1,720,964 research outputs found
Exploiting Context-awareness and Social Interaction to Provide Help in Large–scale Environments
No full textWe humans are social beings. Whenever we face problems that we cannot solve alone
as an individual, we seek help from others. As humans, we are keen to spread our
helping hands towards people in need. When a help provider wants to provide help to
solve a particular problem, the ‘problem solving’ becomes a common goal for both the
help seeker and help provider. However, solving a problem in collaboration requires
a lot of coordination and exchange of contextual information, which is easy when
the help seeker and help provider are in a collocated place. However when people
are away from their regular social environment, they cannot easily seek help from
their trusted social peers. There is a geo–social gap between the help seeker and help
provider.
When people are away from their regular social terrain, e.g., in a large city environment, they face different sorts of problems. Often a computing system is not a suitable
solution for those problems. For instance, when people have too customized queries,
the computing system cannot provide an answer. Often they need more interactive information. Consequently, asking another human becomes the only approach to solve
those problems. Furthermore, people have different abilities. Often they need assistance with things that are easy to solve by other people. However, when people need
help, it is difficult for them as a help seeker to easily find a trustable help provider.
Additionally, when a help seeker somehow finds a help provider, exchanging the required contextual information to establish mutual awareness between them remains a
challenge.
People may utilize their online social networks to ask for help or recommendation.
However, those systems are not yet suitable to ask questions with contextual information and rich media at once. Furthermore, those systems do not guarantee a timeliness
of response. For situations where human–processing is the only solution, people may
use crowdsourcing based solutions to ask a question. However, those are often not
suitable for a range of questions where prior knowledge about the help seeker is required. Whereas, as a social being, we have a large number of social peers who can
provide help when necessary.
The research presented in this thesis explores how to unlock the enormous power of
human processing that is still underutilized, in a social, congenial and convenient way.
Which is still not well explored but is an emerging area of research.
In the frame of this thesis we propose several context–aware social computing prototype systems that assist people to find context–sensitive suitable help and guidance
from trusted social peers. We also illustrate the help seeking scenario in different
ranges from large–scale city environments to people with dementia. Furthermore, we
demonstrate the help seeking scenario in a simulated large and dynamic social network such as, a simulated vehicular network. We also propose approaches that can
assist users to select required contextual information and assist to find suitable help
providers.NL
Dit onderzoek is uitgevoerd in het kader van het "CoLaSUE: Context - Aware Local Service Fabrics in Large Scale Ubicomp Environments" project. Tegenwoordig
zijn ubiquitous computing omgevingen kleinschalig en hebben ze meestal betrekking
op een beperkte ruimte zoals een enkele kamer, huis of universitaire campus. Het
uitrollen van contextgevoelige diensten op grote schaal omvat vele uitdagingen.
Dit doctoraatsproefschrift richt zich op de bijzondere uitdagingen die zich voordoen
in ubicomp omgevingen op grote schaal. In grote openbare ruimtes, worden mensen
omringd door een overvloed aan informatie die zij niet altijd kunnen begrijpen zonder
de hulp van anderen. Het gebruik maken van de hulp van andere personen vormt een
mogelijke oplossing aangezien de ubicomp omgeving niet altijd kan garanderen dat
de meest aangewezen informatie op het juiste moment beschikbaar is . Dit is ook
afhankelijk van diverse andere factoren zoals de vereiste ervaring om een probleem
op te lossen, of het probleemoplossend vermogen van de gebruiker. Om een gebruiker
te assisteren in het vinden van een geschikte persoon die hulp kan bieden, zijn tevens
oplossingen voor verschillende andere problemen nodig.
Het belangrijkste doel van dit proefschrift is om factoren die de kwaliteit van menselijke communicatie beïnvloeden te begrijpen en strategieën te bieden om deze kwaliteit
te verhogen door de interne en externe context van de gebruikers te analyseren, alsmede
de ontwikkeling van systemen voor het delen van informatie gebruikmakende van het
sociale netwerk van de gebruikers. Om deze algemene doelstelling te bereiken, richt
dit proefschrift zich op volgende onderzoeksvragen:
• Hoe kunnen context en maatschappelijke bewustwording de menselijke communicatie verbeteren opdat een nomadische hulpzoekende geschikte hulpverleners kan vinden in ubiquitous computing omgeving op grote schaal? • Hoe kan een gebruiker eenvoudig en effectief een ’roep om hulp’ opstellen en
overbrengen aan de potentiële hulpverleners?
• Hoe kunnen sociale verbondenheid en contextgevoeligheid de kwaliteit van het
dagelijks leven van mensen met dementie verbeteren?
• Hoe kunnen sociale- en contextgevoeligheid de verspreiding van gegevens verbeteren, zowel qua kwaliteit als efficiëntie in een groot dynamisch netwerk,
meerbepaald een netwerk van voertuigen?
• Hoe kan een mixed-initative proces van contextselectie een gebruiker helpen
om relevante contextinformatie te identificeren die het mogelijk maakt een groep
potentiële hulpverleners te selecteren, terwijl men op zoek is naar hulp?
De bijdragen van dit proefschrift zijn grotendeels verdeeld in twee delen. De eerdere
hoofdstukken (hoofdstuk 2 t.e.m. hoofdstuk 4) behandelen contextgevoeligheid in
het domein van mobile en social computing – hoe zou een probleem dat een enkele
persoon niet alleen kan oplossen gezamenlijk kunnen worden opgelost in een grote
stadsomgeving.
We hebben ons voornamelijk toegelegd op use cases in grootschalige, open ubiquitous computing omgevingen. Wanneer mensen zich buiten hun normale, vertrouwde
sociale plaatsen bewegen, worden zij geconfronteerd met nieuwere soorten problemen die grotendeels over het hoofd gezien werden binnen het ubiquitous computing
onderzoeksgebied. In het eerste deel van dit doctoraatsproefschrift worden een aantal
uitdagingen besproken, zoals het vinden van geschikte personen die kunnen helpen
en het vinden van betrouwbare hulp. Dit deel behandelt ook hoe men om dient te
gaan met de interactie en informatie-uitwisselingsbarrière tijdens de communicatie
met hulpzoekenden. Bovendien, komt in dit deel ook aan bod hoe men gebruik kan
maken van sociale- en contextgevoeligheid om hulpzoekenden te ondersteunen.
Hoofdstuk 5 en hoofdstuk 6 dragen bij in het oplossen van problemen in grote en
dynamische ubiquitous computing omgevingen. Verder beschrijven we een mixedinitiative aanpak voor “aware computing.” In dit deel werd geo-sociale interactie onderzocht in een hulpverleningsscenario binnen een gesimuleerd voertuigennetwerk.
Wij hebben de efficiëntie op het vlak van de verspreiding van gegevens en de kwaliteit
van die gegevens in een contextgevoelig sociaal netwerk geobserveerd. In dit deel van
het doctoraatsproefschrift, wordt tevens een mixed-initiative aanpak voor nuttige en
contextgevoelige sociale communicatie beschreven
Where people and cars meet: social interactions to improve information sharing in large scale vehicular networks
No full textEfficient delivery of information in vehicular networks is crucial for the creation of useful and usable applications that need to cope with nomadic large-scale environments. Context-awareness is often key to improve efficiency of a vehicle network since it allows to make informed decisions on the data routing, data locality and data necessity for different moving objects. In this paper we show how the social network of vehicle residents, as part of the overall context, allows us to improve the information sharing in the vehicular network signifficantly. We demonstrate this by deploying a social ubiquitous-help-system (UHS) on top of a vehicular network. We analyze how UHS operates in a vehicular network using a network simulation of realistic large scale vehicular movement data and show that the social interactions increases the efficiency, relevance and quality of information in data delivery
Where people and cars meet: social interactions to improve information sharing in large scale vehicular networks
No full textEfficient delivery of information in vehicular networks is crucial for the creation of useful and usable applications that need to cope with nomadic large-scale environments. Context-awareness is often key to improve efficiency of a vehicle network since it allows to make informed decisions on the data routing, data locality and data necessity for different moving objects. In this paper we show how the social network of vehicle residents, as part of the overall context, allows us to improve the information sharing in the vehicular network signifficantly. We demonstrate this by deploying a social ubiquitous-help-system (UHS) on top of a vehicular network. We analyze how UHS operates in a vehicular network using a network simulation of realistic large scale vehicular movement data and show that the social interactions increases the efficiency, relevance and quality of information in data delivery
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
