1,720,961 research outputs found
Community acquired and health-care associated pneumonia : should we own follow guidelines?
No full textTreatment of healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) according to published guidelines recommend initial broad-spectrum antibiotics and de-escalation based on culture results.
This study aims to investigate the in-hospital and 30-day mortality and LOS in both CAP and HCAP non-immunocompromised (NIC) and HCAP immunocompromised (IC) related to the empirical antibiotic therapy started at admission, before microbiological data availability.
All patients admitted to a university tertiary care hospital in Milan with a diagnosis of pneumonia from 2005 to 2011 were prospectical enrolled. CAP, HCAP and immunocompromised were identified on the basis of the existing criteria. Therapies of two periods (T1: 2005-2007 and T2: 2010-2011) have been compared.
Ongoing Results
A total of 275 patients, 135 HCAP, were included in the analysis. T1 accounted for 240 CAP, 40 HCAP-NIC and 80 HCAP-IC. T2 (partial results) accounted for 20 CAP, 4 HCAP-NIC, 11 CAP-IC.
During T1, culture positive were 23.3% and culture negative 55%. The majority of CAP was started with monotherapy (51.7%), while the most of HCAP with dual-therapy (NIC 45%, IC 41.3%). Triple-therapy was addressed for 9.2% of CAP, 12.5% of HCAP-NIC and 25.0% of HCAP-IC.
During T2, culture positive were 17.1% and culture negative 80%. The majority of CAP and HCAP-IC started a dual-therapy (55% and 54.5%), while 50% of HCAP-NIC had a monotherapy. Triple-therapy was started in 5% of CAP, 25% of HCAP-NIC and 18.2% of HCAP-IC.
In CAP of both periods none of the patients treated with triple-therapy died, and there were no differences for mortality between mono and dual-therapy. HCAP with dual therapy had less mortality than both monotherapy and triple-therapy
Assessment of prognostic scores for 30-day mortality prediction in hospitalised patients with health care associated pneumonia (HCAP)
No full textCAP, HCAP and immunocompromised patients with pneumonia : should we rethink the concepts?
No full textPneumonia and Clostridium difficile infection : hospital acquired infection in a non -ICU department
No full textImpact of pneumonia on the emergence of Clostridium difficile infection : a monocentric study
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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