365 research outputs found
Gender and gender identity as predictors of perceived sexual and emotional needs of child sexual abuse perpetrators
No full textThis study investigated gender and gender identity as predictors of child sexual abusers' perceived sexual and emotional need fulfillment in adult partnerships. The overall sample of 75 male, and 38 female, perpetrators of child sexual abuse was obtained as part of a larger study including perpetrators and nonperpetrators of both genders;For gender, the results showed both perceived sexual need and perceived emotional need to be significantly greater for the women than for the men. This contradicts the predicted relationship between gender and perceived sexual need and supports the hypothesized effect of gender on perceived emotional need;The Masculinity and Femininity scales of the Short Form Bem Sex Role Inventory were used to operationalize gender identity. Perceived sexual and emotional needs were measured using a short form of the Partner Relationship Inventory;For gender identity, no significant effects were found. Independent variables considered were masculinity, femininity, and a cross-classification of high and low levels of these dimensions into gender identity types. The mean sexual need scores of the androgynous (high masculinity/high femininity) females were significantly higher than those of the androgynous males. The androgynous females averaged significantly higher emotional need scores than did males in all of the gender identity types. Mean emotional need scores of the undifferentiated (low masculinity/low femininity) females were also higher than those of males in all of the gender identity types, and these differences were significant or marginally significant. All significant or nearly significant effects remained when statistical controls for age and income were introduced;Implications of the findings for theory, research, and practice are discussed.</p
Expanding the genetic counseling workforce: program directors’ views on increasing the size of genetic counseling graduate programs
No full textOn the progressive hardening of the cosmic-ray proton spectrum in the inner Galaxy
No full textSpatial variations of the average properties that characterize the hadronic component of the diffuse Galactic cosmic-ray sea, in particular the spectral slope and normalization, may unveil critical information about their confinement mechanism in the Galaxy. In the first part of this paper we perform an analysis of the Fermi LAT gamma-ray data with the SkyFACT package, which combines image reconstruction techniques with standard template fitting, isolate the hadronic emission and decompose it into Galactocentric rings. We find a significant hardening of the hadronic spectral index towards the molecular ring. We study this hardening in different energy ranges, and assess its resilience with respect to different prescriptions in the analysis setup. In the second part we quantify the contribution to the diffuse gamma-ray flux coming from unresolved point sources with a dedicated Monte Carlo simulation, and consider whether the trend characterized in the first part can be mimicked by a progressively more relevant flux associated to this component in the inner Galaxy. We find that the observed hardening of the hadronic spectral index cannot be due to unresolved sources in the sub-TeV energy range, especially outside the molecular ring, given reasonable assumptions about the unresolved source population
Performance of the 433 m surface array of the Pierre Auger Observatory
No full textThe Pierre Auger Observatory, located in western Argentina, is the world’s largest cosmic-ray observatory. While it was originally built to study the cosmic-ray flux above 1018.5 eV, several enhancements have reduced this energy threshold. One such enhancement is a surface array composed of a triangular grid of 19 water-Cherenkov detectors separated by 433 m (SD-433) to explore the energies down to about 1016 eV. We are developing two research lines employing the SD-433. Firstly, we will measure the energy spectrum in a region where previous experiments have shown evidence of the second knee. Secondly, we will search for ultra-high energy photons to study PeV cosmic-ray sources residing in the Galactic center. In this work, we introduce the SD-433 and we show that it is fully efficient above 5×1016 eV for hadronic primaries with θ < 45°. Using seven years of data, we present the parametrization of the lateral distribution function of measured signals. Finally, we show that an angular resolution of 1.8° (0.5°) can be attained at the lowest (highest) primary energies. Our study lays the goundmark for measurements in the energy range above 1016 eV by utilizing the SD-433 and thus expanding the scientific output of the Auger surface detector
Child sexual abuse and subsequent offending and victimisation: A 45 year follow-up study
No full textThis study investigates whether a disproportionate number of CSA victims subsequently perpetrate offences and experience future victimisation compared with people who have not been sexually abused.
In a sample of 2,759 CSA victims who were abused between 1964 and 1995, it was found CSA victims were almost five times more likely than the general population to be charged with any offence than their non-abused counterparts, with strongest associations found for sexual and violent offences. CSA victims were also more likely to have been victims of crime, particularly crimes of a sexual or violent nature.
This research highlights the need for therapeutic interventions targeted at adolescent male CSA victims, particularly with regard to offender treatment programs, where many programs currently do not allow for exploration of offenders’ own sexual victimisation
The second knee in the cosmic ray spectrum observed with the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory
No full textThe determination of the energy spectrum features with low systematic uncertainty is crucial for interpreting the nature of cosmic rays. In this study, we conducted a measurement of the energy spectrum at the Pierre Auger Observatory using a surface detector with a calorimetric energy scale indirectly set by a fluorescence detector. The surface detector consists of an array of water-Cherenkov detectors that extends over 3000 km2 with 1500 m spacing. Additionally, two nested arrays of the same kind with 750 m and 433 m spacing were utilized to lower the energy threshold of the measurements. This contribution presents, for the first time, the spectrum measured with the 433 m array, which reduces the energy threshold down to 63 PeV, nearly half the energy at which we previously published a steepening using the 750 m array. Our measurements include a characterization of the spectral features of the flux steepening around 230 PeV, known as the second-knee. The study benefits from a nearly 100% duty cycle and geometrical exposure. Notably, this is the first simultaneous measurement of the second knee energy and spectral indexes before and after the break, using a surface detector with an energy scale predominantly independent of air shower simulations and assumptions regarding hadronic interaction models
The energy spectrum of cosmic rays beyond the turn-down around 10^17 eV as measured with the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory
No full textWe present a measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum above 100 PeV using the part of the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory that has a spacing of 750 m. An inflection of the spectrum is observed, confirming the presence of the so-called second-knee feature. The spectrum is then combined with that of the 1500 m array to produce a single measurement of the flux, linking this spectral feature with the three additional breaks at the highest energies. The combined spectrum, with an energy scale set calorimetrically via fluorescence telescopes and using a single detector type, results in the most statistically and systematically precise measurement of spectral breaks yet obtained. These measurements are critical for furthering our understanding of the highest energy cosmic rays
Shifting boundaries in sports technology and disability, is this equal rights or unfair advantage? A multidisciplinary analysis of Oscar Pistorius' Olympic Games eligibility
No full textTitle is self explanatorywith W. Potthast and B. Burket
Constraints on metastable superheavy dark matter coupled to sterile neutrinos with the Pierre Auger Observatory
No full textDark matter particles could be superheavy, provided their lifetime is much longer than the age of the Universe. Using the sensitivity of the Pierre Auger Observatory to ultrahigh energy neutrinos and photons, we constrain a specific extension of the Standard Model of particle physics that meets the lifetime requirement for a superheavy particle by coupling it to a sector of ultralight sterile neutrinos. Our results show that, for a typical dark coupling constant of 0.1, the mixing angle θm between active and sterile neutrinos must satisfy, roughly, θm ≲ 1.5 × 10−6(M X =10 9 GeV)−2 for a mass M X of the dark-matter particle between 108 GeV and 10 11 GeV
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