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    Pathogenicity markers of Clostridium spp. in commercial turkeys

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    Since growth promoters ban in Europe, enteritis of different aetiologies (virus, bacteria and protozoa) increasingly becoming the main causes economic loss in commercial turkey production. This study is focused on typing of Clostridium spp. isolated from samples of jejunum and ileum of 82 birds out of 27 turkeys flocks

    Hepatic lipidosis in turkeys : beyond the current pathogenetic hypothesis

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    Hepatic lipidosis (HL) is a condition described in young turkey hens and characterized by enlarged livers mottled by pale yellow areas. Histologically, the main feature is fatty degeneration associated with necrosis and haemorrhage. The cause of HL is uncertain although nutritional and metabolic factors are suspected. Over a period of 2 years, we observed 5 cases of a hepatopathy with gross and microscopic changes consistent with HL. Two of these cases affected turkey breeder hens of 12 and 21 weeks. Interestingly, another case was observed at sloughterhouse in 20 weeks commercial male turkeys, whereas 2 cases involved commercial poults of 8 and 26 days. An histochemical approach could better detail this condition and help speculating about its pathogenesis

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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