1,720,953 research outputs found
Soil plasticity determination using manafi method and apparatus
No full textDetermination of soil plasticity is of great importance in geotechnical engineering projects. Consistency of soil can be expressed in terms of Atterberg limits of soils. Liquid limit and plastic limit tests are among the two most regular tests for determination of index properties of fine grain soils. Soil classification of fine grain soils is based on results of Atterberg limit tests. In addition, many engineering properties of soils can be correlated to the results of soil plasticity determination tests. Current standard methods for determination of soil plasticity have several issues that make their results unreliable in many cases. In this research, it is tried to address problems of conventional methods regarding soil plasticity determination, design a new apparatus for determination of liquid limit and plastic limit of soils, and standardise a new test method for determination of soil plasticity with more accuracy and reliability in comparison to conventional methods. Soil consistency is a qualitative phenomenon. In this regard, author?s suggestion for solving the problems related to the determination of soil plasticity is utilisation of qualitative research approach. Accordingly, the author has proposed a new test method and designed a new apparatus (Manafi Apparatus) for determination of soil consistency based on the nature of soil deformation utilising qualitative research approach, referred to as Manafi Method. In this technique, it is possible to determine the workability of soil at Atterberg limits and specify the consistency state of the soil. Ten different soils were selected carefully to cover a wide range of soils plasticity with plastic limits range from 18.64% to 30.78%, and the liquid limits range from 30.25% to 61.77%. The most differences between the results obtained by proposed method and standard methods were 2.38% and 1.94% of water content for liquid and plastic limits correspondingly. The experimental results obtained by designed apparatus confirmed the proposed method and provided more consistent results in soil plasticity determination in comparison to current standard methods (fall cone and thread rolling methods)
Determination of Soil Plasticity Developing Manafi Method and Apparatus
Get PDFSoil plasticity is one of the essential index properties required for classifying soils in geotechnical engineering practice. Determination of plasticity properties of soils is also critical for correlation with their engineering properties such as shear strength, permeability, and compressibility. However, present standard test methods for soil plasticity suffer, to different extents, from operator-dependency and inconsistency. This research aims to further develop and establish a recently introduced determination method, named the Manafi Method and Apparatus in the author's MPhil project, and obtain more precise and accurate soil plasticity determinations than from the current standard methods. This thesis by publication document presents the research outcomes. The document comprises six chapters. Except Chapters 1 and 6, Chapters 2 to 4 were written in the format of research articles. These articles have been published, accepted for publication, or submitted to journals for possible publications by the time of thesis lodgement. The Introduction chapter presents the aims and objectives of the research project and outlines the thesis structure. Chapter 2, entitled “A New Approach to Soil Consistency Determination”, presents research outcomes related to theory and implementation of the new testing approach. The contents reviewed and discussed the conventional quantitative methodology for soil consistency determination using standard tests. It also proposed a novel combined qualitative and quantitative research methodology for a behavioural study on soil consistency determination. A new parameter, called ‘workability’, was introduced and formulated for quantifying soil consistency. This study lays the theoretical basis for developing the novel methodology and proposed solutions to issues related to standard tests. Chapter 3, entitled “Utilisation of Extrusion Method in Geotechnical Tests: Conception and Theoretical Analysis”, evaluates the capability of the extrusion method for soil property determinations and proposes the development of a closed-form solution for the determination of extrusion pressure using this technique. This study presents the theoretical basis underpinning the extrusion process by extending the conventional slab analysis method to the modelling of soil extruding. In addition, the described extrusion mechanics explained reasons for some discrepancies observed in various geotechnical parameters due to the different soil deformation mechanisms among the test methods. Chapter 4 presents the third paper, entitled “Determining Soil Plasticity Utilising Manafi Method and Apparatus”. This paper demonstrates the utilisation of the new combined qualitative and quantitative approach for soil property determinations, namely the Manafi Method and Apparatus. The proposed technique is instrumented with a new soil extrusion device to quantify the workability of soils and is calibrated to translate the workability to their liquid and plastic limits. The method is applied to seven soil samples of varying particle sizes and plasticity to determine the liquid and plastic limits, and the results are compared with those obtained by conventional methods. The outcomes suggest that the new technique provides a more precise and reliable means of soil plasticity determination in the tested samples. Chapter 5 is the fourth paper, entitled “Effect of Particle Size on Soil Plasticity and Soil Classification”. Although the full range of particle sizes affects soil consistency, the conventional test methods and apparatuses only study the unrepresentative sub-samples containing medium sand particles of less than 425 microns. However, the novel Manafi Method and Apparatus can enhance the consistency determination method by exploring a more comprehensive range of soils containing coarser particles. Therefore, several soil samples containing various portions of coarse grains are studied. The results show that the coarse grains significantly affect soil plasticity and classification. As a result, a revision to the Unified Soil Classification System is proposed. Chapter 6, “Conclusions and Recommendations”, summarises the research results, discusses the limitations of the study, and recommends future investigations pertinent to soil plasticity determination. The articles presented in the thesis were prepared in collaboration with two more international experts in the research field, Professor Mark B. Jaksa and Professor Nagaraj HB, forming a high standard authorship team. In addition, the research seeks to demonstrate a well-defined paradigm in favour of using the proposed method in broader soil property determinations.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, 202
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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