policies. Integrations between disciplines may initially in- crease the complexity but in turn will provide a better and more useful estimation of the risk, reinforce transparency and drive a more efficient use of risk management resources
Enhance knowledge on sustainable use of plant protection products within the framework of the Sustainable Use Directive
No full textBACKGROUND: In 2008-2009, a survey in the Emilia Romagna region of Italy collected information on the farm use of plant protection products (PPPs) and evaluated whether the provisions of the Directive for the Sustainable Use of Pesticides are applicable. It was concluded that the provisions can be implemented, even if some gaps need to be filled and also the behaviour of farmers needs to be improved. Moreover, it was observed that all stages in the use of PPPs on farms could generate risks for the operator and/or the environment. One of the recommendations is to promote training for operators and to adopt good agronomic practices in order to improve sustainable use of PPPs. RESULTS: The findings were used, in the following years, to develop a Guideline for Sustainable Use of PPPs to help the user in identifying the flaws in current practices at farm level as well as their corresponding corrective actions. The Guidelines are accompanied by free online software to be used as a diagnostic tool as well as to provide recommendations for improvements. CONCLUSION: The approach adopted, taking into account the variability in farm structure, cropping pattern, risk attitude and economic availability, is not an instrument to identify the most suitable protection strategy for a given crop in a given period, but to help professional users to improve their practices in managing PPPs on farms and to make the most appropriate choices leading to reduced environmental and human risk, without compromising the profitability of agricultural production and food standards. This work has, as an underlying principle, a holistic approach to link the different elements of the three pillars of sustainability (environment, economy and society) and to enhance knowledge, which represents one of the main aspects of the Directive. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
The stakeolder consultation process in developing training and awareness raisin material within the framework of the eu directive on sustainabler use of pesticide: the case of eu project browse
No full textIn September 2009, the Council of the European Union adopted the Directive on Sustainable Use of Pesticides
SUD). The core idea is that in order to achieve sustainable use of pesticides, it is necessary that everyone is
conscious about the risks to both human health and the environment associated with the use of plant protection
products. Therefore, in the SUD, training and raising awareness play key roles in order to achieve the objectives
of the directive. In this sense, the European-founded project BROWSE (Bystanders, Residents,
Operators and WorkerS Exposure models for plant protection products) has, as one of its main objectives,
to contribute to the implementation of the SUD through the development and dissemination of communication
materials for training and raising awareness. For this reason, a consultation process was implemented
involving all relevant stakeholders in order to identify their opinions regarding the subjects to be prioritised,
the factors influencing pesticide exposure to be focused on and the most suitable formats to develop training
and awareness-raising material as well as identification of target groups. To collect the required information,
participants were asked to answer an electronic questionnaire (giving the possibility through several debates
for additional comments). The collected findings and the ensuing debates are described in this article and are
going to be taken into account in the development of the BROWSE training and communication material for
the raising of awareness
Perspectives for integrating human and environmental risk assessment and synergies with socio-economic analysis
No full textFor more than a decade, the integration of human and environmental risk assessment (RA) has become an attractive vision. At the same time, existing European regulations of chemical substances such as REACH (EC Regulation No. 1907/2006), the Plant Protection Products Regulation (EC regulation 1107/2009) and Biocide Regulation (EC Regulation 528/2012) continue to ask for sector-specific RAs, each of which have their individual information requirements regarding exposure and hazard data, and also use different methodologies for the ultimate risk quantification. In response to this difference between the vision for integration and the current scientific and regulatory practice, the present paper outlines five medium-term opportunities for integrating human and environmental RA, followed by detailed discussions of the associated major components and their state of the art. Current hazard assessment approaches are analyzed in terms of data availability and quality, and covering non-test tools, the integrated testing strategy (ITS) approach, the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) concept, methods for assessing uncertainty, and the issue of explicitly treating mixture toxicity. With respect to exposure, opportunities for integrating exposure assessment are discussed, taking into account the uncertainty, standardization and validation of exposure modeling as well as the availability of exposure data. A further focus is on ways to complement RA by a socio-economic assessment (SEA) in order to better inform about risk management options. In this way, the present analysis, developed as part of the EU FP7 project HEROIC, may contribute to paving the way for integrating, where useful and possible, human and environmental RA in a manner suitable for its coupling with SEA. © 2013 Elsevier B.V
IPM seen from the perspective of Sustainable Use Directive Objectives - OPERA guidelines for implementation
No full textN/
A process to provide harmonised criteria for the selection of indicators for pesticide risk reduction within the framework of the sustainable use directive
No full textIn October 2009, the Council of the European Union adopted the Directive on Sustainable Use of Pesticides (EU 128/2009/EC).
This directive establishes a framework to achieve the sustainable use of pesticides by reducing the risk and impacts of pesticide
use on both human health and the environment, and promoting the use of integrated pest management and of alternative
approaches or techniques. These risks thus need to be assessed using appropriate risk indicators. The OPERA Research Centre
organised an expert working group and has had several consultations with stakeholders in order to identify a common way of
thinking in evaluating and identifying the factors that should be considered in selecting each indicator. Harmonised criteria
have been suggested to allow the selection of the most appropriate indicators, focusing on the use phase of pesticide, as
requested by the sustainable use directive. The proposed methodology has led to a sharing of perspectives and knowledge
between the experts involved, and some principles have been identified to help national regulatory institutions to estimate
general trends in pesticide risk reduction
EU AGRICULTURAL POLICY EVOLUTION TO INCORPORATE INNOVATION AND SUSTAINABILITY
No full textLa tesi seguirà il processo di sviluppo in occasione della riforma 2013 della PAC. Senza tentare di fare un'analisi approfondita sui successi e gli insuccessi del quadro politico precedente, si concentrerà più sui le opinioni delle parti interessate sulle sfide della politica stava affrontando alla data e le possibili soluzioni proposte dalle parti interessate a prendere il la politica in avanti.
Una visione a 360 ° delle posizioni assunte dalle parti interessate rivelerà loro valutazione dell'efficacia della politica, l'efficacia degli strumenti esistenti per affrontare le nuove sfide, nonché identificherà le nuove direzioni che essi propongono per lo sviluppo delle politiche per affrontare le sfide future. Tale analisi consentirà l'identificazione del luogo e l'importanza data dalla parti interessate per la promozione dell'innovazione e della sostenibilità nel settore agricolo attraverso gli strumenti della PAC.
La tesi si propone di cogliere il ruolo delle diverse opinioni delle parti interessate nello sviluppo della politica e quindi di fare un'analisi delle sfide e delle opportunità parti interessate devono affrontare nel contesto della implementatione delle politiche agricole.The thesis will follow the policy development process during the 2013 reform of the CAP. Without attempting to make an in-depth expert analysis on the successes and failures of the previous policy framework, it will focus more on reflecting the opinions of the stakeholders on the challenges the policy was facing at date and possible solutions proposed by stakeholders to take the policy forward.
A 360° vision on the positions taken by stakeholders will reveal their assessment of the effectiveness of the policy, the efficacy of existing instruments to address new challenges as well as will identify the new directions they propose for policy development to meet future challenges. Such an analysis will allow identifying the place and importance given by stakeholders to the promoting innovation and sustainability in the agricultural sector through the instruments of the CAP.
The thesis aims at capturing the role of the various stakeholder opinions in the development of the policy and then to make an analysis of the challenges and opportunities stakeholders face in the context of the new policy implementation
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