1,721,130 research outputs found
Vasi magno-greci e sicelioti a soggetto fliacico: riflessioni sulla resa dello spazio scenico
No full textDeep lakes south of the Alps
Full text linkThe large subalpine lakes (Garda Iseo, Como, Lugano and Maggiore) concentrate around 80% of all Italian lake waters.
Due to their location at the Alpine margin in the most densely populated and productive region in Italy they play a
crucial socio-economic role as water resource for drinking, agriculture, industry, tourism, hydroelectric production,
biodiversity conservation. They are exposed to steadily increasing human impact and, as their catchments extend
into the glacial Alpine range, they are particularly exposed to global warming effects. Italian subalpine lakes share
many morphological, physical and ecological characteristics, which justify their inclusion as a separate typology in
the Italian LTER network. Despite these lakes have been extensively investigated since the early 20th Century, their
regular monitoring started only in the 1980s in relation to eutrophication issues, which still represents the major
cause of deterioration of these lakes.
Limnological surveys indicate a coherent response by subalpine lakes to the nutrient enrichment in the 1960s–1970s,
while the recent development is quite heterogeneous. Past and ongoing palaeolimnological studies confirmed the
pronounced coherence of the lakes’ secular evolution. Even after the end of the Little Ice Age and till the 1960s these
lakes were very oligotrophic and extremely inert toward climatic variability. The successive nutrient increase was
accompanied by the displacement of oligotraphentic by meso-to eutraphentic planktonic taxa (especially diatoms,
cyanobacteria, cladocera). As regards, for instance, the planktonic diatoms, the dominant small centric taxa were
partially substituted by colony-forming, pennate species. Ongoing palaeolimnological studies confirm the differences
in the recent evolution of the lakes within a secular perspective, which is partly due to locally differences in the
current lake management and restoration measures. However, the incomplete lake’s re-oligotrophication and return
to the original status is also hindered by superimposed effects of climate change, as outlined, for example, by the
coherent response of the subalpine lakes to the warm early 2000s. Current sediment studies are also contributing at
outlining the impact of hydroelectric exploitation on the lakes’ ecological evolution
AI-based test automation: A grey literature analysis
No full textThis paper provides the results of a survey of the grey literature concerning the use of artificial intelligence to improve test automation practices. We surveyed more than 1, 200 sources of grey literature (e.g., blogs, white-papers, user manuals, StackOverflow posts) looking for highlights by professionals on how AI is adopted to aid the development and evolution of test code. Ultimately, we filtered 136 relevant documents from which we extracted a taxonomy of problems that AI aims to tackle, along with a taxonomy of AI-enabled solutions to such problems. Manual code development and automated test generation are the most cited problem and solution, respectively. The paper concludes by distilling the six most prevalent tools on the market, along with think-aloud reflections about the current and future status of artificial intelligence for test automation
On the Difficulty of Computing the Truck Factor
No full textIn spite of the potential relevance for managers and even though the Truck Factor definition is well-known in the “agile world” for many years, shared and validated measurements, algorithms, tools, thresholds and empirical studies on this topic are still lacking.
In this paper, we explore the situation implementing the only approach proposed in literature able to compute the Truck Factor. Then, using our tool, we conduct an exploratory study with 37 open source projects for discovering limitations and drawbacks that could prevent its usage.
Lessons learnt from the execution of the exploratory study and open issues are drawn at the end of this work. The most important lesson that we have learnt is that more research is needed to render the notion of Truck Factor operative and usable
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
An empirical study to compare three web test automation approaches: NLP-based, programmable, and capture&replay
No full textA new advancement in test automation is the use of natural language processing (NLP) to generate test cases (or test scripts) from natural language text. NLP is innovative in this context and promises of reducing test cases creation time and simplifying understanding for "non-developer" software testers as well. Recently, many vendors have launched on the market many proposals of NLP-based tools and testing frameworks but their superiority has never been empirically validated. This paper investigates the adoption of NLP-based test automation in the web context with a series of case studies conducted to compare the costs of the NLP testing approach-measured in terms of test cases development and test cases evolution-with respect to more consolidated approaches, that is, programmable (or script-based) testing and capture & replay testing. The results of our study show that NLP-based test automation appears to be competitive for small- to medium-sized test suites such as those considered in our empirical study. It minimizes the total cumulative cost (development and evolution) and does not require software testers with programming skills
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