1,721,210 research outputs found
Impact of growth hormone therapy on adult height of children born small for gestational age.
No full textCONTEXT: Use of growth hormone (GH) therapy to promote growth in
short children born small for gestational age (SGA) was recently approved
in the United States and Europe, but there is still disagreement
about the magnitude of effectiveness of GH.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of GH therapy on adult height in
short SGA children by a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials
(RCTs).
METHODS: We performed a systematic review of controlled studies
using as data sources the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled
Trials, Medline, and the bibliographic references from all retrieved
articles describing RCTs up to November 2008. A meta-analysis of all
RCT studies conducted up to the achievement of adult height was performed.
Inclusion criteria were birth weight and/or length below 2
SD score (SDS), initial height less than 2 SDS, and GH dose range of 33
to 67 g/kg per day. Adult height SDS and overall height gain SDS were
the primary outcome measures.
RESULTS: Four RCTs (391 children) met the inclusion criteria. The
adult height of the GH-treated group significantly exceeded controls by
0.9 SDS. Mean height gain was 1.5 SDS in treated versus 0.25 SDS in
untreated SGA subjects. No significant difference in adult height was
observed between the 2 GH dose regimens.
CONCLUSIONS: GH therapy seems to be an effective approach to partially
reduce the adult height deficit in short SGA children. However, the
response to therapy is highly variable, and additional studies are
needed to identify the responders
Metastasizing uterine tumor resembling ovarian sex cord tumor (UTROSCT)
No full textAn enigmatic category of uterine mesenchymal neoplasms is descriptively referred to as uterine tumors resembling sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor. First described by Clement and Scully in 1976, they were subsequently subcategorized in 1) endometrial stromal tumors with sex cord-like elements (ESTSCLE) and 2) mural uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex cord tumors (UTROSCT). In the first subcategory, the prognosis depends on the type, grade, and stage of the underlying stromal neoplasm, while in the second one, a low-grade malignant behavior has been postulated on the basis of occasional local recurrences. Here, the authors report a new case of metastasizing UTROSCT in an 83-year-old Caucasian woman, providing a literature review, and emphasizing its metastatic potential. This tumor entity shows a variable immunohistochemical profile with possible co-expression of sex cord (inhibin, calretinin, WT1, MART1/melanA), epithelial, smooth muscle (actin, caldesmon), and miscellaneous markers, such as estrogen or progesterone receptors. For this aberrant expression of immunohistochemical markers, the final diagnosis of metastatic UTROSCT appears a diagnostic challenge. Finally, the authors detected the cdkn2a (p16INK4a) expression in about half of the neoplastic cells; this finding suggests a possible involvement of the CDKN2A gene in the genesis of an aggressive tumor clone, as observed in other uterine sarcomas
Diagnostic accuracy for hybrid oncocytic/chromophobe renal cell tumors by exploiting an immunohistochemical and histochemical combined panel
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Adipose Tissue: a Metabolic Regulator. Potential Implications for the Metabolic Outcome of Subjects Born Small for Gestational Age (SGA).
No full textAdipose tissue is involved in the regulation of glucose and
lipid metabolism, energy balance, inflammation and immune
response. Abdominal obesity plays a key role in the development
of insulin resistance because of the high lipolytic
rate of visceral adipose tissue and its secretion of adipocytokines.
Low birth weight subjects are prone to central redistribution
of adipose tissue and are at high risk of developing
metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Intrauterine adipogenesis may play a key role in the
fetal origin of the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome, type
2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, knowledge
of the behavior of visceral adipose tissue-derived stem cells
could provide a greater understanding of the metabolic risk
related to intrauterine growth retardation, with potential
clinical implications for the prevention of long-term metabolic
alterations
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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