6 research outputs found

    Mechanical Characterization of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Composite

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    Natural fiber is mostly used in automobile and aerospace industry. Currently most used in natural fiber reinforcement are sisal, flex, hemp, and banana. The natural fiber is mined by using manual and retting processes. The agricultural waste can be used to prepare fibers it has major advantage is renewable resources and have marketing demand. The polymer composite have many advantage such as mechanical strength such as tensile, impact and flexural strength over traditional glass fiber and monogenic materials. In this paper to fabricate the polymer composite with using on sisal and banana reinforcement with treated with NAOH solution. These processes are enhancing the bonding strength between fiber and resin by removing moisture contents. After fabricated polymer composite to prepare the samples as per ASTM standard, the samples are tested for different composition of sisal, banana and sisal banana reinforced composites. M. Palpandi | T. Ramakrishnan | T. Rajkumar "Mechanical Characterization of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Composite" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-4 , June 2018, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd14165.pd

    A checklist of malacofauna of the Vellar Estuarine Mangroves, India

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    A survey conducted to know the diversity of malacofauna in Vellar estuarine mangroves (southeast coast of India). In this study, 13 species of molluscs (10 species of gastropods - Melampus ceylonicus, Cerithidea cingulata, Cassidula nucleus, Pythia plicata, Neritina (Dostia) violacea, Littorina scabra, Littorina melanostoma, Ellobium aurisjudae, C. obtusa T. telescopium and Assiminea nitida and 3 species of bivalves - Perna viridis, Crassostrea madrasensis and Modiolus metcalfei were recorded. M. pulchella, C. obtusa, L. scabra and N. violacea were found arboreal. T. telescopium, C. cingulata and E. aurisjudae were found crawling on the intertidal mud

    DESIGN OF AN EFFICIENT GEAR DRIVEN BICYCLE

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    <p>In our project bicycle is driven with a series of spur gears which will increase the speed of bicycle and also the bicycles becomes more efficient than a conventional sprocket driven bicycle. Spur gears are used in series to transmit power from the pedal to the rear wheel of the bicycle. This bicycle enables us to put less effort for pedaling. For a very low input effort, we can get maximum output. Distance covered by this gear driven bicycle for few minutes of pedaling will also be 3-4 times more than that of the ordinary sprocket driven bicycle.  </p&gt

    Distribution of Molluscan fauna in Coringa Estuarine Mangroves, South East Coast of India

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    ABSTRACT This study was conducted in Coringa mangrove rehabilitation area on September 2014. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the diversity of Gastropods and Bivalves based on the different level of vegetation age of mangrove. During the present survey, 11 species of molluscs were recorded. Among them 8 of gastropods, viz.Telescopium telescopium Linnaeus (1758),Cerithidea cingulata Gmelin 1791,and Fusinus colus( Linnaeus,1758)4 species of bivalves namely, Andara granosa, Mactra violaceae Gmelin, 1791 Gastrana polygona ( Gmelin,1791),and Anapella cycladea (Lamarck, 1818) were observed. Till now, no studies have been taken up so far in these aspects. So, the present study has been taken up to provide some basic information of the mollusca fauna of the Coringa mangrove. Key words: Mangrove, Gastropods, Bivalves. REFERENCES Alfred J. B., Varshney R. K., Ghosh A. K. (eds) 1997 An assessment manual for faunal biodiversity in South Asia. SACEP/NORAD Publication Series on Biodiversity in South Asia No 1, 181pp. Boominathan, M., Chandran, M.D.S., Ramachandra, T.V., (2008). Economic Valuation of Bivalves in the Aghanashini Estuary, West Coast, Karnataka. ENVIS Technical Report: 30. Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India Chakravarty M.S. and Joseph Uday Ranjan T., (2014). A Check List of Malacofauna from The Nuvvalarevu Backwaters of Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh, India. International Journal of Research in Marine Sciences 3(1): 11-15. Dey, A., 2006, Handbook on mangrove associate molluscs of Sundarbans. Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, pp 96 Das. A.K. & Roy, M.K.D., (1989). A general account of the mangrove fauna of Andaman and Nicobar islands. Conservation area series, Zoological survey of India 4: 1-73. Ganapati, P.N. and Rao, M.V.L. 1959. Incidence of marine borers in the mangrove of Godavari estuary. Current Science, 28(8): 332. Hogarth P. J., 2001 Mangrove ecosystems. pp. 853-870. In: Encyclopaedia of Biodiversity. Vol. 3. Academic Press. Kathiresan K., Bingham B. L., 2001 Biology of mangroves and mangroves ecosystems. Adv Mar Biol 40:84–251. Kesavan, K., Palpandi, C. and Shanmugam, A. 2009. A checklist of malacofauna of the Vellar estuarine mangroves, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 1(7): 382-384. Mahapatra, A., 2001, Molluscan fauna of Godavari estuary: Fauna of Godavari, Estuarine Ecosystem series, 4:55-82. Zoological Survey of India. Pawar R. Prabhakar, 2012. Molluscan Diversity in Mangrove Ecosystem of Uran (Raigad), Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, West coast of India. Bull. Environ. Pharmacol. Life Sci. Vol. 1(6) 55-59. Ramakrishna and A. Dey. Annotated checklist of Indian Marine Molluscs (Cephalopoda, Bivalve and Scaphopoda) Part-1. Rec.Zool.Surv.India, Occ. Paper no., 320:1-357. (Published by the Director, Zool.Surv.India, and Kolkata). Radhakrishna, Y. and Janakiram K., (1975). The mangrove molluscs of Godavari and Krishna estuaries. In: Natarajan, R. (Ed.), Recent Researches in Estuarine Biology, 20-24 Jan 1972. Porto Novo. Hindustan Publishing Corporation, Delhi, India, 177-184. Vaught, K.C, 1989, A classification of the living Mollusca ed. (R.T. Abbott and K.J.Boss) American Malacologist, U.S.A, pp 189

    Primera investigación sobre el perfil de ácidos grasos de Mactra corallina (Bivalvia, Mactridae) de la costa norte de Túnez

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    This study reveals information for the first time about the total lipid (TL) content and fatty acid composition (FA) of Mactra stultorum (M. corallina). Three edible organs (foot, mantle and adductor muscle) were the subjects of this research in order to determine the most favorable periods for their consumption in relation to seasonal variability. The results showed lower lipid content in the adductor muscles in summer (12.73 ± 2.55 mg/g dry matter); while a higher content was observed in winter (28.97 ± 3.50 mg/g dry matter). However, similar lipid contents were observed in the mantle and foot tissues among the seasons. The fatty acid composition of Mactra stultorum adductor muscles, mantle and foot was dominated by saturated fatty acids (SFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Palmitic acid (16:0) was the major saturated fatty acid (SFA) and reached higher levels during summer in the foot (26%), mantle (21%) and adductor muscles (25%). Among PUFA, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) showed significant variation among seasons with high levels recorded during winter and spring. Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) did not show any remarkable variation among seasons for the three studied tissues. Seasonal changes in fatty acids were observed for all samples, reaching a maximum level in winter or spring.Este estudio proporcionó información por primera vez sobre el contenido total de lípidos (TL) y la composición de ácidos grasos (AG) Mactra stultorum (M. corallina). Tres órganos comestibles (pie, manto y músculo aductor) son el objeto de esta investigación para determinar los períodos más favorables para su consumo en relación con la variabilidad estacional. Los resultados mostraron niveles más bajos de lípidos en los músculos aductores en verano (12,73 ± 2,55 mg/g de materia seca), mientras que en invierno se observó un mayor contenido (28,97 ± 3,50 mg/g de materia seca). Sin embargo, se observaron contenidos similares de lípidos en los tejidos del manto y el pie entre las estaciones. La composición grasa de los músculos aductores Mactra stultorum, el manto y el pie estuvo dominada por ácidos grasos saturados (AGS) y ácidos grasos poliinsaturados (AGPI). El ácido palmítico (16:0) fue el principal ácido graso saturado (AGS) alcanzando niveles más altos durante el verano en pie (26%), el manto (21%) y los músculos aductores (25%). Entre los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados (AGPI), el ácido eicosapentaenoico (EPA, 20:5n-3) y ácido docosahexaenoico (DHA, 22:6n-3), han mostrado una variación significativa entre las estaciones, con niveles altos registrados durante el invierno y la primavera. Mientras que, los ácidos grasos monoinsaturados (AGMI) no mostraron ninguna variación notable entre las estaciones para los tres tejidos estudiados. Se pueden observar cambios estacionales de los ácidos grasos para todas las muestras que alcanzan un nivel máximo en invierno o primavera
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