1,721,064 research outputs found
I Fabbisogni Strategici dei Sistemi Territoriali Locali Salentini: Un’Analisi Resource-Based
No full textTranscranial cerebellar direct current stimulation and transcutaneous spinal cord direct current stimulation as innovative tools for neuroscientists
No full textTwo neuromodulatory techniques based on applying direct current (DC) non-invasively through the skin, transcranial cerebellar direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcutaneous spinal DCS, can induce prolonged functional changes consistent with a direct influence on the human cerebellum and spinal cord. In this article we review the major experimental works on cerebellar tDCS and on spinal tDCS, and their preliminary clinical applications. Cerebellar tDCS modulates cerebellar motor cortical inhibition, gait adaptation, motor behaviour, and cognition (learning, language, memory, attention). Spinal tDCS influences the ascending and descending spinal pathways, and spinal reflex excitability. In the anaesthetised mouse, DC stimulation applied under the skin along the entire spinal cord may affect GABAergic and glutamatergic systems. Preliminary clinical studies in patients with cerebellar disorders, and in animals and patients with spinal cord injuries, have reported beneficial effects. Overall the available data show that cerebellar tDCS and spinal tDCS are two novel approaches for inducing prolonged functional changes and neuroplasticity in the human cerebellum and spinal cord, and both are new tools for experimental and clinical neuroscientists
Emorragie digestive basse ed incidenza di tumori del colon in relazione all’età dei pazienti. Risultati di 914 colonscopie
No full textLa rettorragia o la presenza di sangue occulto nelle feci sono le motivazioni più frequenti che inducono i medici a consigliare al paziente una colonscopia totale nel sospetto di una eventuale patologia neoplastica del colon. Non di rado però, nella pratica clinica , la fonte di emorragia è costituita da patologie benigne e solo in una piccola percentuale essa è associata alla presenza isolata di polipi o di neoplasie. Obiettivo del presente studio è stato quello di verificare se l’età del paziente con sanguinamento digestivo basso può essere considerata un significativo fattore di rischio per la presenza di neoplasie del colon.
Metodo:
Obiettivo del presente studio è stato quello di valutare l’incidenza di patologia neoplastica del colon (polipi e neoplasie) in un gruppo di pazienti sottoposti alla colonscopia per sanguinamento (rettorragia, enterorragia, sangue occulto nelle feci) e di mettere in relazione l’età di questi pazienti con la presenza di neoplasie.
Risultati:
Nel periodo Giugno2001-Giugno2004 , presso il nostro ambulatorio di endoscopia digestiva sono state effettuate 914 colonscopie, 859 (94%) delle quali sono state condotte fino al cieco. Duecentosessantasei pazienti su 859 (31%)( 127 maschi e 139femmine; età min14 aa, età max91 aa; età media 55,7 aa) sono stati sottoposti alla colonscopia per sanguinamento distale ( rettorragia franca, enterorragia o presenza di sangue occulto). In 227/266 (85%) era presente una franca rettoragia,in altri 23/266 (9%) sangue occulto nelle feci e in altri 16 pazienti(6%) una enterorragia. I pazienti affetti da patologia neoplastica (polipi adenomatosi e/o neoplasie maligne) erano 113(42,5%). Neoplasie maligne isolate o associate ai polipi erano presenti in 19/266 pazienti(7,1%) e i polipi adenomatosi in 94/266 (35,3%) per un totale di 113/266 (42,5%) casi di patologia neoplastica accompagnata da manifestazione emorragica. La patologia benigna riscontrata è stata la seguente: emorroidi-154casi (58%), diverticoli del colon-70casi (26,3%),ragadi-23casi (9%), malattie infiammatorie del colon–7casi (2,6%), angiodisplasie-6casi(2,3%), proctite-7casi(2,6%), sigmoidite-9casi(3.4%),dolicocolon-5casi(2%). L’età media dei 113 pazienti affetti da patologia neoplastica (polipi e/o neoplasie maligne) è stata di 62,3 aa. L'età media dei pazienti affetti da cancro del colon è stata di 73,2aa ( min49, max88). I 94 pazienti con poliposi non accompagnata da cancro del colon avevano età media di 60aa (min 24, max86). L’età media dei 153 pazienti affetti da patologia benigna non neoplastica era di 51aa (min14,max91). Tra i 113 pz con patologia neoplastica in 74(65,5%) casi è stata riscontrata una importante patologia benigna suggestiva di un pregresso sanguinamento (malattia emorroidaria, diverticolosi, ragade , angiodisplasia). Su un totale di 266 pazienti affetti da sanguinamento distale la patologia neoplastica non associata ad altri importanti patologie del colon è stata presente in soli 39 pazienti(14,7%). Tra i 226 pazienti sottoposti alla colonscopia totale per sanguinamento distale la patologia neoplastica è stata diagnosticata in 47,4% dei casi ma solo in 14,7% tale patologia non si accompagnava ad altre probabili cause di emorragia. L’età media dei pazienti con cancro del colon, con poliposi e con patologia non neoplastica è risultata di 73,2, di 60 e di 51 anni rispettivamente.
Conclusioni:
Sulla base dei nostri risultati possiamo affermare che il fattore età ha un valore predittivo più significativo rispetto alla presenza di sanguinamento per la diagnosi di patologia neoplastica del colon
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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