351 research outputs found
Chromophores and chemical composition of brown carbon characterized at an urban kerbside by excitation-emission spectroscopy and mass spectrometry
No full textThe data in the Excel files are related to the publication Jiang et al., ACP, 2022. Each sheet of the Excel files corresponds to one plot in the publication as repeated below. The data originates mainly from Aqualog and FIGAERO-CIMS measurements. The figures and captions from the publication are shown in the following to allow for a good understanding of the data files. Jiang, F., Song, J., Bauer, J., Gao, L., Vallon, M., Gebhardt, R., Leisner, T., Norra, S., and Saathoff, H.: Chromophores and chemical composition of brown carbon characterized at an urban kerbside by excitation-emission spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-465, in review, 2022
Soil temperature series in Vallon de Nant catchment, Switzerland
No full textSoil temperature has been recorded continuously at 4 sites in the Vallon de Nant, Switzerland, from July 21st, 2009 to November 16th, 2018. The elevation of the sites ranges between 1240 and 2640 m asl.
All plots are on calcareous bedrock. Dominant species are:
T1: montane forest dominated by Fagus sylvatica and Abies alba in overstorey, Sanicula europaea and Oxalis acetosella in understorey.
T2: mesohygrophilous, subalpine pasture dominated by Carex ferruginea and Alchemilla vulgaris.
T3: lower alpine, mesophilous grassland, dominated by Festuca melanopsis, Sesleria caerulea and Carex ferruginea.
T4: upper alpine grassland, dominaed by Salix herbacea, Salix retusa and Polygonum viviparum.
Measures are realized every hour using a temperature logger GeoPrecision M-Log5W (GeoPrecision GmbH, Ettlingen, Germany) with an accuracy of +/- 0.1°C @0°C. For more information see http://www.geoprecision.com/en/
Description of files:
- coordinates.csv: elevation and geographic coordinates (in WGS84 and CH1903) of the sites, start and end date of each time series and number of missing points.
- coordinates.xlsx: same file in xlsx format.
- data.csv: timeline (in dd/mm/yyy HH/MM format) and time series of temperatures (in °C) at the 4 sites.
- data.xlsx: same file in xlsx format.
- matlab_data.mat: data in MatLab format with 't' the timeline, 'data' a matrix of 4 columns with temperature data, and 'alt' and 'name' the altitude and name of the 4 points, respectively.
- soil_temperature.png: a plot of the timeseries.
- T1_1240m.jpg: picture of the site T1 in the Vallon de Nant.
- T2_1530m.jpg: picture of the site T2 in the Vallon de Nant.
- T3_2150m.jpg: picture of the site T3 in the Vallon de Nant.
- T4_2650m.jpg: picture of the site T4 in the Vallon de Nant.
Contact: Pascal Vittoz, Institute of Earth surface dynamics, University of Lausanne; [email protected]
GLORIA Chemistry Mode temperature and trace gas retrievals from the POLSTRACC/GW-LCYCLEII/GWEX/SALSA campaigns 2015/2016
No full textThe Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere (GLORIA) was operated on board the German High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft (HALO) during the PGS (POLSTRACC/GW-LCYCLE/SALSA) aircraft campaigns in the Arctic winter 2015/2016. Research flights were conducted from 17 December 2015 until 18 March 2016 within 25–87°N, 80°W–30°E. From the GLORIA infrared limb-emission measurements, two-dimensional cross sections of temperature, HNO3, O3, ClONO2, H2O and CFC-12 are retrieved. During 15 scientific flights of the PGS campaigns the GLORIA instrument measured more than 15000 atmospheric profiles at high spectral resolution. Dependent on flight altitude and tropospheric cloud cover, the profiles retrieved from the measurements typically range between 5 and 14km, and vertical resolutions between 400 and 1000m are achieved. The estimated total (random and systematic) 1σ errors are in the range of 1 to 2K for temperature and 10% to 20% relative error for the discussed trace gases.For a detailed description, discussion and validation of the data, please read:
Johansson, S., Woiwode, W., Höpfner, M., Friedl-Vallon, F., Kleinert, A., Kretschmer, E., Latzko, T., Orphal, J., Preusse, P., Ungermann, J., Santee, M. L., Jurkat-Witschas, T., Marsing, A., Voigt, C., Giez, A., Krämer, M., Rolf, C., Zahn, A., Engel, A., Sinnhuber, B.-M., and Oelhaf, H.: Airborne limb-imaging measurements of temperature, HNO3, O3, ClONO2, H2O and CFC-12 during the Arctic winter 2015/2016: characterization, in situ validation and comparison to Aura/MLS, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 11, 4737-4756, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-4737-2018, 2018
First remote sensing measurements of ClOOCl along with ClO and ClONO2 in activated and deactivated Arctic vortex conditions using new ClOOCl IR absorption cross sections
No full textAbstract. Active chlorine species play a dominant role in
the catalytic destruction of stratospheric ozone in the polar
vortices during the late winter and early spring seasons. Recently,
the correct understanding of the ClO dimer cycle was
challenged by the release of new laboratory absorption cross
sections (Pope et al., 2007) yielding significant model underestimates
of observed ClO and ozone loss (von Hobe et al.,
2007). Under this aspect, nocturnal Arctic stratospheric limb
emission measurements carried out by the balloon version
of the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric
Sounding (MIPAS-B) from Kiruna (Sweden) on 11 January
2001 and 20/21 March 2003 have been reanalyzed with regard
to the chlorine reservoir species ClONO2 and the active
species, ClO and ClOOCl (Cl2O2). New laboratory measurements
of IR absorption cross sections of ClOOCl for various
temperatures and pressures allowed for the first time the retrieval
of ClOOCl mixing ratios from remote sensing measurements.
High values of active chlorine (ClOx) of roughly
2.3 ppbv at 20 km were observed by MIPAS-B in the cold
mid-winter Arctic vortex on 11 January 2001. While nighttime
ClOOCl shows enhanced values of nearly 1.1 ppbv at
20 km, ClONO2 mixing ratios are less than 0.1 ppbv at this
altitude. In contrast, high ClONO2 mixing ratios of nearly
2.4 ppbv at 20 km have been observed in the late winter Arctic
vortex on 20 March 2003. No significant ClOx amounts
are detectable on this date since most of the active chlorine
has already recovered to its main reservoir species ClONO2.
The observed values of ClOx and ClONO2 are in line with
the established polar chlorine chemistry. The thermal equilibrium
constants between the dimer formation and its dissociation,
as derived from the balloon measurements, are
on the lower side of reported data and in good agreement
with values recommended by von Hobe et al. (2007). Calculations
with the ECHAM/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry
model (EMAC) using established kinetics show similar chlorine
activation and deactivation, compared to the measurements
in January 2001 and March 2003, respectively
Chromophores and chemical composition of brown carbon characterized at an urban kerbside by excitation-emission spectroscopy and mass spectrometry
No full textThe data in the Excel files are related to the publication Jiang et al., ACP, 2022. Each sheet of the Excel files corresponds to one plot in the publication as repeated below. The data originates mainly from Aqualog and FIGAERO-CIMS measurements. The figures and captions from the publication are shown in the following to allow for a good understanding of the data files. Jiang, F., Song, J., Bauer, J., Gao, L., Vallon, M., Gebhardt, R., Leisner, T., Norra, S., and Saathoff, H.: Chromophores and chemical composition of brown carbon characterized at an urban kerbside by excitation-emission spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-465, in review, 2022
EPA guidance on how to improve the image of psychiatry and of the psychiatrist
No full textStigma against mental illness and the mentally ill is well known. However, stigma against psychiatrists and mental health professionals is known but not discussed widely. Public attitudes and also those of other professionals affect recruitment into psychiatry and mental health services. The reasons for this discriminatory attitude are many and often not dissimilar to those held against mentally ill individuals. In this Guidance paper we present some of the factors affecting the image of psychiatry and psychiatrists which is perceived by the public at large. We look at the portrayal of psychiatry, psychiatrists in the media and literature which may affect attitudes. We also explore potential causes and explanations and propose some strategies in dealing with negative attitudes. Reduction in negative attitudes will improve recruitment and retention in psychiatry. We recommend that national psychiatric societies and other stakeholders, including patients, their families and carers, have a major and significant role to play in dealing with stigma, discrimination and prejudice against psychiatry and psychiatrists.</p
High-precision isotope ratio measurements of uranium and plutonium in the environment
No full textA high-precision mass spectrometry method has been developed to measure 240Pu/239Pu at low concentrations in environmental samples. A reproducibility of <1% for sample sizes of > 0.5pg has been achieved using a highly sensitive and precise multi-collector ICP-mass spectrometer (Micromass IsoProbe). The research has involved applying the developed methods to a number of environmental studies.Application I: A chronology for 240Pu/239Pu is presented. This chronology over the period 1945-1980 is derived from grass samples from the IACR Rothamsted Archive at Harpenden (Hertfordshire, UK) and an Alpine ice core from Dome du Gouter, Mont Blanc, French Alps. Activity concentrations for
137Cs and 239,240Pu and the 238U/235U atomic ratio were also determined in the same samples. The activity concentrations clearly reflect the yearly yields of atmospheric testing. A higher abundance of 235U can be linked to nuclear testing between 1950-1963. A higher abundance of 238U is found in the period 1970-80 in the grass, but not in the ice. The 240Pu/239Pu ratio is compared with Polar ice core
and stratospheric data that have appeared in the literature. It is particularly notable that the UK herbage samples clearly identify fallout from the early U.S. tests in the Nevada desert (1952 and
1953) and that 1954-68 samples show isotope ratios reflecting stratospheric fallout. Ratios for the 1970s cannot be uniquely attributed to a single source. Complementary measurements of the 240Pu/239Pu have been carried out on stratospheric air filters from Sweden and ground-level air filters
from Germany.Application IIA: Plutonium isotopes have been measured in a sediment core from the Wyre saltmarsh. Radionuclide contamination in this area is much higher than in many other UK sites because of its incorporation of discharges from the BNFL Sellafield. A model for the transport of radiolabelled sediment from the Sellafield area is also presented. Application IIB: Plutonium isotopic ratios in a mudflat core from Poole Harbour reflect the pattern that is expected from weapons fallout in the pre-1970 period. The post-1970 sediment shows an
additional source that is considered to be the discharges from AEA Winfrith.Application III: Radioactive contamination of the environment by Pu and U as a result of operations at the AWE sites at Aldermaston and Burghfield has been investigated. Isotope ratio results show that contamination of the environment around the sites is patchy and its concentration very small. It is interesting to note that measurable contamination is not expected from the annual discharge records when a dispersion model is applied
Sergeac – Abri Blanchard et Abri Castanet
No full textLien Atlas (MCC) :http://atlas.patrimoines.culture.fr/atlas/trunk/index.php?ap_theme=DOM_2.01.02&ap_bbox=-1.087;44.979;1.138;45.022 Abri Blanchard (Aurignacien ancien et récent) L’abri Blanchard se trouve sur le versant est du vallon de Castelmerle. Ce site majeur pour l’Aurignacien fut identifié grâce à la découverte d’une perle en ivoire de mammouth en surface par M. Castanet en 1909, après avoir été sondé, semble-t-il, par A. Reverdit vers 1870. Lors du passage de ce dernier, les travaux d..
- …
