1,720,957 research outputs found
Taking into consideration the electrical connections in the thermal management of a lithium-ion battery pack
No full textLe temps de charge est devenu l'une des principales préoccupations limitant le développement des véhicules électriques. Pour contrer ce problème, il est impératif de concevoir des systèmes de gestion thermique adaptés pour préserver la santé des batteries et également raccourcir leur temps de charge.Pour une cellule de batterie présentant des caractéristiques spécifiques, la puissance de charge se trouve contrainte par des aspects électriques et thermiques. Cette thèse se concentre sur l'évaluation et l'optimisation de la gestion thermique d'un module batterie en exploitant le refroidissement à travers la connectique. L'approche basée sur la modélisation est utilisée comme méthode pour examiner cette solution, étayée par des simulations numériques et des tests expérimentaux visant à confirmer la justesse du modèle proposé.Tout d’abord, des modèles du comportement électrique puis thermique d’une cellule sont développés séparément, puis couplés. De manière systématique, les modèles sont présentés, leurs procédures de calibration sont décrites et ils sont comparés à des résultats expérimentaux. Une attention particulière est portée à la modélisation électrothermique de l’enroulement électrodes-séparateur dans l’électrolyte (Jelly roll) présent au cœur de la cellule en proposant un maillage adapté. Ensuite, une campagne d’essais expérimentaux est réalisée pour calibrer le modèle électrothermique d’un module batterie de 12 cellules. Ce modèle est validé grâce à une seconde vague d’essais. Une nouvelle approche de gestion thermique est proposée, où le module de cellules est refroidi non seulement par la plaque de refroidissement inférieure, mais aussi par une deuxième plaque de refroidissement posée sur la connectique de puissance (busbars). À travers des simulations et des tests expérimentaux, cette nouvelle configuration présente des améliorations significatives. La constante de temps thermique est réduite permettant un refroidissement plus rapide du module. De plus, la température maximale atteinte par la batterie lors de la charge avec ce double système de refroidissement est abaissée de quelques degrés Celsius par rapport à l'approche conventionnelle. L'un des avantages clés de cette configuration est que la plaque de refroidissement supérieure agit comme un pont thermique, favorisant l'homogénéisation de la température à l'intérieur du module de cellules. En conséquence, elle devrait conduire à un vieillissement uniforme des batteries, garantissant leurs longévités et leurs performances optimales.Enfin, un profil de charge rapide a été optimisé en suivant le protocole multiniveau (mult-step). Les travaux sur le profil de charge ont pour but de pouvoir simuler une charge rapide et réaliser une comparaison en termes de temps de charge et du gradient thermique entre l'architecture conventionnelle avec refroidissement par plaque en partie inférieure et une nouvelle configuration intégrant une source de refroidissement additionnelle via la connectique.Charging time has become one of the main concerns limiting the development of electric vehicles. To counter this problem, it is necessary to design suitable thermal management systems to both preserve the health of batteries longer and to be able to shorten their charging time. For a battery cell with specific characteristics, the charging power is constrained by electrical and thermal considerations. This thesis focuses on evaluating and optimizing the thermal management of a battery module by utilizing cooling through the connectors. The model-based design approach is employed as a method to investigate this solution, supported by numerical simulations and experimental tests to validate the accuracy of the proposed model.First, models of the electrical and thermal behaviors of a cell are developed separately and then coupled. The models are systematically presented, their calibration procedures are described, and they are compared with experimental results. Particular attention is paid to the electrothermal modeling of the Jelly roll present at the heart of the cell by proposing a suitable mesh. Then, an experimental test campaign is carried out to calibrate the electrothermal model of a 12-cell battery module. This model is validated through a second wave of tests. A new thermal management approach is proposed, where the battery module is cooled not only by the bottom cooling plate, but also by a second cooling plate located on the busbars. Through simulations and experimental tests, this new configuration presents significant improvements. The thermal time constant is reduced allowing for a faster cooling of the module. In addition, the maximum temperature reached by the battery when charging with this dual cooling system is lowered compared to the conventional approach. One of the key advantages of this configuration is that the upper cooling plate acts as a thermal bridge, promoting temperature homogenization inside the battery module. As a result, it supports a uniform aging process of batteries, ensuring their longevity and optimal performance.Finally, a fast-charging profile has been optimized for two different protocols. The first protocol is the multi-step, and the second involves transforming the discontinuous profile of the multi-step protocol into a smoother profile using splines. The work on the charging profile aims to simulate fast charging and make a comparison in terms of charging time between the conventional architecture based on bottom cooling and a new configuration integrating an additional cooling source via the connectors
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
