1,721,168 research outputs found
Concorso: “Proposte per la riqualificazione delle frazioni extra urbane del comune di Reggio Emilia.” Progetto vincitore
No full textL’operazione di riqualificazione e valorizzazione di Massenzatico, Pratofontana e Gavassa è stata intesa anche come un’oc- casione importante per compiere una ritessitura di trame insediative e sociali perdute negli anni più recenti e per far- ne, con il coinvolgimento diretto delle comunità locali, la base per un processo di progressiva ricostruzione identitaria. Ricostruire un carattere identitario per le frazioni ed un loro nuovo ruolo nel sistema territoriale reggiano, rappresenta la chiave per contrastare l’idea sempre più diffusa che “in città si vive e nelle frazioni si dorme”. Con in mente un nuovo ruolo da rilanciare per questi ambiti, devono essere intraprese quelle politiche che possano rendere le frazioni “luoghi da vivere” sotto molti punti di vista. Certo non si parla solo di politiche urbanistiche: un simile obiettivo strategico deve essere perseguito attraverso politiche integrate, che interessino dagli aspetti sociali a quelli commerciali, da quelli formativi a quelli culturali, da quelli produttivi a quelli ricreativi
State of the art in PEGylation: The great versatility achieved after forty years of research
No full textIn the recent years, protein PEGylation has become an established and highly refined technology by moving forward from initial simple random coupling approaches based on conjugation at the level of lysine ε-amino group. Nevertheless, amino PEGylation is still yielding important conjugates, currently in clinical practice, where the degree of homogeneity was improved by optimizing the reaction conditions and implementing the purification processes. However, the current research is mainly focused on methods of site-selective PEGylation that allow the obtainment of a single isomer, thus highly increasing the degree of homogeneity and the preservation of bioactivity. Protein N-terminus and free cysteines were the first sites exploited for selective PEGylation but currently further positions can be addressed thanks to approaches like bridging PEGylation (disulphide bridges), enzymatic PEGylation (glutamines and C-terminus) and glycoPEGylation (sites of O- and N-glycosylation or the glycans of a glycoprotein). Furthermore, by combining the tools of genetic engineering with specific PEGylation approaches, the polymer can be basically coupled at any position on the protein surface, owing to the substitution of a properly chosen amino acid in the sequence with a natural or unnatural amino acid bearing an orthogonal reactive group.
On the other hand, PEGylation has not achieved the same success in the delivery of small drugs, despite the large interest and several studies in this field. Targeted conjugates and PEGs for combination therapy might represent the promising answers for the so far unmet needs of PEG as carrier of small drugs.
This review presents a thorough panorama of recent advances in the field of PEGylation
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
[Quinolizidine derivatives with antimicrobial activity]
No full textThirty quinolizidinyl derivatives, together with two dialkylaminoalkyl analogues, were tested at concentration up to 160 mg/l for antimicrobial activity against 17 microrganisms, including gram-positive and gram-negative strains, Mycobac, tuberculosis, Trichom, vaginalis, fungi and yeasts. The most common activity found is that against Mycobac, tuberculosis, followed by that against gram-positive strains; several compounds [(I a), (I b), (I c), (II a), (III a), (VIII e), (XIX e), (XXI e)] exhibit a good or a very high level of activity. Concerning the gram-negative bacteria, activity is found only against Escherichia coli and is random and usually slight, as is that against fungi, yeasts and protozoa. Compounds (I a), (III a) and (XXI e) are of interest for their high activity and for their broad spectrum of activity, while compound (X e) is peculiar for its selectivity against Mycobac. tuberculosis
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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