19 research outputs found
Current combinatorial CAR T cell strategies with Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors
No full textCD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has shown high efficacy in patients with refractory B-cell malignancies such as non-Hodgkin lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Despite promising results, responses are not durable in most patients. In addition, patients receiving CD19 CAR T cell therapy are at risk of developing severe, potentially life-threatening, adverse events including cytokine release syndrome and immune effector-cell associated neurotoxicity syndrome. Many combinatorial approaches are currently being investigated to improve CAR T cell in vivo function, antitumor effects, and mitigate toxicities. In this review, we discuss the use of ibrutinib and immune checkpoint inhibitors in combination with CAR T cell therapy in patients with lymphoid B-cell malignancies. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited
林羅山的神儒融合思想
No full text本研究旨在探討江戶學者林羅山的 (1583-1657) 神儒融合思想。羅山一直被學界視為日本朱子學的奠基者之一，在日本近世思想發展有著舉足輕重的角色。羅山鮮明的儒者形象及在幕府的影響，致使其儒學思想備受重視。以往學者多認為羅山是個不折不扣、缺乏創意的朱子學者。然而，亦有學者指出羅山讀書貫通古今、包羅萬有，朱子學只是其學問組成的一部分，僅以朱子學為林家學術之整體，未免以偏概全。羅山在近世思想的貢獻，遠超以往「儒者」的刻板想像，尤其在神道學說的貢獻不遺餘力，為近世學術思想帶來重大變化。故此重新審視羅山的神道思想，實在有其必要。羅山的儒家神道以《大學》為基礎，強調道心與工夫的關係，本文試全面了解羅山的神道思想，探討以下範圍：(一) 羅山早期的神道思想、 (二) 理當心地神道的成立與中世神道的關係、 (三) 理當心地的意涵、(四) 神儒融合對近世思想的影響。This research aims to study Hayashi Razan’s Shintō - Confucian Syncretism. Hayashi Razan, an influential Confucian scholar who served the Tokugawa shogunate, has drawn scholarly attention for decades. His Confucian thought and his role in the early Edo bakufu have been well-researched. Some regard him as a faithful Zhu Xi scholar and thus his thought did not show much originality. Razan was indeed more complicated and multi-dimensional. He was also an important Shintō thinker and his Shintō thought was influenced by Neo-Confucianism. One cannot understand Razan’s Confucian thought without a good understanding of his Shintō thought. Razan’s Shintō thought was based on his reading of The Great Learning (Daxue). He stressed the importance of the relationship between the moral mind (tao-hsin) and the accumulation of knowledge (kung fu). This research will examine Razan’s Confucainized Shintō thought from these themes: First, the early Shintō thought of Razan. Second, the making of Razan’s Neo-Confucian Shintō and its medieval roots. Third, the main ideas of Razan’s Neo-Confucian Shintō. Fourth, the impact of Shintō-Confucian Syncretism in Edo Japan.蕭浩明.Ph.D. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2021.Includes bibliographical references (leaves )Abstracts in Chinese and English.Title from PDF title page (viewed on …
Author Correction: Investigation of composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic characteristics from Juniperus sabina and Ferula communis extracts
No full textAvtomatizacija BIM: Projektne možnosti za optimizacijo E energetske učinkovitosti
No full textThe building sector accounts for a significant amount of energy consumption, exerting a substantial environmental impact. Hence, prioritizing the enhancement and optimization of building energy performance is imperative for designers. However, designing such efficient buildings is a complex process, often leading designers to overlook this aspect. Many available tools primarily target energy prediction in final design stages rather than the conceptual phases, where critical decisions are made. Consequently, streamlining the initial design stage is essential. This is where Building Information Modeling (BIM) emerges as a potent force, reshaping the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry. By harnessing BIM tools for automation, designers and architects can readily create energy-efficient, optimized buildings. This research aims to delve into the diverse applications of BIM automation techniques in design optimization and energy efficiency practices. The study seeks to ascertain and evaluate the potential advantages of integrating BIM automation during the design phase to bolster energy efficiency in buildings. The investigation employed several qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The methodology is concluded into three key phases: analysis of methodologies from prior studies, selecting the base-case for the study, and examining the proposed automation workflows. The study-case is a simple building designed by the author, serving as a base to assess the different workflows. The exploration encompasses three levels of methodological automation. The first level involves manual workflow application, which, while time consuming and prone to human errors, limits the design options exploration. The second level focused on visual programming workflows but struggled due to limitations and inflexibility of tools like Dynamo for automation. It\u27s evident that sole reliance on visual programming might not suffice for comprehensive automation. Integrating textual programming scripts emerges to augment and expedite the process more effectively. The final level merges both visual and textual programming, particularly Python. This workflow focused on fully automating design options generation, exporting to gbXML, optimization, and data analysis. The use of Python demonstrates its prowess in automation and data analysis, allowing for rapid, accurate creation of numerous design options. Through these investigations, the study gauges the efficacy and best practices of BIM automation in design optimization. The outcomes of the study culminate in proposed workflows for automating design optimization during early stages. Though limitations persist due to closed-source design tools, the role of programming in the design process is increasingly pivotal, offering unencumbered access to data for informed decisions.Gradbeni sektor je odgovoren za velik delež porabe energije in ima posledično znaten vpliv na okolje, zato je ena izmed prioritet načrtovalcev tudi izboljšava in optimizacija energijske učinkovitosti stavb. Vendar pa je načrtovanje energijsko učinkovitih stavb kompleksen proces, kar pogosto pomeni, da projektanti ta vidik pri načrtovanju spregledajo. Številka razpoložljiva orodja se v glavnem osredotočajo na analizo energijske porabe v zaključnih fazah načrtovanja, ne v zgodnjih, konceptualne fazah, ko se sprejemajo ključne odločitve, ki vplivajo na energijsko učinkovitost stavbe. Posledično je bistveno poenostaviti začetne faze načrtovanja. Tu se izkaže BIM (angl. Building Information Modelling) kot močno orodje, ki preoblikuje celotno gradbeno industrijo, saj lahko s pomočjo orodij BIM za avtomatizacijo načrtovalci lažje ustvarijo energetsko učinkovite in optimizirane stavbe. Namen te naloge je raziskati raznolike uporabe različnih tehnik avtomatizacije BIM za potrebe optimizacije projektnih rešitev in energijske učinkovitosti. Naloga si prizadeva ugotoviti in oceniti potencialne prednosti integracije avtomatizacije BIM tekom faze načrtovanja z namenom povečati energijske učinkovitosti stavb. Raziskava je uporabila več kvantitativnih in kvalitativnih metodologij. Metodologija je strjena v tri ključne faze: analiza metodologij iz prejšnjih študij, izbira osnovnega primera za študijo in pregled predlaganih delovnih tokov avtomatizacije. Osnovni primer, izbran za študijo primera, je enostavna stavba, ki jo je avtor naloge zasnoval z namenom testiranja različnih delovnih tokov. Raziskava zajema tri metodološke ravni avtomatizacije. Prva raven vključuje uporabo ročnega dela, ki poleg časovne potratnosti in nagnjenosti k nastopu človeških napak omejuje možnost proučevanja različnih variant projektnih rešitev. Druga raven se osredotoča na uporabo delovnih tokov, ki vključujejo vizualno programiranje. Izkaže se, da se zgolj zanašanje na vizualno programiranje morda ne zadošča za celovito avtomatizacijo. Kot dobra rešitev za povečanje učinkovitosti in pospešitev delovnega procesa se pojavi integracija tekstovnega programiranja znotraj vizualnega programiranja. Zadnja, tretja raven vključuje kombinacijo vizualnega in tekstualnega programiranja, konkretneje uporabo programskega jezika Python. Ta delovni tok se osredotoča na v celoti avtomatizirano generiranje različnih variant projektnih rešitev, izvoz v datotečni format gbXML, optimizacijo in analizo podatkov. Programski jezik Python se izkaže za zelo zmogljivega z vidika avtomatizacije in analize podatkov, saj omogoča hitro in natančno generiranje velikega števila variantnih rešitev. Rezultati opravljene študije tvorijo predlagani delovni tok za avtomatizacijo optimizacije projektnih rešitev v zgodnjih fazah načrtovanja. Čeprav so omejitve zaradi uporabe zaprto kodnih programskih orodij še vedno prisotne, postaja vloga programiranja v procesu načrtovanja vse pomembnejša, saj omogoča neoviran dostop do informacij za potrebe sprejemanja informiranih odločitev
Assessing Authorship Rates over Time in Original Radiologic Research Publications
No full textBackground: Previous studies have shown an increase in the number of authors on radiologic articles between 1950 and 2013, but the cause is unclear. Purpose: To determine whether authorship rate in radiologic and general medical literature has continued to increase and to assess study variables associated with increased author numbers. Materials and Methods: PubMed/Medline was searched for articles published between January 1998 and October 2022 in general radiology and general medical journals with the top five highest current impact factors. Generalized linear regression analysis was used to calculate adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for the numbers of authors. Wald tests assessed the associations between study variables and the numbers of authors per article. Combined mixed-effects regression analysis was performed to compare general medicine and radiology journals. Results: There were 3381 original radiologic research articles that were analyzed. Authorship rate increased between 1998 (median, six authors; IQR, 4) and 2022 (median, 11 authors; IQR, 8). Later publication year was associated with more authors per article (IRR, 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.02; P < .001) after adjusting for publishing journal, continent of origin of first author, number of countries involved, PubMed/Medline original article type, study design, number of disciplines involved, multicenter or single-center study, reporting of a priori power calculation, reporting of obtaining informed consent, study sample size, and number of article pages. There were 1250 general medicine original research articles that were analyzed. Later publication year was also associated with more authors after adjustment for the study variables (IRR, 1.04; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.05; P < .001). There was a stronger increase in authorship by publication year for general medicine journals compared with radiology journals (IRR, 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.02; P < .001). Conclusion: An increase in authorship rate was observed in the radiologic and general medical literature between 1998 and 2022, and the number of authors per article was independently associated with later year of publication.</p
Three decades of spine surgery research evolution in Saudi Arabia: A bibliometric analysis
No full textBackground: Over recent decades, there has been a constant increase in the numbers and quality of spine surgery research. We herein plan to analyze the evolution of spine surgery-related publications from Saudi Arabia for three decades.
Materials and Methods: A systematic review of the literature with predefined inclusion criteria was carried out, utilizing multiple significant databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase). Multiple search terms were used to retrieve related articles. Numerous variables were collected and analyzed, such as articles’ level of evidence, citation numbers, study design, and author-related information. For comparison, the study period was divided into three time frames: 1990–2000, 2001–2010, and 2011–2022.
Results: Out of 2969 articles, only 254 met the inclusion criteria of the current study. During the period 2011–2022, an increase of 41% was observed in the number of publications. The highest number of publications was in 2020 (n = 36, 14.2%). Level IV comprised the highest percentage (n = 130, 51%). High-quality articles (Levels I and II) had increased (11%) from 2011 to 2022. The most commonly utilized study design was case reports (44%). Seven randomized controlled trials were identified during the study period. Most of the included articles were from Riyadh province (65%). Research interest revolved around general spine care, trauma, and oncology in 2011–2022.
Conclusion: This is the first study to quantitatively analyze spine surgery-related research in Saudi Arabia. However, there has been significant development in several publications in the last decade, but the quality still needs to be improved. Therefore, we should aim to produce higher-quality studies to meet the country’s 2030 vision goals to be one of the leading nations in spine surgery practice
Preliminary assessment of restaurant food waste as a feed ingredient for small juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
No full textGrowth of fed aquaculture is dependent on finding sustainable and inexpensive ingredients that would satisfy the nutritional requirements of fish. The present work assessed restaurant post-consumer food waste as an ingredient in feeds for small (ca 6.5 g) rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Food waste from Lebanese-food restaurants was used to prepare seven iso-nitrogenous feeds (ca 42.5% protein, 18% lipid) by replacing soybean meal (SBM), soy oil, and whole wheat in a control diet. Seven diets containing 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30% food waste were made. Fish were stocked in triplicate 52-L tanks (15 fish per tank) and offered the feeds at 4% body weight daily for 8 weeks. Growth, hematology, and proximate chemical composition of the fish were assessed. Results show that food waste can be incorporated as 25% of the diet without affecting growth of O. mykiss. The best growth (ca 317% from initial stocking weight) was observed in fish offered feed with 20% food waste. Feed treatment did not significantly affect hematology, but significantly affected body composition. Total fish body protein proportion was greater in the treatment offered 30% food waste feed than in the control. There seems to be a potential for using food waste as an ingredient in trout feed, and this could mitigate the environmental consequences of disposal of food waste. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG part of Springer Nature
GLOBAL RESEARCH TRENDS IN FLORFENICOL: A FOUR-DECADE BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF SCIENTIFIC EVOLUTION FROM VETERINARY THERAPEUTICS TO ENVIRONMENTAL AND RESISTANCE CONCERNS
No full textFlorfenicol, a broad-spectrum antibiotic extensively used in veterinary medicine, has gained significant attention in recent research because of growing concerns about antimicrobial resistance and its environmental impacts, particularly within the context of the One Health approach. A comprehensive bibliometric analysis of 972 florfenicol publications indexed in Scopus (1986-2025) was conducted using Bibliometrix R package and VOSviewer. Multiple indicators were assessed including annual production trends, journal distribution, author productivity, institutional affiliations, international collaborations, citation patterns, and thematic evolution through keyword analysis. Florfenicol research demonstrated remarkable growth with a 10.55% annual increase, evolving through four distinct phases from minimal activity (1986-1999) to exponential expansion (2018-2025). China dominated with 401 corresponding author publications (41.3%), followed by the USA (84 articles, 8.6%). Strong international collaboration was observed (17.6% multi-country publications), particularly between China and the USA (32 joint studies). Thematic evolution shifted from basic pharmacokinetics and residue studies to contemporary focus on antimicrobial resistance genes, impact on the environment, and advanced analytical methods. Highly cited studies emphasized resistance mechanisms and environmental dissemination. Florfenicol research has transformed from a niche veterinary topic into a multidisciplinary domain addressing global antimicrobial resistance challenges. The field demonstrates strong international collaboration but reveals geographic disparities requiring attention. Future research should prioritize prevention strategies over detection methods while establishing networks linking high-output countries with underrepresented regions for comprehensive global resistance surveillance
Dokansyo
No full textpdf林羅山編の故事要言集。本書は但州出石の大名小出吉英の需めに応じて編述されたもの。一見何の変哲もない要語集であるが、公刊されて、仮名草子作者に盛んに利用され、また「予が風雅は夏炉冬扇のごとし。衆にさかひて用る所なし」という芭蕉の名言の典拠ともなった（一○六段参照）。このことは、その間、読者を絶やすことがなく、いまだ指摘を受けない、数多くの利用のあることを推測させる。その解明を期待し、ここに初版の寛永無刊記版による翻刻を提供する。
This is a “Koji yogenshu”（故事要言集） edited by Hayashi Razan. This book was recorded to meet requests of Daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) Koide Yoshifusa of Tanshu (Tajima Province) Izushi. It is a normal Yogoshu (collection of terms) at a glance. However it was used by author of Kana zoshi frequently and it was source of a famous saying of Basho「予が風雅は夏炉冬扇のごとし。衆にさかひて用る所なし」( Please refer to section 106). This is presumed that meanwhile, many readers keep using without indication. The elucidation is expected and a reprint by the first edition of Mukanki (no colophon or title page) version of the Kanei era here.departmental bulletin pape
