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    Sharp Entry and Transition Effects for Laminar Combined Convection of Water in Vertical Tubes

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    In previous work the authors showed a sharp entry to have a definite effect on laminar forced convection to water in a vertical circular tube. The study has been extended to situations of strong aiding natural convection, and new experimental data and numerical predictions are reported. The expected entry effect is confirmed, but it is found to be less marked in a strong combined convection field than in the previous forced convection study. The experimental data also include evidence of transition from laminar flow, and a possible criterion of transition is investigated, based on the axial location of minimum local Nusselt number. This is experimental and predictive data for this criterion are compared with the experimental correlation of Lawrence and Chato based on a criterion of temperature fluctuation

    A nonlinear mathematical model for the dynamics of the saccular aneurysm

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    Cerebral berry aneurysms are modeled as a membrane having geometrical spherical symmetry and with properties that combine viscoelastic and plastic behaviour. The forcing action on the membrane is due to the internal pulsatile blood pressure, expressed as a truncated Fourier series, and to the external pressure exerted by the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) surrounding the aneurysm. A sensitivity and a stability analysis is carried out, and the differences with respect to the purely elastic case are highlighted
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