255 research outputs found
Mesotityus vondangeli Gonzalez-Sponga 1981
No full textMesotityus vondangeli González-Sponga, 1981 (Figs. 1, 5, 9, 14, 16, tables 1–4) Mesotityus vondangeli González-Sponga, 1981:5–14, 23, figs. 1–9, table; González-Sponga, 1984:67-69, fig; González-Sponga, 1996:130–131, figs. 298–303; Kovařík, 1998:115 (citation only); Fet & Lowe, 2000:181; González-Sponga, 2001a:30, 42, 50. Type data. Male holotype (MCNC-784), one female paratype (MCNC-785), and one male paratype (MAGS-3629), Hacienda La Trilla (10º27’N, 67º24’ W), Parque Nacional Henri Pittier, Distrito Girardot, Estado Aragua, Venezuela. Note: Holotype and paratype, supposedly deposited in the MCNC, were not found in that institution. We only examined male paratype MAGS-3629. Distribution. Only known from type locality and another neighboring one (Fig. 16). Diagnosis. Total length, 24–31 mm. Pedipalp neobothriotaxic type A-α (d 2 positioned on internal face of femur, d 2 absent on patella, and Eb 3 absent on chela); fixed finger with 12 or 13 rows of denticles; movable finger with 13 or 14 (Table 1). Pectines with 12–14 teeth in female, and 13–15 in male (Table 2). Other characters same as in the genus. Measurements, see Tables 3–4. Natural history. According to González-Sponga (1981, 1996) this species was found under stones, and the litter of humid tropical forest (200 m a.s.l.), sympatrically with species of the genera Tityus, Microtityus, and Ananteris. In “Rio Catá” (6 km E of “Hacienda La Trilla”) it was found in a similar habitat at 100 m a.s.l., sympatrically with Tityus clathratus, Títyus pittieri González-Sponga, 1981, Tityus melanostictus Pocock, 1893, Tityus sp., Microtityus sevciki González- Sponga 2001, and Chactas ferruginosus González- Sponga, 1982. In this last locality specimens were collected at night (22:00 hr) with help of UV light, on shrubs and branches of small trees, at 10–50 cm over the surface. The female:male ratio observed in this locality on April 2006 was 1:0.33. Specimens examined. Three males and 14 females (MHNLS), two males (IES), two females (MAGS- 6413), two females and one male (MBLUZ), Río Catá (± 100 m a.s.l.), upstream from the dam, Parque Nacional “Henri Pittier”, Estado Aragua, Venezuela, 6 April 2006, F. J. M. Rojas-Runjaic.Published as part of de Armas, Luis F. & Rojas-Runjaic, Fernando J. M., 2006, On the poorly known genus Mesotityus González- Sponga, 1981 (Scorpiones: Buthidae), pp. 1-9 in Euscorpius 47 (47) on page 6, DOI: 10.18590/euscorpius.2006.vol2006.iss47.1, http://zenodo.org/record/464901
Mesabolivar Gonzalez-Sponga 1998
No full textMesabolivar González-Sponga, 1998 Mesabolivari González-Sponga, 1998: 27. Mesabolivar: Huber 2000: 189. Kaliana Huber, 2000: 271. Synonymized by Astrin, Misof & Huber (2007). Autana González-Sponga, 2011 b: 40; type species: Autana autanensis González-Sponga, 2011 b; new synonymy. Caruaya González-Sponga, 2011 b: 40 –41; type species: Caruaya anseriformis González-Sponga, 2011 b; new synonymy. Rioparaguanus González-Sponga, 2005: 104; type species: Rioparaguanus spinosus González-Sponga, 2005; new synonymy. Justifications of synonymies. Mesabolivar anseriformis (González-Sponga, 2011 b); new combination. The procursus of this species is strongly curved, similar to the type species M. pseudoblechroscelis González-Sponga, 1998 and to the closely related M. huambisa Huber, 2000. However, the chelicerae of M. anseriformis (2 ♂ types from Bolívar State, Venezuela, re-examined by PAC) have a distinctive pair of small apophyses close to the fangs (González-Sponga’s drawing of the chelicerae are confusing and wrong). Several males and females of this species were collected in 2002 at km 109 on the road El Dorado to Santa Elena de Uairén, Estado Bolívar, Venezuela (BAH), about 140 km from the type locality. The material is deposited in ZFMK. Mesabolivar spinosus (González-Sponga, 2005); new combination. We have not re-examined the type specimens (2 ♂ 2 ♀ from Bolívar State, Venezuela), but González-Sponga’s drawings clearly show the distinctive characters of Mesabolivar (male cheliceral apophyses close to median line; median epigynal pocket) and the shape of the palp reminds strongly of the widespread M. aurantiacus (Mello-Leitão, 1930). For Autana, see Mesabolivar aurantiacus below.Published as part of Huber, Bernhard A., Colmenares, Pío A. & Ramirez, Martin J., 2014, Fourteen new generic and ten new specific synonymies in Pholcidae (Araneae), and transfer of Mystes Bristowe to Filistatidae, pp. 413-422 in Zootaxa 3847 (3) on page 418, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3847.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/23149
Mesotityus , Gonzalez-Sponga 1981
No full textGenus <i>Mesotityus</i> González-Sponga, 1981 <p> <i>Mesotityus</i> González-Sponga, 1981:5; González-Sponga, 1984:67, 100; González-Sponga, 1996:130; Kovařík, 1998:115 (citation only); Fet & Lowe, 2000:181.</p> <p> <b>Type species</b>. <i>Mesotityus vondangeli</i> González- Sponga, 1981, by original designation.</p> <p> <b>Distribution</b>. Only known from Aragua State, Venezuela.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis</b> (emended). Small sized species, rarely reaching 31 mm in total length, base color golden yellowish with dark brown spots on the entire body. Carapace subrectangular in shape. Tergites I–VI with a median longitudinal carina. Sternum type 1, slightly subpentagonal, with deep posterior depression. Pectines short, with 12–15 teeth in both sexes, with basal intermediate plate not enlarged. Sternites III–VI with ovoid stigmata; V with a small posterior median whitish area in both sexes. Metasomal segments I–IV with parallel ventral submedian carinae. Telson with a large rhomboid subaculear tubercle. Pedipalpal fingers with 12–14 rows of strongly imbricate rows of granules, without accessory denticles; spatulate digitoterminal macrochaetae absent. Secondary sexual dimorphism only slightly evident.</p>Published as part of <i>de Armas, Luis F. & Rojas-Runjaic, Fernando J. M., 2006, On the poorly known genus Mesotityus González- Sponga, 1981 (Scorpiones: Buthidae), pp. 1-9 in Euscorpius 47 (47)</i> on page 5, DOI: 10.18590/euscorpius.2006.vol2006.iss47.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4649012">http://zenodo.org/record/4649012</a>
Mesabolivar Gonzalez-Sponga 1998
No full textMesabolivar González-Sponga, 1998 Mesabolivari [sic] González-Sponga, 1998: 27. Type species by original designation: M. pseudoblechroscelis González- Sponga, 1998. Mesabolivar: Huber 2000: 189. Huber 2015: 5. Machado 2007: 50. Autana González-Sponga, 2011b: 40. Type species by original designation: A. autanensis González-Sponga, 2011. Synonymized in Huber et al. 2014a: 419. Caruaya González-Sponga, 2011b: 40. Type species by original designation: C. anseriformis González-Sponga, 2011. Synonymized in Huber et al. 2014a: 418. Kaliana Huber, 2000: 271. Type species by original designation: K. yuruani Huber, 2000. Synonymized in Astrin et al. 2007: 23. Rioparaguanus González-Sponga, 2005: 104. Type species by original designation: R. spinosus González-Sponga, 2005. Synonymized in Huber et al. 2014a: 418. Teuia Huber, 2000: 313. Type species by original designation: Teuia beckeri Huber, 2000. New synonymy. Justification of synonymy. The genus Teuia was originally proposed for a single species (T. beckeri) that has a highly unusual procursus (partly wrapped around the bulbal process; Huber 2000: figs 1259–1260) but lacks an epigynal pocket (Huber 2000: fig. 1263) and contiguous male cheliceral apophyses (Huber 2000: fig. 1262). The new species M. sepitus described below shares the distinctive morphology of the procursus and was collected only 130 km from the type locality of Teuia beckeri. However, M. sepitus has an epigynal pocket and contiguous male cheliceral apophyses. Molecular data (Eberle et al., unpublished data; see Appendices 1–2) also support a position of this new species within the Southern clade of Mesabolivar. Teuia is thus synonymized with Mesabolivar, and T. beckeri is transferred accordingly: Mesabolivar beckeri (Huber, 2000), comb. n. Note, however, that the name Teuia is an available name in case Mesabolivar is split (e.g. for the “Southern clade” in Appendices 1-2). Another genus that might be revalidated in such a context is Kaliana Huber, 2000. As indicated above (Introduction), I do not implement such drastic formal changes here for two reasons: (1) current evidence is rather limited as far as taxon sampling and support values are concerned; (2) the gain of such formal changes is dubious if the diagnosability of the resulting genera is not improved. Notes. For recent updates on generic diagnosis and description, see Huber (2015). Most of the new species described below fit this generic concept that dates back to Huber (2000) and was further developed in Machado (2007). The two key features are (1) an epigynum with median groove or pocket (e.g., Figs 20, 112, 223), and (2) male cheliceral apophyses with a pair of contiguous frontal apophyses (e.g., Figs 18, 118, 215). Most species that do not fit this concept are part of what is below informally described as the ‘ difficilis group’. Several species in this group of litter-dwelling species do not share any of the diagnostic characters. However, molecular data consistently place them among Mesabolivar. The same is true for individual representatives of other species groups proposed below, for example in the togatus group. In addition, it is now fairly evident that the two key features are shared by certain representatives of the closely related genus Carapoia (e.g., C. lutea, C. tapajos, C. maculata). In its current scope, a morphological diagnosis that covers all species of Mesabolivar is probably impossible.Published as part of Huber, Bernhard A., 2018, The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits, pp. 1-178 in Zootaxa 4395 (1) on pages 6-7, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/120251
Stenosfemuraia cuadrata Gonzalez-Sponga 2005
No full textStenosfemuraia cuadrata González-Sponga, 2005 Figs 972, 1064 Synonymy and redescription, see Huber & Arias (2017). Notes Previously published coordinates of the type locality Hacienda Limón (González-Sponga 2005; Huber & Arias 2017) were wrong. We assume that the true collecting site was at approximately 10.475° N, 67.283° W. Our new site below is at a higher elevation and approximately 3.7 km SE of the type locality. González-Sponga’s (2005) record of S. cuadrata from Galipán (El Ávila National Park) is probably based on 1 ♂, 1 ♀, MIZA 105577 (MAGS 1422). However, the specimens in this vial are S. parva González-Sponga, 1998 (see below). The only other Stenosfemuraia specimens from Galipán in the MAGS collection are also S. parva (and correctly identified as such by González-Sponga): 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, MIZA 105674 (MAGS 1172) (see under S. parva below). Since there are no unambiguous records of S. cuadrata from El Ávila National Park, we consider González-Sponga’s (2005) record as erroneous. New records VENEZUELA – Aragua • 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, 1 juv., ZFMK (Ar 22128), and 1 ♂ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Ven18-150), Colonia Tovar, forest above town (10.4144° N, 67.3005° W), 2140 m a.s.l., 8 Nov. 2018 (B.A. Huber, O. Villarreal M.). – La Guaira • 1 ♂, ZFMK (Ar 22129), and 1 ♀ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Ven18-156), El Limón, above road Colonia Tovar-Puerto Cruz (10.4566° N, 67.2548° W), 1535 m a.s.l., 9 Nov. 2018 (B.A. Huber, O. Villarreal M.). Distribution Known from El Limón (La Guaira; type locality) and Colonia Tovar area (Aragua) (Fig. 1064).Published as part of Huber, Bernhard A. & Villarreal, Osvaldo, 2020, On Venezuelan pholcid spiders (Araneae, Pholcidae), pp. 1-317 in European Journal of Taxonomy 718 on pages 271-272, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.718.1101, http://zenodo.org/record/406957
Phareicranaus lamitisus Gonzalez-Sponga 2003, comb. n.
No full text<i>Phareicranaus lamitisus</i> (González-Sponga, 2003) comb. n. <p> <i>Santinezia lamitisus</i> González-Sponga,2003: 7, figs. 9–14 (holotype male MAGS-997a; paratype female MAGS-997b, “ Venezuela, Mérida, Cardenal Quintero, Las Piedras”, not examined).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> See González-Sponga (2003: 7).</p>Published as part of <i>Pinto-Da-Rocha, Ricardo & Bonaldo, Alexandre B., 2011, Species relationships in the Neotropical genus Phareicranaus Roewer 1913 (Opiliones: Cranaidae): two new species and new data from Penial morphology, pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 3135</i> on page 19, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/207840">10.5281/zenodo.207840</a>
Phareicranaus lamitisus Gonzalez-Sponga 2003, comb. n.
No full text<i>Phareicranaus lamitisus</i> (González-Sponga, 2003) comb. n. <p> <i>Santinezia lamitisus</i> González-Sponga,2003: 7, figs. 9–14 (holotype male MAGS-997a; paratype female MAGS-997b, “ Venezuela, Mérida, Cardenal Quintero, Las Piedras”, not examined).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> See González-Sponga (2003: 7).</p>Published as part of <i>Pinto-Da-Rocha, Ricardo & Bonaldo, Alexandre B., 2011, Species relationships in the Neotropical genus Phareicranaus Roewer 1913 (Opiliones: Cranaidae): two new species and new data from Penial morphology, pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 3135</i> on page 19, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/207840">10.5281/zenodo.207840</a>
Stenosfemuraia Gonzalez-Sponga 1998
No full textStenosfemuraia González-Sponga, 1998 Notes This genus has been revised recently (Huber & Arias 2017). It seems to be restricted to the Coastal Ranges in Venezuela (Fig. 1064). The ZFMK collection has at least one further species from this region, but it is not formally described here because no males are available: Stenosfemuraia ‘Ven18-10’, 2 ♀♀, 1 juv., ZFMK (Ar 22127), and 1 ♀ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Ven18-154), Aragua, Colonia Tovar, forest above town (10.4144° N, 67.3005° W), 2140 m a.s.l., 8 Nov. 2018 (B.A. Huber, O. Villarreal M.). The epigynum of this species is shown in Fig. 1003. For notes on natural history see Huber & Arias (2017). Several species may share a single locality. In the forest above Colonia Tovar, three species were found within a few meters: the relatively long-legged S. cuadrata González-Sponga, 2005 in domed webs among dead palm leaves and other objects close to the ground; the smaller S. pilosa (González-Sponga, 2005) in small cavities in the ground; and the tiny undescribed Stenosfemuraia ‘Ven18-10’ on the undersides of leaves in the leaf litter. Diagnosis and description (amendments; see Huber & Arias 2017) The newly described S. exigua Huber sp. nov. is smaller than previously described species and lacks curved hairs on legs, which requires the following amendments: male body length: 2.3–3.5; male leg 1 length: 12–24; male tibia 1 length: 2.9–5.7; male legs with our without curved hairs.Published as part of Huber, Bernhard A. & Villarreal, Osvaldo, 2020, On Venezuelan pholcid spiders (Araneae, Pholcidae), pp. 1-317 in European Journal of Taxonomy 718 on pages 270-271, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.718.1101, http://zenodo.org/record/406957
Carapoia paraguaensis Gonzalez-Sponga 1998
No full textCarapoia paraguaensis González-Sponga, 1998 Figs 102–105, 1030, 1036 Carapoia paraguaensis González-Sponga, 1998: 19, figs 1–10 (♂ ♀). Carapoia paraguaensis – Huber 2000: 240, figs 947–954; 2005b: 555, figs 67–72, 89–90, 96; 2018: fig. 741. — Carvalho et al. 2017: 13. Type material VENEZUELA – Bolívar • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, 2 juvs types (see Notes below), MIZA 105736 (MAGS 1178), “ río Carapo, en la base del tepui Guaiquinima ” [5.728° N, 63.534° W], 480 m a.s.l., 17 Feb. 1990 (L. Sanabria, M.A. González S.); examined. New records VENEZUELA – Bolívar • 4 ♂♂, ZFMK (Ar 21840), and 2 ♂♂ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Ven18-171), La Neverita (8.0970° N, 62.6727° W), 225 m a.s.l., 13 Nov. 2018 (B.A. Huber, O. Villarreal M.) • 1 ♀, CAS (separated from 9027301), Río Caura, Campamento Cecilia Magdalena [approximately 6.3° N, 64.5° W, 250 m a.s.l.], 12 Apr. 1957 (collector not given). – Delta Amacuro • 8 ♂♂, 1 ♀, 1 juv., ZFMK (Ar 21839), and 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Ven18-166), between El Triunfo and Piacoa (8.5285° N, 62.2958° W), 75 m a.s.l., 12 Nov. 2018 (B.A. Huber, O. Villarreal M.). Notes Contrary to the original description, the holotype is not physically separated from the paratypes; the specimens above are thus treated as ‘types’. The two males in the type vial appear indistinguishable, so there is currently no need to designate a lectotype. However, in addition to the two females of C. paraguaensis, the vial contains three females of Mesabolivar spinosus (González-Sponga, 2005). The original drawings of the female were made from correctly identified specimens. Distribution Widespread in the Guyana Highlands of eastern Venezuela, Guyana, and northern Brazil (Fig. 1036; see also Huber 2018: fig. 741). The two 2018 records above mark the most northern localities of this species known so far. The species has not been documented from north of the Orinoco River. Natural history This species was found in strongly curved, sometimes almost globular webs, close to the ground but exposed rather than hidden in protected spaces.Published as part of Huber, Bernhard A. & Villarreal, Osvaldo, 2020, On Venezuelan pholcid spiders (Araneae, Pholcidae), pp. 1-317 in European Journal of Taxonomy 718 on pages 36-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.718.1101, http://zenodo.org/record/406957
Priscula piedraensis Gonzalez-Sponga 1999
No full textPriscula piedraensis González-Sponga, 1999 Figs 800–801, 814–817, 823–825, 1060 Priscula piedraensis González-Sponga, 1999: 145, figs 38–46 (♂ ♀). Notes The exact type locality is unclear. According to the collection card, it is between Santo Domingo and Las Piedras (i.e., approximately 8.88° N, 70.66° W); according to the original description it is in the surroundings of Las Piedras (i.e., approximately 8.89° N, 70.64° W). Each of our two new collecting sites below is close to one of the two possible original collecting sites. The male palp of the male holotype is very similar to that of P. andinensis González-Sponga, 1999, but the procursus is ventrally weakly curved rather than equipped with a strong protrusion (arrows in Figs 805 and 815). Some males herein assigned to P. andinensis (e.g., from Mesa Bolívar, SE Pregonero, etc.) are somewhat intermediate, though closer to the types of P. andinensis. It is thus unclear if the single male specimen known of P. piedraensis is just a morphologically unusual specimen of P. andinensis or if it represents a separate species indeed. Females of the two species appear indistinguishable, both externally and internally (Figs 816–817; the epigynum of the female paratype of P. piedraensis was not cleared; Figs 823–825 are from a newly collected specimen). The female specimens listed below are assigned to this species (rather than to P. andinensis) only because of the geographic proximity to the type locality. Tibia 1 in four newly collected females: 6.6, 6.7, 6.9, 7.2. Types VENEZUELA – Mérida • ♂ holotype, 1 ♀ paratype, 1 juv., MIZA 105603 (MAGS 1067), between Santo Domingo and Las Piedras [approximately 8.88° N, 70.66° W; see Notes above], 21 Jun. 1987 (A. R. Delgado, M.A. González S.); examined. New records VENEZUELA – Mérida • 2 ♀♀, ZFMK (22096), and 1 ♀, 1 juv. in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Ven20-107), Las Piedras, ‘site 2’ (8.9002° N, 70.6279° W), 1700 m a.s.l., at rocks near river, 7 Feb. 2020 (B.A. Huber, O. Villarreal M., Q. Arias C.) • 1 ♀, 1 juv., ZFMK (22097) (one leg transferred into pure ethanol, Ven18-234), between Santo Domingo and Las Piedras (8.8765° N, 70.6553° W), 1760 m a.s.l., 27 Nov. 2018 (B.A. Huber, O. Villarreal M.). Distribution Known from near Las Piedras only, in Venezuela, Mérida (Fig. 1060). Natural history The types were collected from cavities formed by erosion in road cuts (González-Sponga 1999). The newly collected specimens were found in small cavities on an exposed, vertical rock wall at the riverside.Published as part of Huber, Bernhard A. & Villarreal, Osvaldo, 2020, On Venezuelan pholcid spiders (Araneae, Pholcidae), pp. 1-317 in European Journal of Taxonomy 718 on page 233, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.718.1101, http://zenodo.org/record/406957
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