78 research outputs found
Novel Thermo-sensitive and Photo-curable Hydrogels as Potential Bioinks in Regenerative Medicine
No full textCombining the Versatility of Polyurethane Chemistry and 3D Bioprinting to Design Tissue Engineered Scaffolds
No full textFlower induction, growth, yield and quality of mango (Mangifera indica L.) as affected by different application times of selected chemicals cv. Sein Ta Lone
No full textThree experiments were conducted at Horticulture Section, DAR, in 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 for early flowering and harvesting, synchronization and yield increasing.
Experiments I and II were carried out to assess the effects of Paclobutrazol (PBZ) and different times of 3 %KNO3 application on flower induction, growth, yield and quality. Two factors factorial arrangement in RCB with three replications was used. Two levels of PBZ (0.10 and 0.15 g aim-1 of canopy) were used as factor (A) and five different times of 3 % KNO3 sprays (10,12,14,16 and 18 weeks after PBZ application) and two controls (water spraying and no spraying at all) were used as factor (B).The results of experiment 1 showed that either PBZ concentrations did not influence on number of inflorescences and number of fruits. However, both PBZ levels along with 3 % KNO3 spraying at 18 weeks after PBZ application (WAP) gave not only the highest number of inflorescences and fruit yield but also 5 days earlier harvesting than the rest of the treatments. Spraying of 3%KNO3 at 10 WAP, 12 WAP, Control 1 and 2 indicated the less inflorescences and yield compared to other treatments.
Experiment II was conducted during 2010-2011 at the same location and trees. But the rate of 0.15 g ai m-1 of canopy was increased to 0.20 g ai m-1 of canopy. The results indicated that number inflorescences, fruit yield, growth and fruit quality were not affected by not only PBZ levels but also floral induction treatments with 3 % KNO3 sprays. However, the both doses of PBZ incorporated with 3 % KNO3 spraying at 18 WAP gave the more number of fruits during early harvesting period.
Experiment III was done during 2010-2011 to evaluate with and without urea based on leaf N content and different times of 0.7 % thiourea spraying for flower induction, growth, yield and quality of mango. With and without urea application was used as a factor (A) and five different times of 0.7 % thiourea spraying (10,12,14,16 and 18 WAP) and two controls were regarded as factor (B). Without urea application rendered the 30 days earlier flowering than urea application but no significant difference in yield. Both with and without urea application combined with 0.7 % thiourea spraying at 14 WAP produced inflorescences 10 days earlier than 10,12,16 and 18 WAP and 20 days earlier than Control 1 and 2. As a result of earliness of flowering, 14 WAP showed 9 days ahead of harvesting than 16 WAP, 16 days ahead of 10, 12 and 18 WAP and 22 days ahead of Control 1 and 2. However, 18 WAP could be seen as the highest number of inflorescences and fruit yield and the best in synchronization of flowering and harvesting
Evaluation of Irrawaddian Aquifer in Yangon Area
No full textThis research is emphasized on the hydrogeological nature of lrrawaddian rocks of the Yangon area. The study area approximately covers about 700 km2. The present study is based on the data of about 200 tube wells and over 700 chemically analysed data.
The Yangon area is underlain by sandstones and shales of the Pegu Group which is of Miocene age, sandstones and clays of the Pliocene age of Irrawaddy Formation, sands and gravels of the Pleistocene Valley-fill deposits and silt and clays of the Recent Younger Alluvium. The prominent geological structure is NNW-SSE trending Shwedagon- Mingalardon anticlinal ridge and Irrawaddy rocks are mainly distributed on this ridge. In the study area, three major faults are observed.
There are only two major groundwater aquifers serving as the source of the water supply in Yangon area; namely Valley-fill deposits and Irrawaddy Formation. In Arzarnigon sandrocks of Irrawaddy Formation, water quality is good to fair with high total dissolved solids (TDS) and high content of iron at some places such as Thaketa, Thingangyun and Dagonmyothit. Three water bearing horizons of Arzarnigon sandrocks are noted in Thuwunna area. Danyingon clay unit of Irrawaddy Formation gives very low yield because of less permeable clay.
The thickness of Arzarnigon sandrocks is ranging from I 00 feet to 300 feet thick. In the study area the groundwater moves from the recharge area towards their main streams ofNgamoeyeik creek in the east and Yangon river in the south. In Dagonmyothit area, groundwater flow is generally towards the west and finally into the Ngamoeyeik creek. Also in Thaketa and Dawbon townships, groundwater flows into the Ngamoeyeik creek and Bago river.
According to the mineralogical study, most of the Irrawaddian aquifer sand samples are mainly composed of sub-angular to sub-rounded shaped quartz (about 80-90 %) and feldspar (maximum 15%). Magnetic fraction is less than 1 % and a few contents of hematite, hornblende, chalcedony, rock fragments and trace of ilmenite, goethite, topaz and zircon are also noted. Resistivity survey shows that promising first and second geoelectrical layers of Pyinmabin area having about 200 ohm-m is found as third geoelectric layer at Dagonmyothit area. Thus, the fact that good water bearing layer of Pyinmabin is inclined towards Dagonmyothit is in accordance with the underlying structure of lrrawaddian rocks. The results of grain size analysis of the aquifer sand samples fom Irrawaddy Formation indicate that dominant particle size is 0.25 to 0.425 mm and is mainly composed of fine to medium-grained sand. Water well screen opening of 0.75 to 0.95 mm is the best for production wells to be placed in Arzarnigon sand unit of Irrawaddy Formation using proper gravel pack materials. Transmissivity (T) value of the lrrawaddian aquifer is ranging f om 50 to 150 m2/d which was calculated by using the constant discharge Jacob's time drawdown method. Exceptionally, the value of less than 50 m2/ d is found in Bagan road and very high (T) value of 440 m2/ d is found in People's park well. Generally, very low (T) value occur in the wells being constructed at or around anticlinal ridge where as very high (T) is noticed at the western part of anticlinal ridge where Valley-fill deposits overlie the Irrawaddian rocks.
Recovery test is made at I O"diameter production well No 19 of People's Park and IO" diameter production well No 20 of National Theatre, Dagon Township. It shows very high Transmissivity value reaching up to 7784 (m2/d). Therefore probable source of
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recharge for western part of anticlinal ridge is assumed to be fom the Valley-fill deposits of older alluvium unit.
Rhythmic fluctuation of the hydraulic head occur at the 6 inches production well No 38A, Myayamon Water Front Villa, Dagonmyothit (South) which is about 0.72m difference during six hour. Its fluctuation may be due to the influence of tidal action. The aquifer was hydraulically connected with tidal action. So it is necessary to correct the measured dynamic water levels from hydrograph.
The statistical analysis indicates that magnesium and sulphate is strongly associated in Irrawaddian aquifer of Yangon area. The classification of Piper analysis indicates that the major type of groundwater is Ca-Mg-Na Cl type. In Yangon area, 56 water samples from tube wel Is were analysed by using Wagtech Arsenator. Six water samples show the arsenic content with I to 4 ppb which is less than the maximum permissible arsenic content of WHO standard for drinking water that is 50 ppb. Generally the level of arsenic in groundwater of Irrawaddian aquifer is safe for drinking.
Bacteriological analyses of water samples from Pyinmabin tube wells show the absence of harmful bacterial constituents during December 200 I to June 2008.
According to the regression analysis of Pyinmabin wells, silica content, potassium and calcium cations uniformly increase. Although silica content becomes increased up to over 30 mg/I, it has still remained Lmder WHO standard of 50 mg/1.
Chloride, nitrate and metallic elements of nickel are gradually increasing. Chloride and nitrate concentration are still in safe condition. The gradual increase of chloride is probably from rechargeable sources i.e. originally chloride rich formation like as Pegu Group rocks. The nitrate concentration may come from livestock and agricultural sources. The pH values become less than 5 in 2008 due to some major causes of heavy rain water.
Although hardness, calcium, conductivity, pH value and iron content of the Pyinmabin wells are similar to those of J-Ilawga water, some constituents such as chloride, magnesium and sulphate of Hlawga water are significantly much higher than those of groundwater in the end of the year 2006.
Static water levels and pumping water levels of the Pyinmabin wel Is were measured three times per month and plotted as hydrographs. For well No 604, both static water level and pumping water levels are rising up. More over, specific discharge is gradually increasing at the Pyinmabin wells. Therefore it is promising for the utilization of groundwater resources.
Isolation of Rizobium Strains and Conventional Manure of their Difference Effects on Growth and Yield of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.
No full textIn the present study, root nodulating bacteria were isolated from the root of Indigofera tinctoria L. (Me yine) on Yeast Extract Mannitol agar (YEM) medium. The present investigation was aimed at determining the effect of Rhizobium biofertilizers application on the growth and yield of tomato plants. After one week of transplant cultivation in a pot, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. was treated with C-control, R-rhizobium, M-manure(cow dung) and R + M-rhizobium + manure(cow dung). The effect of Rhizobium was shown to have significantly high performance in plant height of 48.2cm, leaf length of 12.1cm, leaf width of 11.5cm and number of leaves of 10.7cm. Similarly, the effect of Rhizobium on the yield of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. was significantly higher of 21.92g than the other treatment and control plants. These results indicated that, the highest growth parameter was found in those treated with Rhizobium. This result suggests that, the use of Rhizobium biofertilizer had a greater positive effect on the growth and yield of tomato plants
Development of Polyelectrolyte Chitosan-gelatin Hydrogels for Skin Bioprinting
No full textAbstractBioprinting is an emerging technology that offers the unique ability to deposit and pattern different cells and matrix materials to fabricate three-dimensional (3-D) tissue constructs. Markedly, bioprinting demonstrated great potential for skin tissue engineering ranging from the development of 3-D skin tissue models to in-situ bioprinting of skin directly over the wound site. Nevertheless, one of the major challenges that impede the progress in this field is the limited choices of printable biomaterials. In this paper, we report the development of printable polyelectrolyte chitosan-gelatin hydrogel for potential applications in tissue engineering of skin. The oppositely charged functional groups from chitosan and gelatin respectively first interacted at a specific pH range to form a polyelectrolyte complex, followed by further pH-dependent crosslinking. The pH-crosslinked polyelectrolyte chitosan-gelatin hydrogel was then evaluated in terms of its rheological behavior, biocompatibility, printability and lastly material stability under physiological conditions. The polyelectrolyte chitosan-gelatin hydrogel remained in a robust gel-state over the temperature range of 20-40 oC and facilitated cellular attachment and proliferation. Furthermore, it demonstrated good printability and the multi-layered hydrogel construct was mechanically stable after subjecting it to physiological conditions for 7 days
Confirmation of Skywalker Hoolock Gibbon (Hoolock tianxing) in Myanmar Extends Known Geographic Range of an Endangered Primate
No full textResearch to Determine the Installation of Additional Stabilizer Bars for the Modernization of Trucks
No full textPotential Contribution of Iron Deficiency and Multiple Factors to Anemia among 6-to 72-Month-Old Children in the Kokang Area of Myanmar
No full textThe prevalence of anemia among children in Myanmar has been reported to be among the highest in the world. This study was conducted to determine 1) the prevalence of anemia in preschool children and 2) risk factors associated with anemia. A total of 138 children aged from 6 to 72 months were recruited through cluster sampling from six villages in Kokang. Hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, blood trace elements, and anthropometric indicators were measured. Feces samples were collected to examine for the presence of ascarid eggs. The overall prevalence of anemia in children was 61.6%, including 10.9% with severe anemia. Meanwhile, high prevalence of stunting (40.0%), underweight (22.4%), wasting (6.3%), and small head circumference (6.7%) was found. Children with anemia were more prone to stunting. Children with severe anemia and moderate anemia had significantly lower blood iron and zinc levels than children without anemia (P < 0.001 and P = 0.007). The prevalence of ascarid infection was 64.9%; however, it was not associated with anemia. Drinking spring water was positively associated with anemia (odds ratio [OR] = 6.368). This study demonstrated that anemia is an important public health problem among children from the Kokang area. Iron deficiency and drinking spring water may be the important causes of anemia among children.SCI(E)[email protected]
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