1,721,106 research outputs found
A CRITICAL APPROACH OF THE CALCULATION PROCEDURES TO BE USED IN DIGESTIBILITY DETERMINATION OF FEED INGREDIENTS FOR RABBITS
No full text[EN] The effect of differences between tested ingredient and
basal diet dry matter content and the effect of premix inclusion on the
digestible nutrient content of tested feedstuffs are analysed. The
calculation procedures to be followed in digestibility evaluation assays of
feed ingredients far rabbits are also described by means of examples.
The impact of dry matter correction on the estimation of the digestible
nutrient content of tested ingredient increases with increasing of
differences between the dry matter content of basal diet and tested ingredient, and between the nutrient content of basal and test diet, and
with decreasing substitution rate, varying from 0.05% to 9%. Premix
correction increases the digestible nutrient content of tested ingredient
proportionally to the premix addition (calculated on dry matter basis) and
independently of the substitution rate and of the kind of feedstuff
evaluated. Nevertheless, the complete correction (both by dry matter
and premix) sometimes has a compensatory effect, when corrections
act in opposite way.[FR] Les auteurs ont analysé les conséquences des différences de
composition entre la matiere premiere testée et le régime de base
servant a l'étudier, ainsi que les effets de la prise en compte du taux
d'inclusion du prémix, dans l'estimation de la digestibilité des éléments
nutritifs de cette matiere premiere. La procédure de calcul qu'il convient
de suivre pour la mesure de la digestibilité d'une matiere premiere est
décrite a l'aide d'exemoles. L'effet de la correction pour la teneur en
matiere séche de la mutiere premiere étudiée est d'autant plus grand
que cette teneur s'éloigne de celle de l'aliment de base, ou que s'accroit
l'écart de teneurs en nutriments digestibles entre l'aliment de base et
l'aliment expérimental contenant la matiere premiere étudiée. L'effet de la correction pour la teneur en matiére seche s'accroit aussi avec la
réduction du taux d'incorporation de la matiere premiére étudiée. Selon
les situations, cette correction pour la teneur en matiere séche, a un
impact qui représente de 0,05% a 9% des teneurs en éléments
digestibles estimées. La correction liée a la prise en compte du prémix
(lorsqu'il est incorporé a taux fixe dans taus les régimes expérimentaux)
accroit la valeur de la digestibilité attribuée aux nutriments de la matiere
premiere étudiée, de maniere proportionnelle au taux d'incorporation de
ce prémix (calculé sur la base de la matiere seche), quel que soit le type
de matiere premiere ou le taux de substitution entre le régime de base
et la matiere premiere étudiée.. Toutefois, la correction complete
(matiere seche et prémix ensemble) a quelquefois un effet
compensateur, quand les corrections agissent de maniere opposée ..Villamide, M.; Maertens, L.; Cervera, C.; Perez, J.; Xiccato, G. (2001). A CRITICAL APPROACH OF THE CALCULATION PROCEDURES TO BE USED IN DIGESTIBILITY DETERMINATION OF FEED INGREDIENTS FOR RABBITS. World Rabbit Science. 9(1). https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2001.442SWORD9
Nitrogen and phosphorus excretion on commercial rabbit farms: calculations based on the input-output balance
Full text link[EN] Manure is no longer exclusively considered as a fertiliser in areas with high densities of farm animals. Efforts are being made to reduce mineral excretion or to stimulate a more environmentalfriendly use. In such a context, both from the governmental side and for the producer, a reliable calculation of the on-farm production is very useful. Based on the balance between input (feed) - output (produced rabbits, dead rabbits), the nitrogen and phosphorus on farm excretion have been calculated for different production systems, production levels and slaughter weights. For a closed farm (breeding + fattening) the most convenient expression of mineral excretion is per female on average present on the farm. The excretion amounts to 7.42 kg N and 4.76 kg P2O5 per doe/year on a commercial rabbit farm based on an average production/doe of 45 fatteners of 2.5 kg. The excretion decreases from 76 to 61 g N and from 48 to 40 g P2O5 /kg rabbit produced with increasing productivity of the farm (35 vs 50 delivered fatteners/doe/year, respectively). In an exclusively fattening unit (between 0.8 and 2.5 kg weight and a feed conversion ratio of 3.40), the excretion amounts to 38 g N and 26 g P2O5, per kg rabbit produced.Maertens, L.; Cavani, C.; Petracci, M. (2005). Nitrogen and phosphorus excretion on commercial rabbit farms: calculations based on the input-output balance. World Rabbit Science. 13(1):3-16. https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2005.533SWORD31613
Nitrogen and phosphorus excretion in rabbits: a calculation basis for commercial farms
No full textIn several areas with a high density of animal production, manure is no longer exclusively considered as a fertiliser. In order to limit the production or a more environmental friendly use, efforts are done to reduce the mineral excretion. In such a context, both from governmental side as for the producer a reliable calculation of the on farm production is useful. Based on the input (feed) output (produced rabbits, dead rabbits) balance, the nitrogen and phosphorus farm excretion is calculated for different production systems. For a closed farm (breeding + fattening) the most convenient expression of mineral excretion is per female on average present in the farm. The excretion amounts 7.56 kg N and 4.72 kg P2O5 per doe/year in a commercial rabbit farm based on an average production/doe of 45 fatteners of 2.5 kg. In an exclusively fattening unit (between 0.8 and 2.5 kg weight and a feed conversion ratio of 3.25), the excretion amounts 88 g N and 60 g P2O5, per produced rabbit
Are fast growing broilers more efficient when fed the same daily feed quantity as a slower growing strain?
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Economic impact of decreasing stocking densities in broiler rabbit production based on Belgian farm data
Full text link[EN] Stocking density is a prominent issue in public debates on farm animal welfare. Public perceptions and economic impact of reduced stocking density should be considered, along with effects on animal performances and welfare. In this paper, experimental data and accountancy data based on 15 Belgian farms were combined to calculate the financial impact of different stocking densities on broiler rabbit farm profitability. Using the partial budget technique, only those elements that change with stocking density were taken into account. From the experiment, feed conversion and feed intake were found to increase slightly though significantly with decreasing stocking density, although only 5% and 6% of the variation, respectively, were explained by stocking density. However, reducing stocking density implies a recalculation of all costs in a reduced number of broiler rabbits, which has a negative impact on farm profitability. Reducing stocking density from the standard situation of 15 rabbits per m² to 10 rabbits per m² reduced added value by 22 euros per doe. In general, farm income was low and amounted to only 28.10 euros per doe during 2006-2008 for the reference situation of 15 rabbits per m². Below a density of 9 rabbits/m², a negative farm income was calculated. Sensitivity analysis showed that rabbit meat price has a stronger influence on the added value at a given density than rabbit feed price.This research is funded by the Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders
(IWT Vlaanderen), Brussels, Belgium. We gratefully acknowledge the Flemish Association of Poultry and Rabbit
Breeders, and especially Ilka Hertogs for their willingness to provide the used accountancy data.132Verspecht, A.; Maertens, L.; Vanhonacker, F.; Tuyttens, F.; Van Huylenbroeck, G.; Verbeke, W. (2011). Economic impact of decreasing stocking densities in broiler rabbit production based on Belgian farm data. World Rabbit Science. 19(3). https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2011.849SWORD12319
Recommendations and guidelines for applied nutrition experiments in rabbits
Full text link[EN] The aim of this paper was to draw up a set of recommendations for applied nutrition and feeding trials with rabbits, in relation to certain aspects such as determining the nutritive value of raw materials or diets in growing or reproducing animals, studying digestive physiology and obtaining growth and reproduction parameters. We deal first with animals, size of the sample, housing conditions, diets, handling, measurements, and the data analyses relevant to the design of the experiment are described. Secondly, we give a list of recommended items and include some comments.This study was partly supported by the EUROPEAN COMMISSION (ERAFE program and the COST 848 Action).Fernández-Carmona, J.; Blas, E.; Pascual Amorós, JJ.; Maertens, L.; Gidenne, T.; Xiccato, G.; García, J. (2005). Recommendations and guidelines for applied nutrition experiments in rabbits. World Rabbit Science. 13. https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2005.516SWORD1
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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